Rabbit anti-Human Kallikrein-4 Polyclonal Antibody | anti-KLK4 antibody

Anti-Kallikrein-4 (PRSS17, KLK-L1, Enamel Matrix Serine Protease (EMPS1), Prostase), Kallikrein Loop Antibody

Cat. Num. AAA4157516

• Reactivity: Human
• Applications: Western Blot
• Purity: Immunogen Affinity Purified
• Synonyms: Kallikrein-4; Polyclonal Antibody; Anti-Kallikrein-4 (PRSS17; KLK-L1; Enamel Matrix Serine Protease (EMPS1); Prostase); Kallikrein Loop Antibody; anti-KLK4 antibody

• Host: Rabbit
• Reactivity: Human
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Isotype: IgG
• Specificity: This antibody reacts with Kallikrein 4, but does not react with the other kallikreins (1-7 and 9-15).
• Purity/Purification: Immunogen Affinity Purified
• Form/Format: Liquid; PBS, pH 7.4 with 0.05% sodium azide.
• Concentration: 1ug/ul (varies by lot)
• Sequence Length: 256

• Applicable Applications for anti-KLK4 antibody: Western Blot (WB)
• Application Notes: WB: 1:1000 when using colorimetric substrates such as BCIP/NBT and 1:5000 for chemiluminescent substrates. Higher concentrations of antibody may be needed for samples from more distantly related species. Predicted molecular weight: 27 kDa. Dilution optimised using Chromogenic detection.
• Immunogen: Synthetic peptide based on the Kallikrein loop area of human Kallikrein 4.
• Preparation and Storage: This product is stable for several weeks at 4 degree C as an undiluted liquid. Dilute only prior to immediate use.; For extended storage, aliquot contents and freeze at-20 degree C or below. Avoid cycles of freezing and thawing. Expiration date is one (1) year from date of receipt.

Testing Data

Related Product Information for anti-KLK4 antibody

Description: The antibody is a rabbit polyclonal antibody made to the serine proteinase kallikrein-4 (hK4). The antibody is made to a synthetic peptide based on the Kallikrein loop area of human Kallikrein-4. The antibody reacts with human Kallikrein-4, and does not react with the human kallikreins (hK1-15). The antibody has been peptide-affinity purified, concentrated to 1.0 mg/ml, with the addition of 0.05% sodium azide as preservative and 50% glycerol as cryoprotectant. Kallikrein-4 (hK4) was first described as enamel matrix serine proteinase-1, a serine protease involved in degradation of amelogenin during tooth development and tooth enamel turnover. Unlike another enamel processing enzyme, MMP-20, hK-4 is not restricted to dental tissues. Also described as prostase, and Kallikrein-Like-1 (KLK-L1), hK-4 was identified as a protein elevated in prostate and breast cancer tissues, and was at first thought to be more or less prostate-specific. Since then hK-4 has been identified in a range of normal and cancerous tissues and cell lines. Androgen response elements have been identified in hK-4 genes, and the hK-4 levels have been shown to be modified by androgens and estrogens, similar to hK3 (PSA). hK-4 has also been shown to activate pro-uPa by generating the two-chain form after cleavage of the one-chain form, and thus may participate in an enzyme activation cascade. The Kallikrein-4 signal sequence is thought to be insufficient to allow secretion of hK-4, and several reports indicate a predominately nuclear isolation. A GFP-tagged Kallikrein-4 message was over expressed in cell culture, and the GFP tag localized to the nucleus. Other authors have found hK-4 in culture media of tumor cells and in sera of cancer patients, and to be secreted as a recombinant protein, leading to some debate on the issue. The hK-4 structure differs from the Kallikrein 1-3 in having a shorter-kallikrein loop-, the sequence thought to impart specificity to the classical kallikreins. Endogenous inhibitors include kallistatin, protein-C inhibitor and beta1-proteinase inhibitor, although hK-4 can be found complexed to a number of different proteinase inhibitors. Full length hK4 is a 254 amino acid protein, with predicted mass of 27 kDa and a pI of 4.52, but extensive glycosylation and other posttranslational modifications give Kallikrein an apparent mass of 30-32 kDa on SDS PAGE gels. Different splice variants of Kallikrein-4 encode for proteins of 195, 159 and 75 amino acids, with predicted masses of 20.6, 16.9 and 8 kDa respectively, although expression of the related proteins is unknown. A recommended starting concentration for Western blots is 1:1,000 when using colorimetric substrates such as BCIP/NBT, and 1:5,000 for chemiluminescent substrates. Higher concentrations of antibody may be needed for samples from more distantly related species.

Relevance: The human tissue Kallikrein gene family encodes 15 serine proteases. All Kallikreins share structural similarities including cysteine residues, a catalytic triad of His, Asp, and Ser residues, typically five coding exons and varied intron phases. Kallikreins are predominantly secreted as inactive zymogens prior to activation by cleavage of an N terminal peptide and all function extracellularly. Kallikreins can be activated autocatalytically, via other Kallikreins, or additional proteases. While structurally similar, Kallikrein family members have distinct functions and have key roles in many physiological and pathological processes. Many human tissue Kallikreins also show promise as cancer biomarkers, which may facilitate earlier detection and characterization of many forms of cancer. Kallikrein 4 (hK4) was first described as enamel matrix serine proteinase 1, a serine protease involved in degradation of amelogenin during tooth development and tooth enamel turnover. Unlike another enamel processing enzyme, MMP20, hK4 is not restricted to dental tissues and has been identified in a range of normal and cancerous tissues and cell lines. Androgen response elements have been identified in hK4 genes and the hK4 levels have been shown to be modified by androgens and estrogens, similar to hK3 (PSA). hK4 has also been shown to activate pro-uPa by generating the two chain form after cleavage of the one chain form and thus may participate in an enzyme activation cascade. The Kallikrein 4 signal sequence is thought to be insufficient to allow secretion of hK4 and several reports indicate a predominately nuclear isolation. The hK4 structure differs from the Kallikrein 1-3 in having a shorter "kallikrein loop", the sequence thought to impart specificity to the classical kallikreins. Endogenous inhibitors include kallistatin, protein C inhibitor and alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor, although hK4 can be found complexed to a number of different proteinase inhibitors.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 51871599
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NP_001004101.1
• NCBI Official Full Name: kallikrein-4
• Protein Family: Kallikrein