HMGB1 / HMG1 recombinant protein

Recombinant Human HMGB1 / HMG1 Protein (Fc tag)

Cat. Num. AAA2546338

• Gene Names: HMGB1; HMG1; HMG3; HMG-1; SBP-1
• Purity: > 97 % as determined by SDS-PAGE
• Synonyms: HMGB1 / HMG1; Recombinant Human HMGB1 / HMG1 Protein (Fc tag); DKFZp686A04236; HMG1; HMG3; SBP-1; HMGB1; HMGB1 / HMG1 recombinant protein

• Host: Human Cells
• Purity/Purification: > 97 % as determined by SDS-PAGE
• Form/Format: Lyophilized from sterile 100mM Glycine, 10mM NaCl, 50mM Tris, pH 7.5
• Sequence Length: 215

• Application Notes: The recombinant human HMGB1/Fc is a disulfide-linked homodimeric protein.The reduced monomer consists of 452 amino acids and has a predictedmolecular mass of 51.5 kDa. As a result of glycosylation, the apparent molecular mass of rhHMGB1/Fc monomer is approximately 55-60 kDa inSDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
• Predicted N Terminal: Glu 20
• Endotoxin: < 1.0 EU per mug of the protein as determined by the LAL method
• Preparation and Storage: Samples are stable for up to twelve months from date of receipt at -70 degree C

SDS-PAGE

Related Product Information for HMGB1 / HMG1 recombinant protein

Background: High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), also known as HMG-1 or amphoterin previously, is a member of the HMGB family consisting of three members, HMGB1, HMGB2 and HMGB3. HMGB1 is a DNA-binding nuclear protein, released actively following cytokine stimulation as well as passively during cell death. It is the prototypic damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and has been implicated in several inflammatory disorders. HMGB1 signals via the receptor for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) and members of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family. The most prominent HMGB1 protein and mRNA expression arthritis is present in pannus regions, where synovial tissue invades articular cartilage and bone. HMGB1 promotes the activity of proteolytic enzymes, and osteoclasts need HMGB1 for functional maturation. As a non-histone nuclear protein, HMGB1 has a dual function. Inside the cell, HMGB1 binds DNA, regulating transcription and determining chromosomal architecture. Outside the cell, HMGB1 can serve as an alarmin to activate the innate system and mediate a wide range of physiological and pathological responses. Extracellular HMGB1 represents an optimal "necrotic marker" selected by the innate immune system to recognize tissue damage and initiate reparative responses. However, extracellular HMGB1 also acts as a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine that contributes to the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory and infectious disorders. HMGB1 has been successfully therapeutically targeted in multiple preclinical models of infectious and sterile diseases including arthritis. As shown in studies on patients as well as animal models, HMGB1 can play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatic disease, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and polymyositis among others. In addition, enhanced postmyocardial infarction remodeling in type 1 diabetes mellitus was partially mediated by HMGB1 activation.

Description: A DNA sequence encoding the human HMGB1 protein (NP_002119.1) (Met 1-Glu 215) was expressed with the fused Fc region of human IgG1 at the N-terminus.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 4504425
• NCBI GeneID: 3146
• NCBI Accession #: NP_002119.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_002128.5
• UniProt Accession #: P09429; Q14321; Q5T7C3; Q6IBE1; A5D8W9
• Molecular Weight: 24,894 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: high mobility group protein B1
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: high mobility group box 1
• NCBI Official Symbol: HMGB1
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: HMG1; HMG3; HMG-1; SBP-1
• NCBI Protein Information: high mobility group protein B1
• UniProt Protein Name: High mobility group protein B1
• UniProt Gene Name: HMGB1
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: HMG1; HMG-1

NCBI Description

This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the High Mobility Group-box superfamily. The encoded non-histone, nuclear DNA-binding protein regulates transcription, and is involved in organization of DNA. This protein plays a role in several cellular processes, including inflammation, cell differentiation and tumor cell migration. Multiple pseudogenes of this gene have been identified. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

Uniprot Description

HMGB1: DNA binding proteins that associates with chromatin and has the ability to bend DNA. Binds preferentially single-stranded DNA. Involved in V(D)J recombination by acting as a cofactor of the RAG complex. Acts by stimulating cleavage and RAG protein binding at the 23 bp spacer of conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS). Heparin-binding protein that has a role in the extension of neurite-type cytoplasmic processes in developing cells. Component of the RAG complex composed of core components RAG1 and RAG2, and associated component HMGB1 or HMGB2. Belongs to the HMGB family.

Protein type: DNA repair, damage; Nuclear receptor co-regulator

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 13q12.3

Cellular Component: cell surface; condensed chromosome; extracellular region; extracellular space; nucleoplasm; nucleus; transcriptional repressor complex

Molecular Function: bubble DNA binding; C-X-C chemokine binding; chemoattractant activity; cytokine activity; damaged DNA binding; DNA bending activity; double-stranded DNA binding; four-way junction DNA binding; lipopolysaccharide binding; lyase activity; phosphatidylserine binding; protein binding; RAGE receptor binding; single-stranded DNA binding; transcription factor activity; transcription factor binding

Biological Process: activation of innate immune response; apoptotic cell clearance; dendritic cell chemotaxis; DNA fragmentation during apoptosis; DNA geometric change; DNA ligation during DNA repair; DNA recombination; DNA topological change; elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; inflammatory response; inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus; innate immune response; myeloid dendritic cell activation; negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation; negative regulation of interferon-gamma production; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly; neurite development; positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of caspase activity; positive regulation of DNA binding; positive regulation of DNA ligation; positive regulation of interleukin-1 secretion; positive regulation of interleukin-10 production; positive regulation of interleukin-12 production; positive regulation of JNK cascade; positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade; positive regulation of mismatch repair; positive regulation of toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; regulation of autophagy; regulation of restriction endodeoxyribonuclease activity; regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell; regulation of tolerance induction; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; T-helper 1 cell differentiation; V(D)J recombination