Goat alpha2-Macroglobulin Polyclonal Antibody | anti-A2M antibody

Goat anti-human alpha2Macroglobulin (alpha2M), Peroxidase Conjugated Affinity-Purified IgG

Cat. Num. AAA512012

• Gene Names: A2M; A2MD; CPAMD5; FWP007; S863-7; DKFZp779B086
• Purity: Affinity purified, peroxidase conj. IgG.; Vial containing ml of affinity-purified IgG conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) through carbohydrate groups. Total protein is 0.1 mg.
• Synonyms: alpha2-Macroglobulin; Polyclonal Antibody; Goat anti-human alpha2Macroglobulin (alpha2M); Peroxidase Conjugated Affinity-Purified IgG; human; anti-A2M antibody

• Host: Goat
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Specificity: Prior to conjugation, this antibody was specific for alpha2M as demonstrated by immunoelectrophoresis and ELISA.
• Purity/Purification: Affinity purified, peroxidase conj. IgG.; Vial containing ml of affinity-purified IgG conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) through carbohydrate groups. Total protein is 0.1 mg.
• Form/Format: APIgG-HRP conjugate as a clear, slightly red-brown liquid.
• Concentration: APIgG-HRP concentration is mg/ml, determined by absorbance using an extinction coefficient (E1%280) of 14. (varies by lot)

• Application Notes: Suitable as a source of peroxidase-labeled antibodies to alpha2M.
• Immunogen: Human alpha2macroglobulin purified from plasma.
• Buffer: A buffered stabilizer solution containing 50% (v/v) glycerol.
• Preparation and Storage: Store between -10 and -20 degree C. Product will become viscous but will not freeze. Avoid storage in frost-free freezers. Keep vial tightly capped. Allow product to warm to roomtemperature and gently mix before use. Avoid exposure to sodium azide as this is an inhibitor of peroxidase activity.

Related Product Information for anti-A2M antibody

alpha2Macroglobulin (alpha2M) is a large proteinase inhibitor molecule of 718,000 daltons, consisting of 4 identical subunits of 185,000 each. Produced in hepatocytes and macrophages, plasma concentrations of alpha2M are typically 2 uM in adults, and as high as 6 uM in childhood. alpha2M has the ability to inhibit most enzymes from the serine, metallo, cysteine and aspartate subclasses. It is not a member of the SERPIN family of inhibitors but belongs to a class of proteins that include pregnancy zone protein (PZP) and the complement proteins C3, C4 and C5. These proteins contain regions of conserved sequence as well as one or more internal beta-cysteinyl-gamma- glutamyl thiolester bonds, which in the case of alpha2M are susceptible to cleavage by enzymes or by nucleophilic compounds such as methylamine or ammonium ions. Although the precise nature of the interactions is as yet unknown, it is generally thought that cleavage of a bait region within the alpha2M molecule by an enzyme leads to a conformational change, which then traps and/or covalently binds the enzyme1,2. The active site of the trapped enzyme is usually still intact and able to cleave small substrates, but is inaccessible to larger natural substrates. The conformational change induced also exposes receptor-binding regions within the molecule, which may be important in the clearance of alpha2M-enzyme complexes from the circulation. It is thought that the main role of alpha2M in vivo is that of a "backup" inhibitor and scavenger of proteinases in blood and in tissues3,4, but it has also been reported to participate in other physiological processes, including regulation of immune function1,2.

References

1. Salvesen G, Pizzo SV; Proteinase Inhibitors: alpha-Macroglobulins, Serpins and Kunins; in Hemostasis and Thrombosis, 3rd Edition, eds. RW Colman, J Hirsh, VJ Marder and EW Salzman, pp. 241-258, J.B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia PA, USA, 1994.
2. Barrett J; alpha2Macroglobulin; Methods in Enzymology, 80, pp 737-754, 1981 Larsson LJ, Neuenschwander DE, Strickland DK; Reaction of Proteinases with alpha2Macroglobulin: Evidence for Alternate Reaction Pathways in the Inhibition of Trypsin; Biochemistry 28, pp 7636-7643, 1989.
3. Schmidt B, Mitchell L, Ofosu FA, Andrew M; alpha2Macroglobulin is an Important Progressive Inhibitor of Thrombin in Neonatal and Infant Plasma; Thromb Haemostas 62, pp 1074-1077, 1989.
4. Hoogendoorn H, Toh CH, Nesheim ME, Giles AR; alpha2Macroglobulin Binds and Inhibits Activated Protein C; Blood 78, pp2283-2290, 1991.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 112911
• NCBI GeneID: 2
• NCBI Accession #: P01023.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: P01023
• UniProt Accession #: P01023; Q13677; Q59F47; Q5QTS0; Q68DN2; Q6PIY3; Q6PN97; Q9BQ22
• Molecular Weight: 163,291 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: Alpha-2-macroglobulin
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: alpha-2-macroglobulin
• NCBI Official Symbol: A2M
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: A2MD; CPAMD5; FWP007; S863-7; DKFZp779B086
• NCBI Protein Information: alpha-2-macroglobulin; alpha-2-M; OTTHUMP00000196829; C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 5
• UniProt Protein Name: Alpha-2-macroglobulin
• Protein Family: Alpha-2-macroglobulin
• UniProt Gene Name: A2M
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: CPAMD5
• UniProt Entry Name: A2MG_HUMAN

NCBI Description

Alpha-2-macroglobulin is a protease inhibitor and cytokine transporter. It inhibits many proteases, including trypsin, thrombin and collagenase. A2M is implicated in Alzheimer disease (AD) due to its ability to mediate the clearance and degradation of A-beta, the major component of beta-amyloid deposits. [provided by RefSeq]

Uniprot Description

Function: Is able to inhibit all four classes of proteinases by a unique 'trapping' mechanism. This protein has a peptide stretch, called the 'bait region' which contains specific cleavage sites for different proteinases. When a proteinase cleaves the bait region, a conformational change is induced in the protein which traps the proteinase. The entrapped enzyme remains active against low molecular weight substrates (activity against high molecular weight substrates is greatly reduced). Following cleavage in the bait region a thioester bond is hydrolyzed and mediates the covalent binding of the protein to the proteinase.

Subunit structure: Homotetramer; disulfide-linked. Ref.8 Ref.10

Subcellular location: Secreted Ref.8.

Tissue specificity: Secreted in plasma. Ref.8

Developmental stage: Contrary to the rat protein, which is an acute phase protein, this protein is always present at high levels in circulation.

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I39 (alpha-2-macroglobulin) family. [View classification]

Sequence caution: The sequence AAT02228.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally shortened.The sequence BAD92851.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally shortened.