Alpha-1 Microglobulin Native Protein | AMBP native protein
Human Alpha-1 Microglobulin
Gene Names
AMBP; A1M; HCP; ITI; UTI; EDC1; HI30; ITIL; IATIL; ITILC
Purity
Greater than 96.0%.
Synonyms
Alpha-1 Microglobulin; Human Alpha-1 Microglobulin; AMBP Human; Microglobulin Alpha-1 Protein Human; A1M; AMBP native protein
Host
Purified from the urine of patients with chronic renal tubular proteinuria
Purity/Purification
Greater than 96.0%.
Form/Format
Lyophilized from 0.02M NH4HCO3.
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Sequence Length
352
Solubility
Use phosphate buffer, pH>7.0 containing 0.15M NaCl, is recommended.
Human Virus Test
Starting material tested and certified negative for HIV I & II antibodies, Hepatitis B surface antigen, and Hepatitis C antibodies.
Preparation and Storage
Human A1M although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored between 2-8 degree C.
Related Product Information for AMBP native protein
Description: Alpha 1-microglobulin (A1M) is an immunomodulatory protein with a broad spectrum of possible clinical applications and seems a promising marker for evaluation of tubular function.
Introduction: Alpha 1-microglobulin (A1M) is a lipocalin superfamily member (kernal lipocalins). A1M is a low molecular weight protein component of plasma. A1M is distributed in plasma and extravascular compartments of all organs. Alpha-1 Microglobulin is found in mammals, birds, amphibians and fish. The primary sites of A1M synthesis are the liver and the kidney. Around the opening of the lipocalin pocket three lysyl residues are situated; those residues carry yellow-brown modification derived from the binding and degradation of heme and kynurenin (a tryptophan metabolite). A1-Microglobulin's reductase and dehydrogenase have broad biological substrate specificity properties due to its' free cysteine side-chain which is located in a flexible loop. Alpha-1-microglobulin is glycosylated by three separate carbohydrate chains: two complex carbohydrates which are N-linked to asparagines at residues 17 and 96, and the other simple carbohydrate which is O-linked to threonine at position 5. The carbohydrates comprise 22% of the total molecular mass of the protein. The glycosylation varies between species. A1M exists in two forms- a free form and complexed to other macromolecules: in humans- complexed to immunoglobulin A (IgA), in rat- complexed to alpha-1-inhibitor-3. Free A1M is exceptionally heterogeneous in charge (therefore also known as protein HC), and is found tightly linked to a chromophore. The free Alpha-1-microglobulin is a monomeric protein composed of one 188 residue polypeptide and contains three cysteines, two of which (residues 75 and 173) form a conserved intra-molecular disulphide link. The chromophoric group is covalently bound to the free cysteine residue at position 34. A1M binds retinol as a major ligand, but this is probably distinct from its covalent chromophore. Half of all human plasma A1M (approximately 0.03mg/ml) forms a 1:1 complex with about 5% of plasma immunoglobulin A. The resulting macromolecular complexes' molecular weight is 200000, and a plasma concentration of 0.3mg/ml. The complex can exhibit both antibody activity and affect many of the biological actions of free Alpha-1-microglobulin. Alpha-1-microglobulin was first discovered in pathological human urine. It was suggested that A1M might be involved in tissue defense against reactive oxygen species, oxidation by heme and kynurenin. Evidence also suggests that A1M functions in the regulation of the immune system. Other functions include: inhibition of stimulation of cultured lymphocytes by protein antigens; induction of cell division of lymphocytes, a mitogenic effect that can either be enhanced or inhibited by the action of other plasma components; inhibition of neutrophil granulocyte migration in vitro; and inhibition of chemotaxis. Other functions include: inhibition of stimulation of cultured lymphocytes by protein antigens; induction of cell division of lymphocytes, a mitogenic effect that can either be enhanced or inhibited by the action of other plasma components; inhibition of neutrophil granulocyte migration in vitro; and inhibition of chemotaxis.
