NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene encodes one of six different actin proteins. Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in cell motility, structure, and integrity. This actin is a major constituent of the contractile apparatus and one of the two nonmuscle cytoskeletal actins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Uniprot Description
ACTB: Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Polymerization of globular actin (G-actin) leads to a structural filament (F-actin) in the form of a two-stranded helix. Each actin can bind to 4 others. Identified in a mRNP granule complex, at least composed of ACTB, ACTN4, DHX9, ERG, HNRNPA1, HNRNPA2B1, HNRNPAB, HNRNPD, HNRNPL, HNRNPR, HNRNPU, HSPA1, HSPA8, IGF2BP1, ILF2, ILF3, NCBP1, NCL, PABPC1, PABPC4, PABPN1, RPLP0, RPS3, RPS3A, RPS4X, RPS8, RPS9, SYNCRIP, TROVE2, YBX1 and untranslated mRNAs. Component of the BAF complex, which includes at least actin (ACTB), ARID1A, ARID1B/BAF250, SMARCA2, SMARCA4/BRG1, ACTL6A/BAF53, ACTL6B/BAF53B, SMARCE1/BAF57 SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCC2/BAF170, SMARCB1/SNF5/INI1, and one or more of SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD2/BAF60B, or SMARCD3/BAF60C. In muscle cells, the BAF complex also contains DPF3. Found in a complex with XPO6, Ran, ACTB and PFN1. Component of the MLL5-L complex, at least composed of MLL5, STK38, PPP1CA, PPP1CB, PPP1CC, HCFC1, ACTB and OGT. Interacts with XPO6 and EMD. Interacts with ERBB2. Interacts with GCET2. Belongs to the actin family.
Protein type: Cytoskeletal; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7p22
Cellular Component: cortical cytoskeleton; extracellular space; NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex; focal adhesion; protein complex; postsynaptic density; ribonucleoprotein complex; cytosol; nucleoplasm; cytoskeleton; membrane; axon; nuclear chromatin; cytoplasm; plasma membrane
Molecular Function: protein binding; nucleosomal DNA binding; structural constituent of cytoskeleton; kinesin binding; Tat protein binding; nitric-oxide synthase binding; protein kinase binding; ATP binding
Biological Process: intercellular junction assembly and maintenance; axon guidance; establishment and/or maintenance of chromatin architecture; protein folding; retinal homeostasis; 'de novo' posttranslational protein folding; substantia nigra development; cellular protein metabolic process; ephrin receptor signaling pathway; ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling; innate immune response; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway; cell motility; blood coagulation
Disease: Dystonia, Juvenile-onset; Baraitser-winter Syndrome 1