HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 Recombinant Protein | HLA-DQA2 recombinant protein

Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain

Cat. Num. AAA1265426

• Gene Names: HLA-DQA2; HLA-DXA; DX-ALPHA
• Purity: Greater or equal to 85% purity as determined by SDS-PAGE.
• Synonyms: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen; DQ alpha 2; Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen; DQ alpha 2 chain; DX alpha chainHLA class II histocompatibility antigen; DQ(6) alpha chain; HLA-DQA1; MHC class II DQA2; HLA-DQA2 recombinant protein

• Host: E Coli
• Purity/Purification: Greater or equal to 85% purity as determined by SDS-PAGE.
• Form/Format: Liquid containing glycerol
• Sequence Positions: 24-214aa; Extracellular Domain
• Sequence: EDIVADHVASYGVNFYQSHGPSGQYTHEFDGDEEFYVDLETKETVWQLPMFSKFISFDPQSALRNMAVGKHTLEFMMRQSNSTAATNEVPEVTVFSKFPVTLGQPNTLICLVDNIFPPVVNITWLSNGHSVTEGVSETSFLSKSDHSFFKISYLTFLPSADEIYDCKVEHWGLDEPLLKHWEPEIPAPMSE
• Sequence Length: 255

• Preparation and Storage: Store at -20 degree C, for extended storage, conserve at -20 degree C or -80 degree C.

SDS-PAGE

Related Product Information for HLA-DQA2 recombinant protein

Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents th on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The roval of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface. In B-cells, the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by HLA-DO. Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO. Lysosomal microenvironment has been implicated in the regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules, increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and efficient peptide loading.

Product Categories/Family for HLA-DQA2 recombinant protein

Immunology

References

Class II genes of the human major histocompatibility complex. Comparisons of the DQ and DX alpha and beta genes.Jonsson A.-K., Hyldig-Nielsen J.-J., Servenius B., Larhammar D., Andersson G., Joergensen F., Peterson P.A., Rask L.J. Biol. Chem. 262:8767-8777(1987) Isotypic and allotypic variation of human class II histocompatibility antigen alpha-chain genes.Auffray C., Lillie J.W., Arnot D., Grossberger D., Kappes D., Strominger J.L.Nature 308:327-333(1984) Structure and expression of HLA-DQ alpha and -DX alpha genes interallelic alternate splicing of the HLA-DQ alpha gene and functional splicing of the HLA-DQ alpha gene using a retroviral vector.Auffray C., Lillie J.W., Korman A.J., Boss J.M., Frechin N., Guillemot F., Cooper J., Mulligan R.C., Strominger J.L.Immunogenetics 26:63-73(1987) The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.Mungall A.J., Palmer S.A., Sims S.K., Edwards C.A., Ashurst J.L., Wilming L., Jones M.C., Horton R., Hunt S.E., Scott C.E., Gilbert J.G.R., Clamp M.E., Bethel G., Milne S., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Andrews T.D., Ashwell R.I.S., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Banerjee R., Barker D.J., Barlow K.F., Bates K., Beare D.M., Beasley H., Beasley O., Bird C.P., Blakey S.E., Bray-Allen S., Brook J., Brown A.J., Brown J.Y., Burford D.C., Burrill W., Burton J., Carder C., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clark G., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Cobley V., Collier R.E., Collins J.E., Colman L.K., Corby N.R., Coville G.J., Culley K.M., Dhami P., Davies J., Dunn M., Earthrowl M.E., Ellington A.E., Evans K.A., Faulkner L., Francis M.D., Frankish A., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Ghori M.J., Gilby L.M., Gillson C.J., Glithero R.J., Grafham D.V., Grant M., Gribble S., Griffiths C., Griffiths M.N.D., Hall R., Halls K.S., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Hart E.A., Heath P.D., Heathcott R., Holmes S.J., Howden P.J., Howe K.L., Howell G.R., Huckle E., Humphray S.J., Humphries M.D., Hunt A.R., Johnson C.M., Joy A.A., Kay M., Keenan S.J., Kimberley A.M., King A., Laird G.K., Langford C., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Leversha M., Lloyd C.R., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J.E., Lovell J., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Maslen G.L., Matthews L., McCann O.T., McLaren S.J., McLay K., McMurray A., Moore M.J.F., Mullikin J.C., Niblett D., Nickerson T., Novik K.L., Oliver K., Overton-Larty E.K., Parker A., Patel R., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Phillimore B.J.C.T., Phillips S., Plumb R.W., Porter K.M., Ramsey Y., Ranby S.A., Rice C.M., Ross M.T., Searle S.M., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E., Skuce C.D., Smith S., Smith M., Spraggon L., Squares S.L., Steward C.A., Sycamore N., Tamlyn-Hall G., Tester J., Theaker A.J., Thomas D.W., Thorpe A., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tubby B., Wall M., Wallis J.M., West A.P., White S.S., Whitehead S.L., Whittaker H., Wild A., Willey D.J., Wilmer T.E., Wood J.M., Wray P.W., Wyatt J.C., Young L., Younger R.M., Bentley D.R., Coulson A., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Sulston J.E., Dunham I., Rogers J., Beck S.Nature 425:805-811(2003) Limited polymorphism of the HLA-DQA2 promoter and identification of a variant octamer.Rudy G., Lew A.M.Hum. Immunol. 39:225-229(1994) Ancient roots for polymorphism at the HLA-DQ alpha locus in primates.Gyllensten U.B., Erlich H.A.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86:9986-9990(1989) The nonpolymorphic MHC class II isotype, HLA-DQA2, is expressed on the surface of B lymphoblastoid cells.Rudy G.B., Lew A.M.J. Immunol. 158:2116-2125(1997) Invariant chain structure and MHC class II function.Cresswell P.Cell 84:505-507(1996) Presentation of antigens by MHC class II molecules getting the most out of them.Villadangos J.A.Mol. Immunol. 38:329-346(2001) MHC class II molecules on the move for successful antigen presentation.Rocha N., Neefjes J.EMBO J. 27:1-5(2008) Autophagy in MHC class II presentation sampling from within.Menendez-Benito V., Neefjes J.Immunity 26:1-3(2007) MHC class II transport at a glance.Berger A.C., Roche P.A.J. Cell Sci. 122:1-4(2009) CD74 in antigen presentation, inflammation, and cancers of the gastrointestinal tract.Beswick E.J., Reyes V.E.World J. Gastroenterol. 15:2855-2861(2009) HLA-DQA2 and HLA-DQB2 genes are specifically expressed in human Langerhans cells and encode a new HLA class II molecule.Lenormand C., Bausinger H., Gross F., Signorino-Gelo F., Koch S., Peressin M., Fricker D., Cazenave J.P., Bieber T., Hanau D., de la Salle H., Tourne S.J. Immunol. 188:3903-3911(2012)

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 11095447
• NCBI GeneID: 3118
• NCBI Accession #: NP_064440.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_020056.4
• UniProt Accession #: P01906; O19789; Q5SQ94; Q5SR04; A2BF37; B0V0E7
• Molecular Weight: 25.6 kDa
• NCBI Official Full Name: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 2
• NCBI Official Symbol: HLA-DQA2
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: HLA-DXA; DX-ALPHA
• NCBI Protein Information: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain
• UniProt Protein Name: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain
• Protein Family: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen
• UniProt Gene Name: HLA-DQA2
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: HLA-DXA
• UniProt Entry Name: DQA2_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene belongs to the HLA class II alpha chain family. The encoded protein forms a heterodimer with a class II beta chain. It is located in intracellular vesicles and plays a central role in the peptide loading of MHC class II molecules by helping to release the CLIP molecule from the peptide binding site. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages) and are used to present antigenic peptides on the cell surface to be recognized by CD4 T-cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

Uniprot Description

HLA-DQA2: Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface. In B-cells, the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by HLA-DO. Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO. Lysosomal miroenvironment has been implicated in the regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules, increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and efficient peptide loading. Belongs to the MHC class II family.

Protein type: Receptor, misc.; Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6p21.3

Cellular Component: endosome membrane; Golgi membrane; integral to plasma membrane; lysosomal membrane; MHC class II protein complex; plasma membrane; trans-Golgi network membrane

Molecular Function: MHC class II receptor activity

Biological Process: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II; cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; immune response; T cell costimulation; T cell receptor signaling pathway