Introduction: Alpha 1-microglobulin (A1M) is a lipocalin superfamily member (kernal lipocalins). A1M is a low molecular weight protein component of plasma. A1M is distributed in plasma and extravascular compartments of all organs. Alpha-1 Microglobulin is found in mammals, birds, amphibians and fish. The primary sites of A1M synthesis are the liver and the kidney. Around the opening of the lipocalin pocket three lysyl residues are situated; those residues carry yellow-brown modification derived from the binding and degradation of heme and kynurenin (a tryptophan metabolite). A1-Microglobulin's reductase and dehydrogenase have broad biological substrate specificity properties due to its' free cysteine side-chain which is located in a flexible loop. Alpha-1-microglobulin is glycosylated by three separate carbohydrate chains: two complex carbohydrates which are N-linked to asparagines at residues 17 and 96, and the other simple carbohydrate which is O-linked to threonine at position 5. The carbohydrates comprise 22% of the total molecular mass of the protein. The glycosylation varies between species. A1M exists in two forms- a free form and complexed to other macromolecules: in humans- complexed to immunoglobulin A (IgA), in rat- complexed to alpha-1-inhibitor-3. Free A1M is exceptionally heterogeneous in charge (therefore also known as protein HC), and is found tightly linked to a chromophore. The free Alpha-1-microglobulin is a monomeric protein composed of one 188 residue polypeptide and contains three cysteines, two of which (residues 75 and 173) form a conserved intra-molecular disulphide link. The chromophoric group is covalently bound to the free cysteine residue at position 34. A1M binds retinol as a major ligand, but this is probably distinct from its covalent chromophore. Half of all human plasma A1M (approximately 0.03mg/ml) forms a 1:1 complex with about 5% of plasma immunoglobulin A. The resulting macromolecular complexes' molecular weight is 200000, and a plasma concentration of 0.3mg/ml. The complex can exhibit both antibody activity and affect many of the biological actions of free Alpha-1-microglobulin. Alpha-1-microglobulin was first discovered in pathological human urine. It was suggested that A1M might be involved in tissue defense against reactive oxygen species, oxidation by heme and kynurenin. Evidence also suggests that A1M functions in the regulation of the immune system. Other functions include: inhibition of stimulation of cultured lymphocytes by protein antigens; induction of cell division of lymphocytes, a mitogenic effect that can either be enhanced or inhibited by the action of other plasma components; inhibition of neutrophil granulocyte migration in vitro; and inhibition of chemotaxis. Other functions include: inhibition of stimulation of cultured lymphocytes by protein antigens; induction of cell division of lymphocytes, a mitogenic effect that can either be enhanced or inhibited by the action of other plasma components; inhibition of neutrophil granulocyte migration in vitro; and inhibition of chemotaxis.
Product Categories/Family for AMBP native protein
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI GI #
NCBI GeneID
NCBI Accession #
NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #
NCBI Official Full Name
protein AMBP preproprotein
NCBI Official Synonym Full Names
alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor
NCBI Official Symbol
AMBP
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols
A1M; HCP; ITI; UTI; EDC1; HI30; ITIL; IATIL; ITILC
NCBI Protein Information
protein AMBP; bikunin; complex-forming glycoprotein heterogeneous in charge; growth-inhibiting protein 19; inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor light chain; protein HC; trypstatin; uristatin; uronic-acid-rich protein
UniProt Protein Name
Protein AMBP
Protein Family
UniProt Gene Name
AMBP
UniProt Synonym Gene Names
HCP; ITIL; Protein HC; ITI-LC
UniProt Entry Name
AMBP_HUMAN
NCBI Description
This gene encodes a complex glycoprotein secreted in plasma. The precursor is proteolytically processed into distinct functioning proteins: alpha-1-microglobulin, which belongs to the superfamily of lipocalin transport proteins and may play a role in the regulation of inflammatory processes, and bikunin, which is a urinary trypsin inhibitor belonging to the superfamily of Kunitz-type protease inhibitors and plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. This gene is located on chromosome 9 in a cluster of lipocalin genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Uniprot Description
AMBP: Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor inhibits trypsin, plasmin, and lysosomal granulocytic elastase. Inhibits calcium oxalate crystallization.
Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 9q32-q33
Cellular Component: extracellular space; cell surface; intracellular membrane-bound organelle; extracellular region; plasma membrane
Molecular Function: serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; calcium oxalate binding; IgA binding; heme binding; calcium channel inhibitor activity
Biological Process: negative regulation of JNK cascade; receptor-mediated endocytosis; viral reproduction; heme catabolic process; negative regulation of immune response; protein catabolic process; female pregnancy; cell adhesion; protein-chromophore linkage
Research Articles on AMBP
Similar Products
Product Notes
The AMBP ambp (Catalog #AAA142962) is a Native Protein produced from Purified from the urine of patients with chronic renal tubular proteinuria and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "Alpha-1 Microglobulin, Native Protein" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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