Rabbit Kv4.2/KCND2 Polyclonal Antibody | anti-Kv4.2/KCND2 antibody

Phospho-Kv4.2/KCND2 (Ser616) Antibody

Cat. Num. AAA9614075

• Gene Names: KCND2; RK5; KV4.2
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat; Predicted Reactivity: Bovine (100%), Rabbit (100%), Dog (100%), Chicken (100%)
• Applications: Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, ELISA
• Purity: The antibody is from purified rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho-peptide and non-phospho-peptide affinity columns.
• Synonyms: Kv4.2/KCND2; Polyclonal Antibody; Phospho-Kv4.2/KCND2 (Ser616) Antibody; KCD2; KCND 2; KCND2; KCND2_HUMAN; KIAA1044; MGC119702; MGC119703; Potassium voltage gated channel Shal related subfamily member 2; Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2; RK 5; RK5; Voltage gated potassium channel Kv4.2; Voltage gated potassium channel subunit Kv4.2; Voltage sensitive potassium channel; Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kv4.2; anti-Kv4.2/KCND2 antibody

• Host: Rabbit
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat; Predicted Reactivity: Bovine (100%), Rabbit (100%), Dog (100%), Chicken (100%)
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Isotype: Rabbit IgG
• Specificity: Phospho-Kv4.2/KCND2 (Ser616) Antibody detects endogenous levels of Kv4.2/KCND2 only when phosphorylated at Ser616.; Tissue Specificity: Detected in ovary, in corpus luteum and in granulosa and theca cells in the follicle (at protein level). Highly expressed throughout the brain. Detected in amygdala, caudate nucleus, cerebellum, hippocampus, substantia nigra and thalamus. Expression is not detectable or very low in heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas and skeletal muscle. Not detectable in human heart atrium.
• Purity/Purification: The antibody is from purified rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho-peptide and non-phospho-peptide affinity columns.
• Form/Format: Liquid. Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline, pH7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
• Concentration: 1mg/ml (varies by lot)

• Applicable Applications for anti-Kv4.2/KCND2 antibody: Western Blot (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Peptide ELISA (EIA)
• Application Notes: WB: 1:1000-3000; IHC: 1:50-1:200; Peptide ELISA: 1:20,000-1:40,000
• Immunogen: A synthesized peptide derived from human Kv4.2/KCND2 around the phosphorylation site of Ser616.
• Conjugation: Unconjugated
• Fragment: Fab fragment
• Post Translational Modifications: Phosphorylation at Ser-438 in response to MAPK activation is increased in stimulated dendrites. Interaction with KCNIP2 and DPP6 propomtes phosphorylation by PKA at Ser-552. Phosphorylation at Ser-552 has no effect on interaction with KCNIP3, but is required for the regulation of channel activity by KCNIP3. Phosphorylation at Ser-552 leads to KCND2 internalization (By similarity). Phosphorylated by MAPK in response to signaling via the metabotropic glutamate receptor GRM5 (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-616 is required for the down-regulation of neuronal A-type currents in response to signaling via GRM5 (By similarity).
• Subunit Structure: Homotetramer or heterotetramer with KCND1 or KCND3. Associates with the regulatory subunits KCNIP1, KCNIP2, KCNIP3 and KCNIP4. In vivo, probably exists as heteromeric complex containing variable proportions of KCND1, KCND2, KCND3, KCNIP1, KCNIP2, KCNIP3, KCNIP4, DPP6 and DPP10. The tetrameric channel can associate with up to four regulatory subunits, such as KCNIP2 or KCNIP4. Interaction with four KCNIP4 chains does not reduce interaction with DPP10. Interacts with DLG4 and NCS1/FREQ (By similarity). Interacts with DLG1. Probably part of a complex consisting of KCNIP1, KCNIP2 isoform 3 and KCND2. Interacts with FLNA, FLNC, DPP6 and DPP10.
• Similarity: The transmembrane segment S4 functions as voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position. Channel opening and closing is effected by a conformation change that affects the position and orientation of the voltage-sensor paddle formed by S3 and S4 within the membrane. A transmembrane electric field that is positive inside would push the positively charged S4 segment outwards, thereby opening the pore, while a field that is negative inside would pull the S4 segment inwards and close the pore. Changes in the position and orientation of S4 are then transmitted to the activation gate formed by the inner helix bundle via the S4-S5 linker region.The N-terminal cytoplasmic region can mediate N-type inactivation by physically blocking the channel (PubMed:14695263). This probably does not happen in vivo, where the N-terminal region mediates interaction with regulatory subunits, such as KCNIP1 and KCNIP2 (PubMed:15358149). The zinc binding sites in the N-terminal domain are important for tetramerization and assembly of a functional channel complex (By similarity). Most likely, the channel undergoes closed-state inactivation, where a subtle conformation change would render the protein less sensitive to activation.The C-terminal cytoplasmic region is important for normal expression at the cell membrane and modulates the voltage-dependence of channel activation and inactivation (PubMed:16934482). It is required for interaction with KCNIP2, and probably other family members as well (By similarity).Belongs to the potassium channel family. D (Shal) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv4.2/KCND2 sub-subfamily.
• Subcellular Location: Cell membrane>Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell projection>Dendrite. Cell junction>Synapse. Perikaryon. Cell junction>Synapse>Postsynaptic cell membrane. Cell projection>Dendritic spine. Cell junction.; Note: In neurons, primarily detected on dendrites, dendritic spines and on the neuron cell body, but not on axons. Localized preferentially at the dendrites of pyramidal cells in the hippocampus CA1 layer. Detected at GABAergic synapses. Detected at cell junctions that are distinct from synaptic cell contacts. Detected in lipid rafts. Detected primarily at the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi when expressed by itself (PubMed:15454437). Interaction with KCNIP1, KCNIP2, KCNIP3 or KCNIP4 promotes expression at the cell membrane (PubMed:15454437, PubMed:24811166). Interaction with DPP6 or DPP10 promotes expression at the cell membrane (By similarity). Internalized from the cell membrane by clathrin-dependent endocytosis in response to activation of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors and PKA-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-552. Redistributed from dendritic spines to the main dendritic shaft in response to activation of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors and activation of PKA (By similarity).
• Preparation and Storage: Store at -20 degree C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.

