Mouse anti-Human Complement 4d (C4d) Monoclonal Antibody | anti-C4A antibody

Complement 4d (C4d) (Acute Humoral Rejection Marker) Mouse Monoclonal Antibody

Cat. Num. AAA4380076

• Gene Names: C4B; CH; C4F; CO4; C4B1; C4B2; C4B3; C4B5; C4BD; C4B12; C4B_2; CPAMD3
• Reactivity: Human
• Applications: Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry
• Synonyms: Complement 4d (C4d); Monoclonal Antibody; Complement 4d (C4d) (Acute Humoral Rejection Marker) Mouse Monoclonal Antibody; Acidic Complement C4; Basic C4; C4; C4-1; C4a Anaphylatoxin; C4A; C4A2; C4A3; C4A4; C4A6; C4b; C4B1; C4B12; C4d fragment; C4F; C4S; Complement C4 Gamma Chain; Complement Component 4A; Complement Component 4B; anti-C4A antibody

• Host: Mouse
• Reactivity: Human
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Isotype: IgG1, kappa
• Clone Number: C4D204
• Specificity: This MAb is specific to Complement 4d (C4d) and it reacts with the secreted as well as cell-bound C4d. C4d is a degradation product of the activated complement factor C4b. Complement 4b is typically activated by binding of Abs to specific target molecules. Following activation and degradation of the C4 molecule, thio-ester groups are exposed, which allow transient, covalent binding of the degradation product Complement 4d to endothelial cell surfaces and extracellular matrix components of vascular basement membranes near the sites of C4 activation. The presence of C4d in peritubular capillaries is a key indicator for acute humoral (i.e. antibody-mediated) rejection of kidney, heart, pancreas and lung allografts. As an established marker of antibody-mediated acute renal allograft rejection and its proclivity for endothelium, this component can be detected in peritubular capillaries in chronic renal allograft rejection as well as hyperacute rejection, acute vascular rejection, acute cellular rejection, and borderline rejection. It has been shown to be a significant predictor of transplant kidney graft survival. Anti-C4d, combined with anti-C3d, can be utilized as a tool for allograft rejection that may warrant a prompt and aggressive anti-rejection treatment.
• Form/Format: Bioreactor Concentrate with 0.05% Azide.
• Sequence Length: 1744

• Applicable Applications for anti-C4A antibody: Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Formalin
• Application Notes: Immunofluorescence (1:50-1:100); Immunohistochemistry (Formalin-fixed) (1:100-1:200 for 30 minutes at RT) (Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires boiling tissue sections in 10mM Tris with 1mM EDTA, pH 9.0, for 10-20 min followed by cooling at RT for 20 minutes)
• Cellular Localization: Intracytoplasmic vacuoles of endothelial cells and Secreted
• Immunogen: Recombinant human Complement 4d protein
• Hu-Chromosome Location: 6p21.3
• Positive Control: Rejected Renal Transplant Tissue
• Preparation and Storage: Store at 2 to 8 degree C. Antibody is stable for 24 months. Non-hazardous. No MSDS required.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human Kidney Transplant stained with Complement 4d Ab (C4D204).)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human Kidney Transplant stained with Complement 4d Ab (C4D204).)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human Kidney Transplant tissue stained with Complement 4d Ab (C4D204).)

References

Collins AB et. al. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999;10(10):2208-14. Racusen LC et. al. Am J Transplant. 2003;3(6):708-14. Sacks SH et. al. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2002;11(6):627-8

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 178557739
• NCBI GeneID: 721
• NCBI Accession #: NP_001002029.3
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_001002029.3
• UniProt Accession #: P0C0L4; P01028; P78445; Q13160; Q13906; A6H8M8; A6NHJ5; A7E2V2; B0QZR6; B0V2C8; B2RUT6; B7ZVZ6; P0C0L5
• Molecular Weight: 192kDa (predicted)
• NCBI Official Full Name: complement C4-B preproprotein
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: complement component 4B (Chido blood group)
• NCBI Official Symbol: C4B
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: CH; C4F; CO4; C4B1; C4B2; C4B3; C4B5; C4BD; C4B12; C4B_2; CPAMD3
• NCBI Protein Information: complement C4-B
• UniProt Protein Name: Complement C4-A
• Protein Family: Complement C4
• UniProt Gene Name: C4A
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: CO4; CPAMD2
• UniProt Entry Name: CO4A_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene encodes the basic form of complement factor 4, part of the classical activation pathway. The protein is expressed as a single chain precursor which is proteolytically cleaved into a trimer of alpha, beta, and gamma chains prior to secretion. The trimer provides a surface for interaction between the antigen-antibody complex and other complement components. The alpha chain may be cleaved to release C4 anaphylatoxin, a mediator of local inflammation. Deficiency of this protein is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. This gene localizes to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region on chromosome 6. Varying haplotypes of this gene cluster exist, such that individuals may have 1, 2, or 3 copies of this gene. In addition, this gene exists as a long form and a short form due to the presence or absence of a 6.4 kb endogenous HERV-K retrovirus in intron 9. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Uniprot Description

C4A: C4 plays a central role in the activation of the classical pathway of the complement system. It is processed by activated C1 which removes from the alpha chain the C4a anaphylatoxin. The remaining alpha chain fragment C4b is the major activation product and is an essential subunit of the C3 convertase (C4b2a) and the C5 convertase (C3bC4b2a) enzymes of the classical complement pathway. Defects in C4A are the cause of complement component 4A deficiency (C4AD). A rare defect of the complement classical pathway associated with the development of autoimmune disorders, mainly systemic lupus with or without associated glomerulonephritis. Defects in C4A are a cause of susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A chronic, inflammatory and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue. It affects principally the skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. It is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. Interindividual copy- number variation (CNV) of complement component C4 and associated polymorphisms result in different susceptibilities to SLE. The risk of SLE susceptibility has been shown to be significantly increased among subjects with only two copies of total C4. A high copy number is a protective factor against SLE.

Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide; Inhibitor

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6p21.3

Cellular Component: extracellular region; extracellular space; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: complement component C1q binding; serine-type endopeptidase activity

Biological Process: complement activation; regulation of complement activation

Disease: Blood Group, Chido/rodgers System; Complement Component 4a Deficiency