Rabbit Tyrosine Hydroxylase (Ser40) Polyclonal Antibody | anti-TH antibody

Anti-Phospho-Ser40 Tyrosine Hydroxylase

Cat. Num. AAA502134

• Gene Names: Th; The
• Reactivity: Many Mammalian/ Many Non-mammalian/
• Applications: Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry
• Purity: Affinity Purified (Prepared from rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho- and dephosphopeptide affinity columns.)
• Synonyms: Tyrosine Hydroxylase (Ser40); Polyclonal Antibody; Anti-Phospho-Ser40 Tyrosine Hydroxylase; anti-TH antibody

• Host: Rabbit
• Reactivity: Many Mammalian/ Many Non-mammalian/
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Specificity: Specific for the ~60k tyrosine hydroxylase protein phosphorylated at Ser40. Some higher molecular weight bands may be detected by the antibody depending upon the brain region being studied, protein loads and the detection methods used. The antibody has three orders of magnitude selectivity over dephospho TH.
• Purity/Purification: Affinity Purified (Prepared from rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho- and dephosphopeptide affinity columns.)
• Form/Format: 100 ul in 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 ug per ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Adequate amount of material to conduct 10-mini Western blots.
• Sequence Length: 498

• Applicable Applications for anti-TH antibody: Western Blot (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
• Application Notes: Quality Control: Western blots performed on each lot.; WB: 1:1000; IHC (frozen sections; Witkovsky et al., 2000): 1:1000; IF (frozen sections; Witkovsky et al., 2000): 1:1000
• Antigen: Phosphopeptide corresponding to amino acid residues surrounding the phospho-Ser40 of rat tyrosine hydroxylase.
• Immunogen Information: Synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to amino acid residues surrounding Ser40 conjugated to KLH
• Immunogen Species: Rat
• Species Reactivity Note: The antibody has been directly tested for reactivity in Western blots with many mammalian and non-mammalian species.
• Biological Significance: Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of the catecholamines Dopamine and Norepinephrine. TH antibodies can therefore be used as markers for dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons in a variety of applications including depression, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease and drug abuse (Kish et al., 2001; Zhu et al., 2000; Zhu et al., 1999). TH antibodies can also be used to explore basic mechanisms of dopamine and norepinephrine signaling (Witkovsky et al., 2000; Salvatore et al., 2001; Dunkley et al., 2004). The activity of TH is also regulated by phosphorylation (Haycock et al., 1982; Haycock et al., 1992; Jedynak et al., 2002). Phospho-specific antibodies for the phosphorylation sites on TH can be used to great effect in studying this regulation and in identifying the cells in which TH phosphorylation occurs.
• Preparation and Storage: For long term storage -20 degree C is recommended. Stable at -20 degree C for at least 1 year.

Testing Data

Related Product Information for anti-TH antibody

Affinity purified rabbit polyclonal antibody

References

• Dunkley PR, Bobrovskaya L, Graham ME, Von Nagy-Felsobuki EI, Dickson PW (2004) Tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation: regulation and consequences. J Neurochem 91:1025-1043.
• Haycock JW, Ahn NG, Cobb MH, Krebs EG (1992) ERK1 and ERK2, two microtubule-associated protein 2 kinases, mediate the phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase at serine-31 in situ. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 89:2365- 2369.
• Haycock JW, Bennett WF, George RJ, Waymire JC (1982) Multiple site phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase. Differential regulation in situ by a 8-bromo-cAMP and acetylcholine. J Biol Chem 257:13699-13703.
• Jedynak JP, Ali SF, Haycock JW, Hope BT (2002) Acute administration of cocaine regulates the phosphorylation of serine-19,-31 and-40 in tyrosine hydroxylase. J Neurochem 82:382-388.
• Kish SJ, Kalasinsky KS, Derkach P, Schmunk GA, Guttman M, Ang L, Adams V, Furukawa Y, Haycock JW (2001) Striatal dopaminergic and serotonergic markers in human heroin users. Neuropsychopharmacology 24:561-567.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 6981652
• NCBI GeneID: 25085
• NCBI Accession #: NP_036872.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_012740.3
• UniProt Accession #: P04177
• Molecular Weight: 60
• NCBI Official Full Name: tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: tyrosine hydroxylase
• NCBI Official Symbol: Th
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: The
• NCBI Protein Information: tyrosine 3-monooxygenase; tyrosine 3-hydroxylase
• UniProt Protein Name: Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
• UniProt Gene Name: Th
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: TH
• UniProt Entry Name: TY3H_RAT

NCBI Description

catalyzes the rate limiting step in catecholamine biosynthesis; may be involved in response to hypoxia [RGD, Feb 2006]

Uniprot Description

Function: Plays an important role in the physiology of adrenergic neurons.

Catalytic activity: L-tyrosine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = L-dopa + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin.

Cofactor: Fe2+ ion.

Enzyme regulation: Phosphorylation leads to an increase in the catalytic activity.

Pathway: Catecholamine biosynthesis; dopamine biosynthesis; dopamine from L-tyrosine: step 1/2.

Subunit structure: Homotetramer.

Post-translational modification: In vitro, phosphorylation of Ser-19 increases the rate of Ser-40 phosphorylation, which results in enzyme opening and activation.

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family.