Western Blot (WB)
Rabbit anti-Human CXCR4 Polyclonal Antibody | anti-CXCR4 antibody
CXCR4 Antibody
Western Blot (WB)
Western Blot (WB)
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene encodes a CXC chemokine receptor specific for stromal cell-derived factor-1. The protein has 7 transmembrane regions and is located on the cell surface. It acts with the CD4 protein to support HIV entry into cells and is also highly expressed in breast cancer cells. Mutations in this gene have been associated with WHIM (warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis) syndrome. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Uniprot Description
Function: Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation. Acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels. Involved in hematopoiesis and in cardiac ventricular septum formation. Also plays an essential role in vascularization of the gastrointestinal tract, probably by regulating vascular branching and/or remodeling processes in endothelial cells. Involved in cerebellar development. In the CNS, could mediate hippocampal-neuron survival. Acts as a coreceptor (CD4 being the primary receptor) for HIV-1 X4 isolates and as a primary receptor for some HIV-2 isolates. Promotes Env-mediated fusion of the virus. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.6 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.30 Ref.38 Ref.43 Ref.44 Ref.45
Subunit structure: Monomer. Can form dimers. Interacts with CD164. Interacts with HIV-1 surface protein gp120 and Tat. Interacts with ARRB2; the interaction is dependent on the C-terminal phosphorylation of CXCR4 and allows activation of MAPK1 and MAPK3. Interacts with ARRC; the interaction is dependent on the C-terminal phosphorylation of CXCR4 and modulates calcium mobilization. Interacts (via the cytoplasmic C-terminal) with ITCH (via the WW domains I and II); the interaction, enhanced by CXCL12, ubiquitinates CXCR4 and leads to its degradation. Interacts with extracellular ubiquitin. Interacts with human cytomegalovirus/HHV-5 protein UL78. Ref.25 Ref.28 Ref.29 Ref.30 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.33 Ref.37 Ref.39 Ref.42 Ref.43 Ref.44 Ref.45 Ref.47 Ref.48 Ref.50
Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note: In unstimulated cells, diffuse pattern on plasma membrane. On agonist stimulation, colocalizes with ITCH at the plasma membrane where it becomes ubiquitinated. Ref.34 Ref.42
Tissue specificity: Expressed in numerous tissues, such as peripheral blood leukocytes, spleen, thymus, spinal cord, heart, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, cerebellum, cerebral cortex and medulla (in microglia as well as in astrocytes), brain microvascular, coronary artery and umbilical cord endothelial cells. Isoform 1 is predominant in all tissues tested.
Domain: The amino-terminus is critical for ligand binding. Residues in all four extracellular regions contribute to HIV-1 coreceptor activity. Ref.28
Post-translational modification: Phosphorylated on agonist stimulation. Rapidly phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues in the C-terminal. Phosphorylation at Ser-324 and Ser-325 leads to recruitment of ITCH, ubiquitination and protein degradation. Ref.42 Ref.43Ubiquitinated by ITCH at the cell membrane on agonist stimulation. The ubiquitin-dependent mechanism, endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT), then targets CXCR4 for lysosomal degradation. This process is dependent also on prior Ser-/Thr-phosphorylation in the C-terminal of CXCR4. Also binding of ARRB1 to STAM negatively regulates CXCR4 sorting to lysosomes though modulating ubiquitination of SFR5S. Ref.34Sulfation on Tyr-21 is required for efficient binding of CXCL12/SDF-1alpha and promotes its dimerization. Tyr-7 and Tyr-12 are sulfated in a sequential manner after Tyr-21 is almost fully sulfated, with the binding affinity for CXCL12/SDF-1alpha increasing with the number of sulfotyrosines present. Sulfotyrosines Tyr-7 and Tyr-12 occupy clefts on opposing CXCL12 subunits, thus bridging the CXCL12 dimer interface and promoting CXCL12 dimerization.O- and N-glycosylated. Asn-11 is the principal site of N-glycosylation. There appears to be very little or no glycosylation on Asn-176. N-glycosylation masks coreceptor function in both X4 and R5 laboratory-adapted and primary HIV-1 strains through inhibiting interaction with their Env glycoproteins. The O-glycosylation chondroitin sulfate attachment does not affect interaction with CXCL12/SDF-1alpha nor its coreceptor activity. Ref.31 Ref.33
Involvement in disease: WHIM syndrome (WHIM) [MIM:193670]: Immunodeficiency disease characterized by neutropenia, hypogammaglobulinemia and extensive human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Despite the peripheral neutropenia, bone marrow aspirates from affected individuals contain abundant mature myeloid cells, a condition termed myelokathexis.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.35
Miscellaneous: Plerixafor (AMD3100), an antagonist of CXCR4 activity, blocks HIV-1 entry, interaction with CXCL12 and subsequent CXCR4 signaling.
Sequence similarities: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
Caution: Was originally (Ref.1 and Ref.2) thought to be a receptor for neuropeptide Y type 3 (NPY3R) (NPY3-R).
Sequence caution: The sequence CAA12166.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Intron retention.
Research Articles on CXCR4
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Product Notes
The CXCR4 cxcr4 (Catalog #AAA416501) is an Antibody produced from Rabbit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The CXCR4 Antibody reacts with Human and may cross-react with other species as described in the data sheet. AAA Biotech's CXCR4 can be used in a range of immunoassay formats including, but not limited to, Western Blot (WB). Researchers should empirically determine the suitability of the CXCR4 cxcr4 for an application not listed in the data sheet. Researchers commonly develop new applications and it is an integral, important part of the investigative research process. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "CXCR4, Polyclonal Antibody" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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