Rabbit COVID 19 Spike Protein Coronavirus Polyclonal Antibody | anti-COVID-19 antibody

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19, 2019-nCoV) Spike Antibody

Cat. Num. AAA150780

• Reactivity: Virus
• Applications: ELISA, Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot
• Purity: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19, 2019-nCoV) Spike Antibody is affinity chromatography purified via peptide column.
• Synonyms: COVID 19 Spike Protein Coronavirus; Polyclonal Antibody; SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19; 2019-nCoV) Spike Antibody; 2019 Novel Coronavirus; Coronavirus; CoV; COVID-19 virus; HCoV-2; Human Coronavirus 2019; SARS2; SARS-CoV-2; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Spike; anti-COVID-19 antibody

• Host: Rabbit
• Reactivity: Virus
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Isotype: IgG
• Purity/Purification: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19, 2019-nCoV) Spike Antibody is affinity chromatography purified via peptide column.
• Form/Format: Liquid; SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19, 2019-nCoV) Spike Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
• Concentration: 1 mg/mL (varies by lot)
• Sequence Length: 1255

• Applicable Applications for anti-COVID-19 antibody: ELISA, Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB)
• Application Notes: WB: 1 ug/mL; IF: 1 ug/mL. ; IHC: 0.2ug/ml; Antibody validated: Immunofluorescence and Western blot in human samples. Immunohisochemistry and immunofuorescence in COVID-19 patient samples. SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike antibody can be used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike protein in ELISA. It will detect 4 ng of free peptide at 1 ug/mL.; ; The immunogen for this is within the last 50 aa of the spike protein - a peptide corresponding to 20 amino acids near the carboxy terminus of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike glycoprotein. The Extracellular domain (ECD) is from aa 1 to 1208 (full length 1273aa). Therefore, this antibody detects the transmembrane and cytoplasm domains at the C terminus, but does not detect the ECD (which is the region expressed in many commercially available spike proteins). MBS150780 can be used for the detection of full length spike protein and spike protein in COVID-19 patient samples All other applications and species not yet tested.
• Offical Symbol: S
• Conjugation: Unconjugated
• Immunogen: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19, 2019-nCoV) Spike antibody (MBS150780) was raised against apeptide corresponding to 20 amino acids near the carboxy terminus of SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19, 2019-nCoV) Spike glycoprotein.; The immunogen is located within the last 50 amino acids of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19, 2019-nCoV) Spike protein.
• Homology: Predicted reactivity based on immunogen sequence: SARS-CoV Spike proteins: (100%)
• Protein GI NO.: 1791269090
• Preparation and Storage: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19, 2019-nCoV) Spike antibody can be stored at 4°C for three months and -20°C, stable for up to one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(Figure 1 Immunohistochemistry Validation of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike in COVID-19 Patient Lung Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded COVID-19 patient lung tissue using anti-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 antibody (MBS150780))

Immunofluorescence (IF)

(Figure 2 Immunofluorescent Validation of MBS150780 in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Nose and Tonsil (Singh et al., Nature Microbiology, 2021) Multi-label confocal immunofluorescence microscopy of nasal epithelium (20X-b, 63xh) and tonsil (20X-c,63X-i) from rhesus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibodies, MBS150780. (turquoise), DAPI (blue). Rabbit IgG isotype control antibody was used to stain the tissues to rule out any nonspecific staining (e, f).)

Immunofluorescence (IF)

(Figure 3 Immunofluorescent Validation of MBS150780 in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Lung Tissue (Singh et al., Nature Microbiology, 2021) Multilabel confocal immunofluorescence microscopy of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung sections from rhesus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibodies, MBS150780. (k-s) (turquoise); Ki67 (magenta) and neutrophil marker CD66abce (yellow) (k-m); pan-macrophage marker CD68 (magenta) (n-p); HLA-DR (magenta) and pDC marker CD123 (yellow) (q–s) and DAPI (blue).)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(Figure 4 Immunohistochemistry Validation of SARSCoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike in COVID-19 Patient Lung Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded COVID-19 patient lung tissue using anti-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 antibody (MBS150780, 0.5 ug/mL). Tissue was fixed with formaldehyde and blocked with 10% serum for 1 h at RT; antigen retrieval was by heat mediation with a citrate buffer (pH6). Samples were incubated with primary antibody overnight at 4°C. A goat anti-rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) at 1/250 was used as secondary. Counter stained with Hematoxylin. Strong spike protein signal was observed in macrophages and airway epithelium of COVID-19 patient lung, but not in non-COVID-19 patient lung.)

