Human major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 2 (HLA-DQA2) ELISA Kit | HLA-DQA2 elisa kit
Human major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 2, HLA-DQA2 ELISA Kit
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene belongs to the HLA class II alpha chain family. The encoded protein forms a heterodimer with a class II beta chain. It is located in intracellular vesicles and plays a central role in the peptide loading of MHC class II molecules by helping to release the CLIP molecule from the peptide binding site. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages) and are used to present antigenic peptides on the cell surface to be recognized by CD4 T-cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]
Uniprot Description
HLA-DQA2: Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface. In B-cells, the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by HLA-DO. Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO. Lysosomal miroenvironment has been implicated in the regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules, increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and efficient peptide loading. Belongs to the MHC class II family.
Protein type: Receptor, misc.; Membrane protein, integral
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6p21.3
Cellular Component: Golgi membrane; lysosomal membrane; integral to plasma membrane; plasma membrane; trans-Golgi network membrane; endosome membrane; MHC class II protein complex
Molecular Function: MHC class II receptor activity
Biological Process: cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; T cell costimulation; antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II; immune response; T cell receptor signaling pathway
Research Articles on HLA-DQA2
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Product Notes
The Human HLA-DQA2 hla-dqa2 (Catalog #AAA9336220) is an ELISA Kit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The AAA9336220 ELISA Kit recognizes Human HLA-DQA2. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 2 (HLA-DQA2), ELISA Kit" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
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