Mononucleosomes Recombinant Protein | H2AFZ recombinant protein

Recombinant Mononucleosomes (H2A.Z)

Cat. Num. AAA389131

• Gene Names: H2AFZ; H2AZ; H2A.z; H2A/z; H2A.Z-1
• Synonyms: Mononucleosomes; Recombinant Mononucleosomes (H2A.Z); H2AFZ recombinant protein

• Host: E Coli
• Form/Format: Recombinant Mononucleosomes (H2A.Z)(50ug protein + 50ug DNA) are supplied in 10mM Tris-HCl pH8.0, 1mM EDTA, 2mM DTT and 20% glycerol.

• Protein Species: Human
• Notes: Recombinant Mononucleosomes (H2A.Z) are suitable for use as substrates in the study of enzyme kinetics, inhibitor screening, and selectivity profiling.
• Dry Ice Shipment: Extra charge fee may add to your shipping cost as dry ice is required to ship this product.
• Preparation and Storage: Recombinant proteins in solution are temperature sensitive and must be stored at -80 degree C to prevent degradation. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles and keep on ice when not in storage.; Shipping Temp: Dry Ice

SDS-Page

(Recombinant Mononucleosomes (H2A.Z) 13% SDS-PAGE Coomassie staining MW: 108.3 kDa Purity: ? 85%)

Testing Data

(Recombinant Mononucleosomes (H2A.Z) DNA gel Mononucleosomes (H2A.Z) were run on a 2% agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide. Lane 1: DNA marker. Lane 2: free 601 DNA. Lane 3: Intact mononucleosomes. Intact mononucleosomes migrate much higher than free 601 DNA. The agarose gel result shows that almost all of 601 DNA wraps histone octamers to form mononucleosomes)

Related Product Information for H2AFZ recombinant protein

Short Description: Recombinant Mononucleosomes (H2A.Z) consist of 167 bp of 601 DNA and two molecules each of histones H2A.Z that includes amino acids 1-128 (end)(accession number NP_002097.1), H2B that includes amino acids 1-126 (end)(accession number NP_003509.1), H3 that includes amino acids 1-136 (end)(accession number NP_003520.1), and H4 that includes amino acids 1-103 (end)(accession number NP_003539.1). All of these histones were expressed in E Coli. The molecular weight of histone octamer is ~108.3 kDa. Nucleosomes comprise the smallest subunit of chromatin; they consist of 147 bp of DNA wrapped around an octamer of core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Therefore, nucleosomes are more physiologically relevant substrates than histones and histone-derived peptides for use in in vitro studies. More importantly, some histone methyltransferases are significantly more active, as well as specific, when using nucleosomal substrates in HMT assays, such as DOT1L and NSD family enzymes. Nucleosomes are also widely used in histone methyltransferase screening assays to identify small molecular inhibitors for drug discovery.

Background: In vivo, nucleosome is the basic structural unit of chromatin. It is consisted of about 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a core of eight histones of four different types: H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. Histones are subject to posttranslational modifications, such as methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, mono-ubiquitination, tec. Histone modifications influence multiple chromatin templated processes such as gene transcription, DNA repair and recombination. Besides the "major" histones, there are some histone variants in specific regions of chromatin or in specific cell types. Histone variants were involved in multiple biology processes including chromosome segregation, DNA repair, transcriptional regulation and mRNA processing. H2A.Z (also known as H2AFZ, Histone Family Member Z) is a histone H2A family member. It is highly conserved from yeast to human, with 90% of its primary sequence preserved among different species, showing only 60% homology with canonical histone H2A. H2A.Z is found in approximately 10% of mammalian nucleosomes. H2A.Z has been one of the most studied H2A variants in recent years. It plays an important role in different biological processes such as DNA replication, DNA repair, transcription regulation, cell cycle, spermatogenesis, chromosome segregation, centromere structure and maintenance of heterochromatic/euchromatic status. However, different studies reported diverse conclusions in the nucleosome stability and transcriptional regulation. The contradictory roles of H2A.Z in vivo might be explained by different combinations of H2A.Z with other epigenetic regulators, PTMs on H2A.Z and interaction with chromatin binding proteins. Nucleosomes are more physiologically relevant substrates than histones and histone-derived peptides for in vitro studies. More importantly, some histone methyltransferases are significantly more active, as well as specific, when using nucleosomal substrates in HMT assays, such as DOT1L and NSD family enzymes. Nucleosomes are also widely used in histone methyltransferase screening assays to identify small molecular inhibitors for drug discovery.

Product Categories/Family for H2AFZ recombinant protein

Recombinant Proteins; Histone

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 4504255
• NCBI GeneID: 3015
• NCBI Accession #: NP_002097.1; NP_003509.1; NP_003520.1; NP_003539.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_002106.3
• UniProt Accession #: P0C0S5; P17317; Q6I9U0; B2RD56
• Molecular Weight: 13,553 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: histone H2A.Z
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: H2A histone family, member Z
• NCBI Official Symbol: H2AFZ
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: H2AZ; H2A.z; H2A/z; H2A.Z-1
• NCBI Protein Information: histone H2A.Z; H2AZ histone
• UniProt Protein Name: Histone H2A.Z
• UniProt Gene Name: H2AFZ
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: H2AZ; H2A/z
• UniProt Entry Name: H2AZ_HUMAN

NCBI Description

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene encodes a replication-independent member of the histone H2A family that is distinct from other members of the family. Studies in mice have shown that this particular histone is required for embryonic development and indicate that lack of functional histone H2A leads to embryonic lethality. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Uniprot Description

H2AZ: Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. May be involved in the formation of constitutive heterochromatin. May be required for chromosome segregation during cell division. The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. H2A or its variant H2AFZ forms an heterodimer with H2B. H2AFZ interacts with INCENP. Belongs to the histone H2A family.

Protein type: DNA-binding

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q24

Cellular Component: Barr body; nucleosome; nuclear heterochromatin; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein binding; nucleosomal DNA binding; chromatin DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity

Biological Process: positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter