Human Annexin A1 ELISA Kit | ANXA1 elisa kit
Annexin A1 ELISA
Principle of the Assay: In the Human Annexin A1 ELISA, standards and samples are incubated in microplate wells pre-coated with polyclonal anti-human annexin A1 antibody. After 60 minutes incubation followed by washing, biotin-labelled polyclonal anti-human annexin A1 antibody is added and incubated with the captured annexin A1 for 60 minutes. After another washing, streptavidin-HRP conjugate is added. After 30 minutes incubation and the last washing step, the remaining conjugate is allowed to react with the substrate solution (TMB). The reaction is stopped by addition of acidic solution and absorbance of the resulting yellow product is measured. The absorbance is proportional to the concentration of annexin A1. A standard curve is constructed by plotting absorbance values against concentrations of standards and concentrations of unknown samples are determined using this standard curve.
Background/Introduction: The annexin superfamily is composed of 12 members in humans [1], characterized by the unique Ca2+-binding-site architecture, which enables them to peripherally attach to negatively charged membrane surfaces [2,3]. Annexin A1 (AnxA1), also known as annexin I or lipocortin I, was characterized as a glucocorticoid-regulated anti-inflammatory protein [4,5]. This 37-kDa protein is comprised of a homologous core region of 310 amino acid residues, representing almost 90% of the structure, attached to a unique N-terminal region [3]. AnxA1 is a Ca2+-regulated phospholipid-binding protein [6]. To mediate membrane binding, Ca2+ ions can induce a conformational change that leads to the exposure of the bioactive N-terminal domain [3,7,8]. The different functions of AnxA1 lie within the unique N-terminus [9]. AnxA1 is expressed in several tissues and involved in different cell processes including cell survival, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and migration [10]. AnxA1 can be nuclear, cytoplasmic and/or membrane-associated [2,11,12]. Depending on the human tissue/cell line, AnxA1 can be cleaved at different positions by different proteases [6]. The membrane-associated AnxA1 can be proteolytically cleaved to become accessible to its cognate partners, the formyl-peptide receptors (FPRs) [6]. The AnxA1/FPR complex has been found to be involved in inflammation [5], neuroendocrine system regulation [13], skeletal muscle differentiation [14] and cancer progression [15]. To date, FPRs are the only known receptors of externalized AnxA1 [6]. As these receptors can be activated or silenced by a variety of synthetic ligands, they represent an attractive family of pharmacological targets [16].
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene encodes a membrane-localized protein that binds phospholipids. This protein inhibits phospholipase A2 and has anti-inflammatory activity. Loss of function or expression of this gene has been detected in multiple tumors. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]
Uniprot Description
ANXA1: a calcium/phospholipid-binding protein with which promotes membrane fusion and is involved in endocytosis. Has anti-inflammatory properties and inhibits phospholipase A2 activity. Accumulates on internalized vesicles after EGF-stimulated endocytosis, suggesting that it may be required for a late stage in inward vesiculation. Phosphorylated by PKC, EGFR and Chak1. Phosphorylation results in loss of the inhibitory activity. Annexins are a family of structurally related proteins whose common property is calcium-dependent binding to phospholipids. There are at least ten different annexins in mammalian species. Annexins do not contain signal peptides, yet some annexins (A1, A2 and A5) appear to be secreted in a physiologically regulated fashion.
Protein type: Calcium-binding; Lipid-binding
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 9q21.13
Cellular Component: extracellular space; protein complex; focal adhesion; cell surface; mast cell granule; basolateral plasma membrane; extracellular region; cornified envelope; cilium; cytoplasm; mitochondrial membrane; plasma membrane; nucleus; vesicle; endosome; sarcolemma
Molecular Function: protein binding, bridging; protein homodimerization activity; calcium-dependent phospholipid binding; phospholipase A2 inhibitor activity; calcium ion binding; calcium-dependent protein binding; helicase activity; protein binding; single-stranded RNA binding; double-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase activity; phospholipid binding; structural molecule activity; single-stranded DNA binding; receptor binding
Biological Process: prostate gland development; response to drug; response to peptide hormone stimulus; positive regulation of neutrophil apoptosis; gliogenesis; positive regulation of vesicle fusion; alpha-beta T cell differentiation; arachidonic acid secretion; neutrophil homeostasis; signal transduction; endocrine pancreas development; response to estradiol stimulus; DNA duplex unwinding; regulation of cell proliferation; keratinocyte differentiation; cell surface receptor linked signal transduction; insulin secretion; DNA strand renaturation; peptide cross-linking; cell motility; inflammatory response; response to X-ray; positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process; negative regulation of apoptosis
Research Articles on ANXA1
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Product Notes
The Human ANXA1 anxa1 (Catalog #AAA495574) is an ELISA Kit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The AAA495574 ELISA Kit recognizes Human ANXA1. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "Annexin A1, ELISA Kit" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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