Testing Data
Endothelial Tube Formation Assay (In Vitro Angiogenesis Assay) Assay Kit
Endothelial Tube Formation Assay (In Vitro Angiogenesis Assay)
Synonyms
Endothelial Tube Formation Assay (In Vitro Angiogenesis Assay); Endothelial Tube Formation Assay (In Vitro Angiogenesis Assay) assay kit
Dry Ice Shipment
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Preparation and Storage
Store all components at -20 degree C until their expiration dates.
Testing Data
Testing Data
Testing Data #2
Testing Data #2
Related Product Information for Endothelial Tube Formation Assay (In Vitro Angiogenesis Assay) assay kit
Background: Angiogenesis, or neovascularization, is the process of generating new blood vessels derived as extensions from the existing vasculature. The principal cells involved are endothelial cells, which line all blood vessels and constitute virtually the entirety of capillaries. Angiogenesis involves multiple steps; to achieve new blood vessel formation, endothelial cells must first escape from their stable location by breaking through the basement membrane. Once this is achieved, endothelial cells migrate toward an angiogenic stimulus such as might be released from tumor cells or wound-associated macrophages. In addition, endothelial cells proliferate to provide the necessarynumber of cells for making a new vessel. Subsequent to this proliferation, the new outgrowth of endothelial cells needs to reorganize into a three-dimensionally tubular structure. Each of these elements, basement membrane disruption, cell migration, cell proliferation, and tube formation, can be a target for intervention, and each can be tested in vitro and in vivo. Several in vivo assay systems, including the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, an in vivo Matrigel plug assay, and the corneal angiogenesis assay, have been developed that permit amore realistic appraisal of the angiogenic response. However, these assays are time consuming, tedious and require technical specialties. One quick assessment of angiogenesis is the measurement of the ability of endothelial cells to form three-dimensional structures (tube formation). Endothelial cells form tubes on collagen or fibrin clot coated dishes after several days. Endothelial Tube Formation Assay Kit utilizes ECM (extracellular matrix) gel prepared from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) tumor cells. Endothelial tube formation on ECM gel closely mimics the in vivo environment and may be used to test angiogenesis inhibitors before in vivo testing. Endothelial Tube Formation Assay Kit provides a robust system to assess angiogenesis in vitro. Tube formation can be achieved within 18 hours. Following staining the tube with the provided fluorescence dye, the extent of tube formation, such as average tube length and branch point, can be quantified through imaging software. Each kit provides sufficient quantities to perform up to 50 assays in 96-well plates.
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References
1. Grant DS, Kleinman HK, Leblond CP, Inoue S, Chung AE, Martin GR (1985) Am J Anat 174:387-398.
2. Jain RK, Schlenger K, Hõckel M, Yuan F (1997) Nat Med 3:1203-1208.
3. Auerbach R, Auerbach W, Polakowski I (1991) Pharmacol Ther 51:1-11.
4. Auerbach R, Akhtar N, Lewis RL, Shinners BL (2000) Cancer Metastasis Rev 19:167-172.
5. Madri JA, Pratt BM, Tucker AM (1988) J Cell Biol 106:1375-1384.
1. Zhang, J. et al. (2015). Effects of bioactive cements incorporating zinc-bioglass nanoparticles on odontogenic and angiogenic potential of human dental pulp cells. J Biomater Appl. 29:954-964.
2. Pessôa, B. S. et al. (2015). Effect of a stable angiotensin-(1-7) analogue on progenitor cell recruitment and cardiovascular function post myocardial infarction. J Am Heart Assoc. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.114.001510.
3. Lee, S. J. et al. (2014). Statins, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, potentiate the anti-angiogenic effects of bevacizumab by suppressing angiopoietin2, BiP, and Hsp90alpha in human colorectal cancer Br J Cancer. 111-497-505.
4. Shin, M.R. et al. (2014). TNF-alpha and LPS activate angiogenesis via VEGF and SIRT1 signaling in human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J. 10.1111/iej.12396.
5. Edwards, A.K. et al. (2014). A peptide inhibitor of synuclein-gamma reduces neovascularization of human endometriotic lesions. Mol Hum Reprod. 20:1002-1008.
6. Cai, X. et al. (2013). Serum amyloid A stimulates cultured endothelial cells to migrate and proliferate: inhibition by the multikinase inhibitor BIBF1120. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 40:662-670.
7. Yu, J.G. et al. (2013). Baroreflex deficiency hampers angiogenesis after myocardial infarction via acetylcholine-alpha7-nicotinic ACh receptor in rats. Eur. Heart J. 34:2412-2420.
8. Bid, H. et al. (2013). Dual targeting of the Type 1 Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor and its ligands as an effective antiangiogenic strategy. Clin. Cancer Res. 19: 2984-2994.
9. Cai, C. et al. (2012). SIVmac239-Nef down-regulates cell surface expression of CXCR4 in tumor cells and inhibits proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Anticancer Res. 23:2759-2768.
10. Bid, H. et al. (2012). Potent inhibition of angiogenesis by the IGF-1 receptor-targeting antibody SCH717454 is reversed by IGF-2. Mol. Cancer Ther. 11: 649-659.
11. Spencer, M. et al. (2011). Adipose tissue extracellular matrix and vascular abnormalities in obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 96:E1990-1998.
