Testing Data
Rabbit anti-Rat PAK-1,2,3 (Thr402) Polyclonal Antibody | anti-PAK1-3 antibody
Anti-Phospho-Thr402 PAK-1,2,3
WB: 1:1000
Testing Data
Testing Data
• Jakobi R, Huang Z, Walter BN, Tuazon PT, Traugh JA (2000) Substrates enhance autophosphorylation and activation of p21-activated protein kinase gamma-PAK in the absence of activation loop phosphorylation. Eur J Biochem 267:4414-4421.
• Jakobi R, McCarthy CC, Koeppel MA, Stringer DK (2003) Caspase-activated PAK-2 is regulated by subcellular targeting and proteasomal degradation. J Biol Chem 278:38675-38685.
• Walter BN, Huang Z, Jakobi R, Tuazon PT, Alnemri ES, Litwack G, Traugh JA (1998) Cleavage and activation of p21-activated protein kinase gamma-PAK by CPP32 (caspase 3). Effects of autophosphorylation on activity. J Biol Chem 273:28733-28739.
• Jia Nie, Chao Sun, Omar Faruque, Guangming Ye, Jia Li, Qiangrong Liang, Zhijie Chang, Wannian Yang, Xiao Han, and Yuguang Shi (2012) Synapses of Amphids Defective (SAD-A) Kinase Promotes Glucose-stimulated Insulin Secretion through Activation of p21-activated Kinase (PAK1) in Pancreatic beta-Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 287:26435- 26444.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
serine/threonine protein kinase; binds and forms complex specifically with activated (GTP-bound) p21, leading to inhibiting p21 GTPase activity [RGD, Feb 2006]
Uniprot Description
Function: Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes. Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis. Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Functions as GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby mediates activation of downstream MAP kinases. Involved in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, actin stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes. Phosphorylates the tubulin chaperone TBCB and thereby plays a role in the regulation of microtubule biogenesis and organization of the tubulin cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to elevated glucose levels. Part of a ternary complex that contains PAK1, DVL1 and MUSK that is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-338' and 'Ser-339' resulting in: activation of RAF1, stimulation of RAF1 translocation to mitochondria, phosphorylation of BAD by RAF1, and RAF1 binding to BCL2. Phosphorylates SNAI1 at 'Ser-246' promoting its transcriptional repressor activity by increasing its accumulation in the nucleus. In podocytes, promotes NR3C2 nuclear localization. Required for atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2-induced phosphorylation of LIMK1 and cofilin (CFL1) and for the up-regulation of ACKR2 from endosomal compartment to cell membrane, increasing its efficiency in chemokine uptake and degradation. In synapses, seems to mediate the regulation of F-actin cluster formation performed by SHANK3, maybe through CFL1 phosphorylation and inactivation. Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.12
Catalytic activity: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. Ref.5
Cofactor: Magnesium.
Enzyme regulation: Phosphorylation of Thr-84 by OXSR1 inhibits activation
By similarity. Activated by binding small G proteins. Binding of GTP-bound CDC42 or RAC1 to the autoregulatory region releases monomers from the autoinhibited dimer, and enables activation by phosphorylation of Thr-422. Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.11
Subunit structure: Homodimer in its autoinhibited state. Active as monomer. Component of cytoplasmic complexes, which also contains PXN, ARHGEF6 and GIT1. Interacts with NISCH. Interacts with DVL1; mediates the formation of a DVL1, MUSK and PAK1 ternary complex involved in AChR clustering. Binds to the caspase-cleaved p110 isoform ofCDC2L1 and CDC2L2, p110C, but not the full-length proteins. Interacts with ARHGEF7. Probably found in a ternary complex composed of DSCAM, PAK1 and RAC1. Interacts with DSCAM (via cytoplasmic domain); the interaction is direct and enhanced in presence of RAC1. Interacts with SCRIB. Interacts with PDPK1. Interacts (via kinase domain) with RAF1. Interacts with NCK1 and NCK2. Interacts with TBCB. Interacts with CRIPAK. Interacts with BRSK2
By similarity. Interacts tightly with GTP-bound but not GDP-bound CDC42/P21 and RAC1. Interacts with SNAI1
By similarity. Ref.5 Ref.11 Ref.15
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm
By similarity. Cell junction › focal adhesion
By similarity. Cell membrane
By similarity. Note: Recruited to the cell membrane by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Recruited to focal adhesions upon activation
By similarity. Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.8
Tissue specificity: Expressed predominantly in the brain, with higher expression in neuronal groups associated with motor function, and at lower levels in the spleen. Ref.4
Developmental stage: Found in the embryonic CNS with little expression elsewhere.
Post-translational modification: Autophosphorylated in trans, meaning that in a dimer, one kinase molecule phosphorylates the other one. Activated by autophosphorylation at Thr-422 in response to a conformation change, triggered by interaction with GTP-bound CDC42 or RAC1. Activated by phosphorylation at Thr-422 by PDPK1. Phosphorylated by JAK2 in response to PRL; this increases PAK1 kinase activity. Phosphorylated at Ser-21 by PKB/AKT; this reduces interaction with NCK1 and association with focal adhesion sites
By similarity. Activated by phosphorylation at Thr-422 by BRSK2. Ref.5 Ref.11 Ref.13
Sequence similarities: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.Contains 1 CRIB domain.Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
Research Articles on PAK1-3
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Product Notes
The PAK1-3 pak1 (Catalog #AAA502098) is an Antibody produced from Rabbit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The Anti-Phospho-Thr402 PAK-1,2,3 reacts with Rat and may cross-react with other species as described in the data sheet. AAA Biotech's PAK-1,2,3 (Thr402) can be used in a range of immunoassay formats including, but not limited to, Western Blot (WB). Quality Control: Western blots performed on each lot. WB: 1:1000. Researchers should empirically determine the suitability of the PAK1-3 pak1 for an application not listed in the data sheet. Researchers commonly develop new applications and it is an integral, important part of the investigative research process. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "PAK-1,2,3 (Thr402), Polyclonal Antibody" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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