Shipping Temp: Dry Ice
Testing Data
(HTRF assay for recombinant AKT2 protein activity 1 uM STK S3 substrate was incubated with different concentrations AKT2 protein in a 10 ul reaction system for 1 hour. The 10 ul detection reagents were added and incubated with the reactions for 30 min. All the operations and reactions were performed at room temperature, and HTRF KinEASE STK assay was used to detect the enzymatic activity.)
Testing Data
(HTRF assay for recombinant AKT2 protein activity 1 uM STK S3 substrate was incubated with different concentrations AKT2 protein in a 10 ul reaction system for 1 hour. The 10 ul detection reagents were added and incubated with the reactions for 30 min. All the operations and reactions were performed at room temperature, and HTRF KinEASE STK assay was used to detect the enzymatic activity.)
Background: AKT2 (AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 2), also known as Protein Kinase B Beta, PRKBB or PKB Beta,is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT2, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake and the storage of glucose. It also regulates cell survival via the phosphorylation of MAP3K5 (apoptosis signal-related kinase), mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2. AKT is involvedin the phosphorylation of members of the FOXO factors (Forkhead family of transcription factors), leading to binding of 14-3-3 proteins and cytoplasmic localization. AKT has an important role in the regulation of NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription and positively regulates the activity of CREB1 (cyclic AMP (cAMP)-response element binding protein). The Rho GTPase-activating protein DLC1 is another substrate and its phosphorylation is implicated in the regulation cell proliferation and cell growth. AKT plays a role as key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. One of the few specific substrates of AKT2 identified recently is PITX2. Phosphorylation of PITX2 impairs its association with the CCND1 mRNA-stabilizing complex thus shortening the half-life of CCND1. AKT2 seems also to be the principalisoform responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake. It phosphorylates C2CD5 on Ser-197 during insulin-stimulated adipocytes. AKT2 is also specifically involved in skeletal muscle differentiation, one of its substrates in this process being ANKRD2.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene is a putative oncogene encoding a protein belonging to a subfamily of serine/threonine kinases containing SH2-like (Src homology 2-like) domains. The gene was shown to be amplified and overexpressed in 2 of 8 ovarian carcinoma cell lines and 2 of 15 primary ovarian tumors. Overexpression contributes to the malignant phenotype of a subset of human ductal pancreatic cancers. The encoded protein is a general protein kinase capable of phophorylating several known proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Uniprot Description
Akt2: an AGC kinase. Plays critical roles in glucose metabolism and the development or maintenance of proper adipose tissue and islet mass for which other Akt/PKB isoforms are unable to fully compensate. Amplified and overexpressed in human ovarian carcinoma cell lines and amplified in some primary ovarian and pancreatic tumors. Antisense blocks invasiveness in xenografts. Expressed in several insulin-responsive tissues, and one case of Type II diabetes has been associated with a likely LOF point mutation. Mouse mutants have defects in insulin response.
Protein type: Kinase, protein; EC 2.7.11.1; Protein kinase, AGC; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); Oncoprotein; AGC group; AKT family
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19q13.1-q13.2
Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; plasma membrane; cell cortex; cytosol; nucleus
Molecular Function: protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; kinase activity; ATP binding
Biological Process: fat cell differentiation; glycogen biosynthetic process; apoptosis; positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process; carbohydrate transport; myelin maintenance in the peripheral nervous system; intracellular protein transport across a membrane; positive regulation of vesicle fusion; protein modification process; glucose metabolic process; signal transduction; regulation of cell migration; protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation; regulation of translation; positive regulation of glucose import; cellular response to insulin stimulus; insulin receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation
Disease: Hypoinsulinemic Hypoglycemia With Hemihypertrophy; Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-dependent
Research Articles on AKT2
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Product Notes
The AKT2 akt2 (Catalog #AAA389203) is a Recombinant Protein produced from Baculovirus and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "AKT2, Recombinant Protein" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
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