12. Wang, C. et al. (2010). Rosuvastatin, identified from a zebrafish chemical genetic screen for antiangiogenic compounds, suppresses the growth of prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 58:418-426.
13. Weskamp, G. et al. (2010). Pathological neovascularization is reduced by inactivation of ADAM17 in endothelial cells but not in pericytes. Circ. Res. 106:932-940.
14. Hirata, H. et al. (2010). Role of secreted Frizzled-related protein3 in human renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 70:1896-1905.
15. Alfano, R.W. et al. (2009). Matrix metalloproteinase-activated anthrax lethal toxin inhibits endothelial invasion and neovasculature formation during in vitro morphogenesis. Mol. Cancer Res. 7:452-461.
16. Masamune, A. et al. (2008). Hypoxia stimulates pancreatic stellate cells to induce fibrosis and angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 295:G709-G717.
17. Zou, L. et al. (2007). Rapid xenograft tumor progression in beta-arrestin1 transgenic mice due to enhanced tumor angiogenesis. FASEB J. 22:355-364.
18. Nogueras, S. et al. (2007). Coupling of endothelial injury and repair. an analysis using an in vivo experimental model. Am J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 294:H708-H713.
2. Jain RK, Schlenger K, Hõckel M, Yuan F (1997) Nat Med 3:1203-1208.
3. Auerbach R, Auerbach W, Polakowski I (1991) Pharmacol Ther 51:1-11.
4. Auerbach R, Akhtar N, Lewis RL, Shinners BL (2000) Cancer Metastasis Rev 19:167-172.
5. Madri JA, Pratt BM, Tucker AM (1988) J Cell Biol 106:1375-1384.
1. Zhang, J. et al. (2015). Effects of bioactive cements incorporating zinc-bioglass nanoparticles on odontogenic and angiogenic potential of human dental pulp cells. J Biomater Appl. 29:954-964.
2. Pessôa, B. S. et al. (2015). Effect of a stable angiotensin-(1-7) analogue on progenitor cell recruitment and cardiovascular function post myocardial infarction. J Am Heart Assoc. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.114.001510.
3. Lee, S. J. et al. (2014). Statins, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, potentiate the anti-angiogenic effects of bevacizumab by suppressing angiopoietin2, BiP, and Hsp90alpha in human colorectal cancer Br J Cancer. 111-497-505.
4. Shin, M.R. et al. (2014). TNF-alpha and LPS activate angiogenesis via VEGF and SIRT1 signaling in human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J. 10.1111/iej.12396.
5. Edwards, A.K. et al. (2014). A peptide inhibitor of synuclein-gamma reduces neovascularization of human endometriotic lesions. Mol Hum Reprod. 20:1002-1008.
6. Cai, X. et al. (2013). Serum amyloid A stimulates cultured endothelial cells to migrate and proliferate: inhibition by the multikinase inhibitor BIBF1120. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 40:662-670.
7. Yu, J.G. et al. (2013). Baroreflex deficiency hampers angiogenesis after myocardial infarction via acetylcholine-alpha7-nicotinic ACh receptor in rats. Eur. Heart J. 34:2412-2420.
8. Bid, H. et al. (2013). Dual targeting of the Type 1 Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor and its ligands as an effective antiangiogenic strategy. Clin. Cancer Res. 19: 2984-2994.
9. Cai, C. et al. (2012). SIVmac239-Nef down-regulates cell surface expression of CXCR4 in tumor cells and inhibits proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Anticancer Res. 23:2759-2768.
10. Bid, H. et al. (2012). Potent inhibition of angiogenesis by the IGF-1 receptor-targeting antibody SCH717454 is reversed by IGF-2. Mol. Cancer Ther. 11: 649-659.
11. Spencer, M. et al. (2011). Adipose tissue extracellular matrix and vascular abnormalities in obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 96:E1990-1998.
12. Wang, C. et al. (2010). Rosuvastatin, identified from a zebrafish chemical genetic screen for antiangiogenic compounds, suppresses the growth of prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 58:418-426.
13. Weskamp, G. et al. (2010). Pathological neovascularization is reduced by inactivation of ADAM17 in endothelial cells but not in pericytes. Circ. Res. 106:932-940.
14. Hirata, H. et al. (2010). Role of secreted Frizzled-related protein3 in human renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 70:1896-1905.
15. Alfano, R.W. et al. (2009). Matrix metalloproteinase-activated anthrax lethal toxin inhibits endothelial invasion and neovasculature formation during in vitro morphogenesis. Mol. Cancer Res. 7:452-461.
16. Masamune, A. et al. (2008). Hypoxia stimulates pancreatic stellate cells to induce fibrosis and angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 295:G709-G717.
17. Zou, L. et al. (2007). Rapid xenograft tumor progression in beta-arrestin1 transgenic mice due to enhanced tumor angiogenesis. FASEB J. 22:355-364.
18. Nogueras, S. et al. (2007). Coupling of endothelial injury and repair. an analysis using an in vivo experimental model. Am J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 294:H708-H713.
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Product Notes
The Endothelial Tube Formation Assay (In Vitro Angiogenesis Assay) (Catalog #AAA168234) is an Assay Kit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "Endothelial Tube Formation Assay (In Vitro Angiogenesis Assay), Assay Kit" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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