GAPDH sirna

GAPDH siRNA (Human)

Cat. Num. AAA8220415

• Gene Names: GAPDH; G3PD; GAPD; HEL-S-162eP
• Reactivity: Human
• Applications: RNA Interference (RNAi)
• Purity: > 97%
• Synonyms: GAPDH; GAPDH siRNA (Human); GAPD; Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase GAPDH; GAPDH sirna

• Host: Synthetic
• Reactivity: Human
• Specificity: GAPDH siRNA (Human) is a target-specific 19-23 nt siRNA oligo duplexes designed to knock down gene expression.
• Purity/Purification: > 97%
• Form/Format: Lyophilized powder
• Sequence Length: 293

• Applicable Applications for GAPDH sirna: RNA Interference (RNAi)
• Quality Control: Oligonucleotide synthesis is monitored base by base through trityl analysis to ensure appropriate coupling efficiency. The oligo is subsequently purified by affinity-solid phase extraction. The annealed RNA duplex is further analyzed by mass spectrometry to verify the exact composition of the duplex. Each lot is compared to the previous lot by mass spectrometry to ensure maximum lot-to-lot consistency.
• Directions for Use: We recommends transfection with 100 nM siRNA 48 to 72 hours prior to cell lysis. Before resuspending, briefly centrifuge the tube to ensure the lyophilized siRNA is at the bottom of the tube. Resuspend the siRNA oligos to an appropriate concentration with DEPC water. For each vial, suitable for 250 transfections in 24 well plate (20 pmol for each well).
• Components: We offer pre-designed sets of 3 different target-specific siRNA oligo duplexes of human GAPDH gene. Each vial contains 5 nmol of lyophilized siRNA. The duplexes can be transfected individually or pooled together to achieve knockdown of the target gene, which is most commonly assessed by qPCR or western blot. Our siRNA oligos are also chemically modified (2'-OMe) at no extra charge for increased stability and enhanced knockdown in vitro and in vivo.
• Preparation and Storage: Shipped at 4 degree C. Store at -20 degree C for one year.

Related Product Information for GAPDH sirna

siRNA to inhibit GAPDH expression using RNA interference

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 378404908
• NCBI GeneID: 2597
• NCBI Accession #: NP_001243728.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_001256799.2
• UniProt Accession #: P04406; P00354; Q53X65; E7EUT4
• Molecular Weight: 31,548 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoform 2
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
• NCBI Official Symbol: GAPDH
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: G3PD; GAPD; HEL-S-162eP
• NCBI Protein Information: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
• UniProt Protein Name: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
• UniProt Gene Name: GAPDH
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: GAPD; GAPDH
• UniProt Entry Name: G3P_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene encodes a member of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein family. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. The product of this gene catalyzes an important energy-yielding step in carbohydrate metabolism, the reversible oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the presence of inorganic phosphate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The encoded protein has additionally been identified to have uracil DNA glycosylase activity in the nucleus. Also, this protein contains a peptide that has antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. Studies of a similar protein in mouse have assigned a variety of additional functions including nitrosylation of nuclear proteins, the regulation of mRNA stability, and acting as a transferrin receptor on the cell surface of macrophage. Many pseudogenes similar to this locus are present in the human genome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

Uniprot Description

GAPDH: a multifunctional enzyme with both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities. A key glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. An important enzyme for energy metabolism, and the production of ATP and pyruvate through anaerobic glycolysis in the cytoplasm. Additionally, it participates in apoptosis, membrane trafficking, iron metabolism, nuclear activities and receptor mediated cell signaling. Its subcellular localization changes reflecting its multiple activities. Is cytosolic, but is also localized in the membrane, the nucleus, polysomes, the ER and the Golgi. Participates in transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. S-nitrosylation on Cys-152 following apoptotic stimulates its interaction with SIAH2, which in turn moderates its translocation into the nucleus. Mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins including SIRT1, HDAC2 and DNA-PK. Deregulated in lung cancer, renal cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, glioma, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, prostatic cancer, pancreatic cancer and bladder cancer. Its increased expression and enzymatic activity is associated with cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, Oxidative stress impairs GAPDH catalytic activity and leads to cellular aging and apoptosis. In experimental animal models, injection of GAPDH antagonists induces apoptosis and blocks Hep3B tumor progression, suggesting a therapeutic potential of targeting GAPDH in human hepatocellular carcinoma

Protein type: EC 1.2.1.12; Oxidoreductase; Carbohydrate Metabolism - glycolysis and gluconeogenesis

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12p13

Cellular Component: microtubule cytoskeleton; nuclear membrane; intracellular membrane-bound organelle; membrane; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; lipid particle; ribonucleoprotein complex; cytosol; nucleus; vesicle

Molecular Function: identical protein binding; protein binding; microtubule binding; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (phosphorylating) activity; NADP binding; NAD binding

Biological Process: neuron apoptosis; glycolysis; protein stabilization; negative regulation of translation; carbohydrate metabolic process; glucose metabolic process; pathogenesis; microtubule cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; gluconeogenesis