HO-1 native protein
Natural Rat HO-1 Protein
Scientific Background: Heme-oxygenase is a ubiquitous enzyme that catalyzes the initial and rate-limiting steps in heme catabolism yielding equimolar amounts of biliverdin, iron and carbon monoxide. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin and the free iron is sequestered to ferritin (1). These products have important physiological effects as carbon monoxide is a potent vasodilator; biliverdin and bilirubin are potent antioxidants; and the free iron increases oxidative stress and regulates the expression of many mRNAs (2). There are three isoforms of heme-oxygenase, HO-1, HO-2 and HO-3; however HO-1 and HO-2 are the major isoforms as they both have been identified in mammals (3). HO-1, also known as heat shock protein 32, is an inducible isoform activated by most oxidative stress inducers, cytokines, inflammatory agents and heat shock. HO-2 is a constitutive isoform which is expressed under homeostatic conditions. HO-1 is also considered to be a cytoprotective factor in that free heme is highly reactive and cytotoxic, and secondly, carbon monoxide is a mediator inhibiting the inflammatory process and bilirubin is a scavenger for reactive oxygen, both of which are the end products of heme catalyzation (4). It has also been shown that HO-1 deficiency may cause reduced stress defense, a pro-inflammatory tendency (5), susceptibility to atherosclerotic lesion formation (6), endothelial cell injury, and growth retardation (7). Up-regulation of HO-1 is therefore said to be one of the major defense mechanisms of oxidative stress (4).
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of heme to biliverdin [RGD, Feb 2006]
Uniprot Description
HMOX1: Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed. Heme oxygenase 1 activity is highly inducible by its substrate heme and by various non-heme substances such as heavy metals, bromobenzene, endotoxin, oxidizing agents and UVA. Expressed at higher levels in renal cancer tissue than in normal tissue. Belongs to the heme oxygenase family.
Protein type: EC 1.14.99.3; Oxidoreductase; Cofactor and Vitamin Metabolism - porphyrin and chlorophyll
Cellular Component: caveola; cytosol; endoplasmic reticulum; nucleolus; nucleus; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; plasma membrane
Molecular Function: enzyme binding; heme binding; heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity; phospholipase D activity; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; signal transducer activity
Biological Process: angiogenesis; cell death; cellular iron ion homeostasis; cellular response to nutrient; DNA damage response, signal transduction resulting in induction of apoptosis; erythrocyte homeostasis; healing during inflammatory response; heme catabolic process; heme metabolic process; heme oxidation; iron ion homeostasis; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of DNA binding; negative regulation of mast cell cytokine production; negative regulation of mast cell degranulation; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; negative regulation of transcription factor activity; phospholipid metabolic process; positive regulation of angiogenesis; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; positive regulation of macroautophagy; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; protein homooligomerization; regulation of blood pressure; regulation of transcription factor activity; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to oxidative stress; response to estrogen stimulus; response to hydrogen peroxide; response to hypoxia; response to nicotine; response to oxidative stress; small GTPase mediated signal transduction
Research Articles on HO-1
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Product Notes
The HO-1 hmox1 (Catalog #AAA807878) is a Native Protein and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. AAA Biotech's HO-1 can be used in a range of immunoassay formats including, but not limited to, Western Blot (WB), SDS-PAGE. Researchers should empirically determine the suitability of the HO-1 hmox1 for an application not listed in the data sheet. Researchers commonly develop new applications and it is an integral, important part of the investigative research process. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "HO-1, Native Protein" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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