Immunohistochmistry (IHC)

(Figure 5 Immunohistochemistry Validation of SARSCoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike in COVID-19 Patient Lung Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded COVID-19 patient lung tissue using anti-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 antibody (MBS150780, 0.5 ug/mL). Tissue was fixed with formaldehyde and blocked with 10% serum for 1 h at RT; antigen retrieval was by heat mediation with a citrate buffer (pH6). Samples were incubated with primary antibody overnight at 4°C. A goat anti-rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) at 1/250 was used as secondary. Counter stained with Hematoxylin. Strong spike protein signal wasobserved in macrophages of COVID-19 patient lung.)

Immunohistochemistrty/Immunofluorescence (IHC/IF)

(Figure 6 IHC/IF Validation in COVID-19 Patient Sample (Nuovo et al., 2020) Detection of SARS-CoV-2 proteins in nasopharyngeal swab cell preparations. B. An intense signal for covid-19 spike protein tested by SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies (MBS150780) was observed in the glandular cells. F-H. Co-expression of spike detected by spike antibodies (MBS150780, 0.2 ug/mL) and envelope proteins detected by envelope antibodies (MBS150849, 2 ug/mL) of SARSCoV- 2 (F) documented localization of each protein to glandular cells (G, yellow). No signal was seen in oral swabs of positive cases (H). Both the spike and envelope protein detected by anti-spike antibodies (MBS150780) and anti-envelope antibodies (MBS150849,) produced a signal in the nasopharyngeal swabs of the three cases and no signal was evident in the nasopharyngeal swabs of the seven controls.)

Immunofluorescence (IF)

(Figure 7 IF Validation of SARS-CoV2 Spike in COVID-19 Patient Lung (Magro et al., 2020) SARS-CoV2 spike protein (red, panel C) detected detected by anti-spike antibodies (MBS150780, 0.2 ug/mL) colocalized with C4d (green in panel d, merged in yellow). Spike protein (red, panel g) was also colocalized with C5b-9 (green in panel f&h, merged in yellow))

Immunofluorescence (IF)

(Figure 8 IF Validation of SARS-CoV2 Spike in COVID-19 Patient Skin (Magro et al., 2020) C4d is highlighted green while COVID-19 spike protein detected by anti-spike antibodies (MBS150780, 0.2 ug/mL) shows a red staining pattern; a yellow signal is discernible indicative of co-localization of C4d and viral protein within the microvasculature.)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(Figure 9 IHC Validation of SARS-CoV2 Spike in the Nasopharyngeal Swab Sample of the COVID-19 Patient Strong spike signal was detected by anti-spike antibodies (MBS150780, 0.2 ug/mL) in the nasopharyngeal swab sample of the COVID-19 patient and no spike signal was observed in the sample of the COVID-19 negative patient. COVID-19 cases were confirmed by PCR. (Courtesy of Dr. Nuovo Gerard J., OSU))

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(Figure 10 IHC Validation of SARS-CoV2 Spike in COVID-19 Patient Lung Strong spike signal was detected by anti-spike antibodies (MBS150780, 0.2 ug/mL) in the lung of the COVID-19 patient confirmed by PCR. (Courtesy of Dr. Nuovo Gerard J., OSU))

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(Figure 11 IHC Validation of SARS-CoV2 Spike in COVID-19 Patient Brain Spike protein was detected by anti-spike antibodies (MBS150780, 0.2 ug/mL) in the brain of the COVID-19 patient confirmed by PCR. (Courtesy of Dr. Nuovo Gerard J., OSU))

Western Blot (WB)

(Figure 12 Overexpression Validation in Spike Transfected 293 Cells Loading: 15 ug per lane of 293 cell lysate. Antibodies: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike, 3525 (1 ug/mL), 1h incubation at RT in 5% NFDM/TBST. Secondary: Goat anti rabbit IgG HRP conjugate at 1:10000 dilution. Lane 1: WT293 cells and Lane 2: SARS-CoV-2 Spike overexpressed 293 cells.)

Related Product Information for anti-COVID-19 antibody

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019/20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

Product Categories/Family for anti-COVID-19 antibody

Infectious Disease Research; Polyclonal Antibodies; Rabbit IgGs for Coronavirus; Anti-Spike Protein (SARS-CoV-2) Polyclonal Antibody

References

1) Gorbalenya. bioRxiv: 2020.
2) Hui et al. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;91:264-266.
3) Belouzard et al. Viruses. 2012;4(6):1011-33.
4) Lee et al. J Virol. 2006;80(8):4079-87.
5) Wan et al. J Virol. 2020.
6) Wrapp et al. Science. 2020.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GeneID: 43740568
• NCBI Official Full Name: Spike glycoprotein

Uniprot Description

S1 attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with human ACE2 and CLEC4M/DC-SIGNR, initiating the infection. Binding to the receptor and internalization of the virus into the endosomes of the host cell probably induces conformational changes in the S glycoprotein. Proteolysis by cathepsin CTSL may unmask the fusion peptide of S2 and activate membranes fusion within endosomes.