Background/Introduction: Interleukin-10, also called cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor, is implicated in tumorigenesis, and it has been shown that polymorphisms in its gene promoter correlate with differential amounts of production. IL-10 is an important cytokine with anti-inflammatory, anti-immune, and antifibrotic functions. It is also an important regulatory cytokine whose involvement extends into diverse areas of the human immune system. IL-10 is a recently described natural endogenous immunosuppressive cytokine that has been identified in human, murine, and other organisms. IL-10 significantly affects chemokine biology, because human IL-10 inhibits chemokine production and is a specific chemotactic factor for CD8+ T cells. It suppresses the ability of CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, to migrate in response to IL-8. Interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms and interleukin-10 production capability may contribute to the development of skin squamous cell carcinomas after renal transplantation. The interleukin-10 locus contributes to the heritability of psoriasis susceptibility. With regard to sudden infant death, IL-10 is of special interest. This is an immunoregulatory cytokine that plays an important role in the development of infectious disease. The mIL-10 gene is mapped to mouse chromosome 1 and the hIL-10 gene is also mapped to human chromosome 1.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine produced primarily by monocytes and to a lesser extent by lymphocytes. This cytokine has pleiotropic effects in immunoregulation and inflammation. It down-regulates the expression of Th1 cytokines, MHC class II Ags, and costimulatory molecules on macrophages. It also enhances B cell survival, proliferation, and antibody production. This cytokine can block NF-kappa B activity, and is involved in the regulation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Knockout studies in mice suggested the function of this cytokine as an essential immunoregulator in the intestinal tract. Mutations in this gene are associated with an increased susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and rheumatoid arthritis.[provided by RefSeq, May 2011]
Uniprot Description
IL10: Inhibits the synthesis of a number of cytokines, including IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, TNF and GM-CSF produced by activated macrophages and by helper T-cells. Belongs to the IL-10 family.
Protein type: Cytokine; Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q31-q32
Cellular Component: cytoplasm; extracellular space
Molecular Function: cytokine activity; growth factor activity; interleukin-10 receptor binding; protein binding
Biological Process: aging; B cell differentiation; B cell proliferation; cell-cell signaling; cytoplasmic sequestering of NF-kappaB; defense response to bacterium; defense response to protozoan; hemopoiesis; inflammatory response; leukocyte chemotaxis; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of B cell proliferation; negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus; negative regulation of cytokine secretion during immune response; negative regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process; negative regulation of interferon-gamma production; negative regulation of interleukin-1 production; negative regulation of interleukin-12 production; negative regulation of interleukin-18 production; negative regulation of interleukin-6 production; negative regulation of interleukin-8 production; negative regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis; negative regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process; negative regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation; negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; negative regulation of T cell proliferation; negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process; negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; positive regulation of B cell apoptosis; positive regulation of cytokine secretion; positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade; positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process; positive regulation of transcription factor activity; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; receptor biosynthetic process; regulation of gene expression; regulation of isotype switching; regulation of sensory perception of pain; response to activity; response to drug; response to glucocorticoid stimulus; response to inactivity; response to insulin stimulus; response to molecule of bacterial origin; T-helper 2 type immune response
Disease: Graft-versus-host Disease, Susceptibility To; Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Susceptibility To; Rheumatoid Arthritis
Research Articles on IL10
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Product Notes
The Human IL10 il10 (Catalog #AAA8244574) is an ELISA Kit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The AAA8244574 ELISA Kit recognizes Human IL10. AAA Biotech's IL-10 can be used in a range of immunoassay formats including, but not limited to, Sandwich ELISA (EIA). Researchers should empirically determine the suitability of the IL10 il10 for an application not listed in the data sheet. Researchers commonly develop new applications and it is an integral, important part of the investigative research process. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "IL-10, ELISA Kit" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
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