TWSG1 recombinant protein

TWSG1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His Tag)

Cat. Num. AAA8122575

• Gene Names: Twsg1; Tsg; Twg; AW552143; D17Ertd403e; 1810013J15Rik; 9030422N06Rik
• Purity: >93% as determined by SDS-PAGE
• Synonyms: TWSG1; TWSG1 Protein; Mouse; Recombinant (His Tag); Mouse TWSG1 Protein (His Tag); 1810013J15Rik Protein; 9030422N06Rik Protein; AW552143 Protein; D17Ertd403e Protein; Tsg Protein; Twg Protein; twisted gastrulation homolog 1 (Drosophila); TWSG1 recombinant protein

• Host: HEK293 Cells
• Purity/Purification: >93% as determined by SDS-PAGE
• Form/Format: Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH7.4. Normally 5%-8% trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween80 are added as protectants before lyophilization. Please refer to the specific buffer information in the hard copy of CoA.
• Sequence: Met1-Phe222

• Species: Mouse
• Endotoxin: <1.0EU per ug of the protein as determined by the LAL method
• Predicted N Terminal: Cys 25
• Tag: C-His
• Protein Construction: A DNA sequence encoding the mouse TWSG1 (Q9EP52)(Met 1-Phe 222) was expressed, with a C-terminal polyhistidine tag.
• Reconstitution: A hardcopy of COA with reconstitution instruction is sent along with the products. Please refer to it for detailed information.
• Preparation and Storage: Samples are stable for up to twelve months from date of receipt at -20 degree C to -80 degree C. Store it under sterile conditions at -20 degree C to -80 degree C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.; In general, recombinant proteins are provided as lyophilized powder which are shipped at ambient temperature. Bulk packages of recombinant proteins are provided as frozen liquid.; They are shipped out with blue ice.

SDS-Page

Related Product Information for TWSG1 recombinant protein

Background: TWSG1 belongs to the twisted gastrulation protein family. TWSG1 from different species are functionally equivalent. In contrast to Drosophila where TWSG1 expression is limited to early embryos, expression of TWSG1 is found throughout mouse and human development. Mutations in the TWSG1 gene cause at least some of the cells on the dorsal half of the embryo to adopt more ventral cell fates. This is thought to involve gradients of the signaling molecule decapentaplegic. TWSG1 may function as a bone morphogenetic protein signalling agonist or antagonize these activities. It can dislodge latent bone morphogenetic proteins and thus provides a permissive signal that allows high BMP signaling in the embryo. TWSG1 is a cofactor in the antagonism of chordin to BMP signaling. It also binds both the vertebrate Decapentaplegic ortholog BMP4 and chordin and forms ternary complexes. Meanwhile, TWSG1 increases binding of chordin to BMP4, potentiates the ability of chordin to induce secondary axes in Xenopus embryos, and enhances chordin cleavage by vertebrate proteases related to tolloid at a site poorly used in the absence of TWSG1. The presence of TWSG1 enhances the secondary axis-inducing activity of 2 products of chordin cleavage.

References

Tzachanis D, et al. (2007) Twisted gastrulation (Tsg) is regulated by Tob and enhances TGF-beta signaling in activated T lymphocytes. J Immunol. Blood. 109 (7): 2944-52.Tanno T, et al. (2009) Identification of TWSG1 as a second novel erythroid regulator of hepcidin expression in murine and human cells. Blood. 114 (1): 181-6.Kauvar EF, et al. (2011) Minimal evidence for a direct involvement of twisted gastrulation homolog 1 (TWSG1) gene in human holoprosencephaly. Mol Genet Metab. 102 (4): 470-80.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 12746428
• NCBI GeneID: 65960
• NCBI Accession #: NP_075540.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_023053.3
• UniProt Accession #: Q9EP52; Q8CCB1; Q8CEM6; Q99K77; Q9ERN7
• Molecular Weight: 24,801 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: twisted gastrulation protein homolog 1
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: twisted gastrulation homolog 1 (Drosophila)
• NCBI Official Symbol: Twsg1
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: Tsg; Twg; AW552143; D17Ertd403e; 1810013J15Rik; 9030422N06Rik
• NCBI Protein Information: twisted gastrulation protein homolog 1
• UniProt Protein Name: Twisted gastrulation protein homolog 1
• Protein Family: Twisted gastrulation protein
• UniProt Gene Name: Twsg1
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: Tsg
• UniProt Entry Name: TWSG1_MOUSE

Uniprot Description

Function: May be involved in dorsoventral axis formation. Seems to antagonize BMP signaling by forming ternary complexes with CHRD and BMPs, thereby preventing BMPs from binding to their receptors. In addition to the anti-BMP function, also has pro-BMP activity, partly mediated by cleavage and degradation of CHRD, which releases BMPs from ternary complexes. May be an important modulator of BMP-regulated cartilage development and chondrocyte differentiation. May play a role in thymocyte development. Ref.6 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.10

Subunit structure: Interacts with CHRD and/or BMP4. This interaction enhances CHRD/BMP4 complex formation. Interacts with BMP7. Ref.1 Ref.6 Ref.9

Subcellular location: Secreted

By similarity.

Tissue specificity: Expressed in lymph node, liver, kidney, and lung. Expression in the kidney was stronger in the medulla than in the cortex, particularly in the cells surrounding the medullary tubules. Expressed in growth plate cartilage of long bones, ribs, and digits and to a lesser extent also in the resting zone of the epiphysis, trabecular bone, and vertebral cartilage. Expression seems to be absent from other skeletal tissues including muscle, skin, and fibroblasts. Ref.10

Developmental stage: Expressed at all embryonic stages examined. Expression was low and distribution was diffuse. At the primitive streak stage, detected in the extraembryonic region. Signal first appeared in the embryo during the neural plate stage. Stronger and more localized expression is seen after embryonic turning. Higher expression is seen in the branchial arch mesenchyme, the endoderm of the developing pharynx, all levels of the developing gut, the myotome compartment of the somites, and some regions of surface ectoderm. At 8.25 and 9.0 dpc expressed in head mesenchyme and ventral mesoderm. Ref.6 Ref.9

Domain: The N-terminal domain is sufficient to interact with BMP4

By similarity.

Disruption phenotype: Embryonic lethality and sirenomelia were observed only in BMP null embryos in which one or two copies of TSG were also missing. When TSG and BMP7 are mutated, the siren phenotype results from the fusion of the limb buds in the ventroposterior midline owing to a paucity of posterior ventral mesoderm. Ref.9

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the twisted gastrulation protein family.