Western Blot (WB)

(Western blot analysis of Kv4.2/KCND2 (Phospho-Ser616) using MDA-MB-435 whole cell lysates.-/+ means absence or presence of N peptide（non-phospho peptide) and P peptide(phospho peptide).)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(Staining Rat brain tissue by IHC-P. The sample was formaldehyde fixed and a heat mediated antigen retrieval step in citrate buffer was performed. The sample was then blocked and incubated with the primary antibody at 4 degree C overnight. An HRP conjugated anti-Rabbit antibody was used as the secondary antibody.)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(At 1/100 staining Mouse brain tissue by IHC-P. The sample was formaldehyde fixed and a heat mediated antigen retrieval step in citrate buffer was performed. The sample was then blocked and incubated with the primary antibody at 4 degree C overnight. An HRP conjugated anti-Rabbit antibody was used as the secondary antibody.)

Related Product Information for anti-Kv4.2/KCND2 antibody

Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes, primarily in the brain. Mediates the major part of the dendritic A-type current I (SA) in brain neurons (By similarity). This current is activated at membrane potentials that are below the threshold for action potentials. It regulates neuronal excitability, prolongs the latency before the first spike in a series of action potentials, regulates the frequency of repetitive action potential firing, shortens the duration of action potentials and regulates the back-propagation of action potentials from the neuronal cell body to the dendrites. Contributes to the regulation of the circadian rhythm of action potential firing in suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons, which regulates the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity (By similarity). Functions downstream of the metabotropic glutamate receptor GRM5 and plays a role in neuronal excitability and in nociception mediated by activation of GRM5 (By similarity). Mediates the transient outward current I (to) in rodent heart left ventricle apex cells, but not in human heart, where this current is mediated by another family member. Forms tetrameric potassium-selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane. Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCND2 and KCND3; channel properties depend on the type of pore-forming alpha subunits that are part of the channel. In vivo, membranes probably contain a mixture of heteromeric potassium channel complexes. Interaction with specific isoforms of the regulatory subunits KCNIP1, KCNIP2, KCNIP3 or KCNIP4 strongly increases expression at the cell surface and thereby increases channel activity; it modulates the kinetics of channel activation and inactivation, shifts the threshold for channel activation to more negative voltage values, shifts the threshold for inactivation to less negative voltages and accelerates recovery after inactivation. Likewise, interaction with DPP6 or DPP10 promotes expression at the cell membrane and regulates both channel characteristics and activity (By similarity).

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 38258257
• NCBI GeneID: 3751
• UniProt Accession #: Q9NZV8; O95012; O95021; Q2TBD3; Q9UBY7; Q9UN98; Q9UNH9
• Molecular Weight: 630
• NCBI Official Full Name: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: potassium voltage-gated channel, Shal-related subfamily, member 2
• NCBI Official Symbol: KCND2
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: RK5; KV4.2
• NCBI Protein Information: potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2; voltage-sensitive potassium channel; voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kv4.2
• UniProt Protein Name: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2
• UniProt Gene Name: KCND2
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: KIAA1044
• UniProt Entry Name: KCND2_HUMAN

NCBI Description

Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels represent the most complex class of voltage-gated ion channels from both functional and structural standpoints. Their diverse functions include regulating neurotransmitter release, heart rate, insulin secretion, neuronal excitability, epithelial electrolyte transport, smooth muscle contraction, and cell volume. Four sequence-related potassium channel genes - shaker, shaw, shab, and shal - have been identified in Drosophila, and each has been shown to have human homolog(s). This gene encodes a member of the potassium channel, voltage-gated, shal-related subfamily, members of which form voltage-activated A-type potassium ion channels and are prominent in the repolarization phase of the action potential. This member mediates a rapidly inactivating, A-type outward potassium current which is not under the control of the N terminus as it is in Shaker channels. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Uniprot Description

Kv4.2: Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated rapidly inactivating A-type potassium channels. May contribute to I(To) current in heart and I(Sa) current in neurons. Channel properties are modulated by interactions with other alpha subunits and with regulatory subunits. Belongs to the potassium channel family. D (Shal) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv4.2/KCND2 sub-subfamily.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Channel, potassium

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7q31

Cellular Component: postsynaptic membrane; voltage-gated potassium channel complex; integral to plasma membrane; integral to membrane; plasma membrane; dendritic spine; intrinsic to plasma membrane

Molecular Function: protein binding; voltage-gated potassium channel activity; delayed rectifier potassium channel activity; metal ion binding; A-type (transient outward) potassium channel activity

Biological Process: regulation of action potential; synaptic transmission; protein homooligomerization