Mouse GFAP Monoclonal Antibody | anti-GFAP antibody

GFAP Antibody

Cat. Num. AAA415132

• Reactivity: Human, cow, pig, horse, mouse, rat and all other mammalian and avian species tested to date
• Applications: Immunofluorescence, Western Blot
• Purity: Affinity purified
• Synonyms: GFAP; Monoclonal Antibody; GFAP Antibody; anti-GFAP antibody

• Host: Mouse
• Reactivity: Human, cow, pig, horse, mouse, rat and all other mammalian and avian species tested to date
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Isotype: IgG1
• Purity/Purification: Affinity purified
• Form/Format: Liquid
• Concentration: 100ug/100ul (varies by lot)
• Sequence Length: 438

• Applicable Applications for anti-GFAP antibody: Immunofluorescence (IF), Western Blot (WB)
• Application Notes: For immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry use MCA-5C10 diluted to 1/1,000. For western blots try MCA-5C10 at dilutions of 1/5,000.
• Immunogen: Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) was discovered by Amico Bignami and coworkers as a major fibrous protein of multiple sclerosis plaques (1). It was subsequently found to be a member of the 10nm or intermediate filament protein family, specifically the intermediate filament protein family Class III, which also includes peripherin, desmin and vimentin. The GFAP protein runs on gels as a ~55kDa protein, usually associated with somewhat lower molecule weight bands which are alternate transcripts from the single gene. The HGNC nomenclature for this protein is, perhaps not surprisingly, GFAP. GFAP is strongly and specifically expressed in astrocytes and certain other astroglia in the central nervous system, in satellite cells in peripheral ganglia, and in non-myelinating Schwann cells in peripheral nerves (2,3). Astrocytes respond to many damage and disease states resulting in "astrogliosis" or the presence of a "glial response". GFAP antibodies are widely used to see the reactive astrocytes which form part of this response, since reactive astrocytes stain much more strongly with GFAP antibodies than normal astrocytes. GFAP also forms a major component of the so-called glial scar, an astrocyte rich structure apparently forming part of the barrier to nerve fiber regeneration following damage in the central nervous system (4). Neural stem cells frequently strongly express GFAP. Antibodies to GFAP are therefore very useful as markers of normal and reactive astrocytic cells and neural stem cells. Finally, Alexander's disease was recently shown to be caused by point mutations in protein coding region of the GFAP gene (5). All forms of Alexander disease are characterized by the presence of Rosenthal fibers, which are GFAP containing cytoplasmic inclusions found in astrocytes. Our antibody produces strong and specific staining on western blots, in immunocytochemistry (see below) and on formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections (see here). The HGNC name for this protein is GFAP.
• Storage Buffer: PBS, pH 7.4 with 0.02% sodium azide.
• Preparation and Storage: Store at -20 degree C/1 year

Western Blot (WB) #2

Testing Data

References

1. Bignami A, Eng LF, Dahl D, Uyeda CT. Localization of the glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes by immunofluorescence. Brain Res. 43:429-35 1972.2. Yen SH, Fields KL. Antibodies to neurofilament, glial filament, and fibroblast intermediate filament proteins bind to different cell types of the nervous system. J Cell Biol. 88:115-26 1981.3. Shaw G, Osborn M, Weber K. An immunofluorescence microscopical study of the neurofilament triplet proteins, vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein within the adult rat brain. Eur J Cell Biol. 26:68-82 1981.4. Fitch MT, Silver J. CNS injury, glial scars, and inflammation: Inhibitory extracellular matrices and regeneration failure. Exp Neurol. 209:294-301 2008.5. Brenner M, Johnson AB, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Rodriguez D, Goldman JE, Messing A. Mutations in GFAP, encoding glial fibrillary acidic protein, are associated with Alexander disease. Nat Genet 27:117-20 2001

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 334688844
• NCBI GeneID: 2670
• NCBI Accession #: NP_001229305.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_001242376.1
• UniProt Accession #: P14136; Q53H98; Q5D055; Q6ZQS3; Q7Z5J6; Q7Z5J7; Q96KS4; Q96P18; Q9UFD0; B2RD44; D3DX59; E9PAX3
• Molecular Weight: 49,880 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: glial fibrillary acidic protein isoform 3
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: glial fibrillary acidic protein
• NCBI Official Symbol: GFAP
• NCBI Protein Information: glial fibrillary acidic protein
• UniProt Protein Name: Glial fibrillary acidic protein
• Protein Family: Glial fibrillary acidic protein
• UniProt Gene Name: GFAP
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: GFAP
• UniProt Entry Name: GFAP_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene encodes one of the major intermediate filament proteins of mature astrocytes. It is used as a marker to distinguish astrocytes from other glial cells during development. Mutations in this gene cause Alexander disease, a rare disorder of astrocytes in the central nervous system. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

Uniprot Description

Function: GFAP, a class-III intermediate filament, is a cell-specific marker that, during the development of the central nervous system, distinguishes astrocytes from other glial cells.

Subunit structure: Interacts with SYNM

By similarity. Isoform 3 interacts with PSEN1 (via N-terminus). Ref.16

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Note: Associated with intermediate filaments. Ref.16

Tissue specificity: Expressed in cells lacking fibronectin. Ref.3

Post-translational modification: Phosphorylated by PKN1. Ref.18 Ref.19 Ref.20

Involvement in disease: Alexander disease (ALEXD) [MIM:203450]: A rare disorder of the central nervous system. The most common form affects infants and young children, and is characterized by progressive failure of central myelination, usually leading to death within the first decade. Infants with Alexander disease develop a leukodystrophy with macrocephaly, seizures, and psychomotor retardation. Patients with juvenile or adult forms typically experience ataxia, bulbar signs and spasticity, and a more slowly progressive course. Histologically, Alexander disease is characterized by Rosenthal fibers, homogeneous eosinophilic inclusions in astrocytes.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.23 Ref.24 Ref.25 Ref.26

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.