Goat Plasminogen Polyclonal Antibody | anti-PLG antibody

Goat anti-human Plasminogen (Pg), Peroxidase Conjugated Affinity-Purified IgG

Cat. Num. AAA512116

• Gene Names: PLG; DKFZp779M0222
• Purity: Affinity purified, peroxidase conj. IgG.; Vial containing ml of affinity-purified IgG conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) through carbohydrate groups. Total protein is 0.1 mg.
• Synonyms: Plasminogen; Polyclonal Antibody; Goat anti-human Plasminogen (Pg); Peroxidase Conjugated Affinity-Purified IgG; human; anti-PLG antibody

• Host: Goat
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Specificity: Prior to conjugation, this antibody was specific for Pg as demonstrated by immunoelectrophoresis and ELISA.
• Purity/Purification: Affinity purified, peroxidase conj. IgG.; Vial containing ml of affinity-purified IgG conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) through carbohydrate groups. Total protein is 0.1 mg.
• Form/Format: APIgG-HRP conjugate as a clear, slightly red-brown liquid.
• Concentration: APIgG-HRP concentration is mg/ml, determined by absorbance using an extinction coefficient (E1%280) of 14. (varies by lot)

• Application Notes: Suitable as a source of peroxidase-labeled antibodies to Pg.
• Immunogen: Human plasminogen purified from plasma.
• Buffer: A buffered stabilizer solution containing 50% (v/v) glycerol.
• Preparation and Storage: Store between -10 and -20 degree C. Product will become viscous but will not freeze. Avoid storage in frost-free freezers. Keep vial tightly capped. Allow product to warm to room temperature and gently mix before use. Avoid exposure to sodium azide as this is an inhibitor of peroxidase activity.

Related Product Information for anti-PLG antibody

Plasminogen (Pg) is synthesized in the liver and circulates in plasma at a concentration of ~200 ug/ml (~2.3 uM). Plasminogen is a single-chain glycoprotein of ~88 kDa that consists of a catalytic domain followed by five kringle structures. Within these kringle structures are four low-affinity lysine binding sites and one high-affinity lysine binding site. It is through these lysine binding sites that plasminogen binds to fibrin and to alpha2antiplasmin. Native plasminogen (gluplasminogen) exists in two variants that differ in their extent of glycosylation, and each variant has up to six isoelectric forms with respect to sialic acid content, for a total of 12 molecular forms. Activation of glu-plasminogen by the plasminogen activators urokinase (UPA), or tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) occurs by cleavage after residue Arg560 to produce the two-chain active serine protease plasmin. In a positive feedback reaction, the plasmin generated cleaves an ~8 kDa peptide from glu-plasminogen, producing lys77-plasminogen which has a higher affinity for fibrin and when bound is a preferred substrate for plasminogen activators such as urokinase. Additional activators of plasminogen include kallikrein and activated factor XII. The primary inhibitor of plasmin in plasma is alpha2antiplasmin. Other physiological inhibitors of plasmin include alpha2macroglobulin and antithrombin1-3.

References

1. Bachmann F; The Plasminogen-Plasmin Enzyme System; in Hemostasis and Thrombosis, 3rd Edition, eds. RW Colman, J Hirsh, VJ Marder and EW Salzman, pp. 1592-1622, J.B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia PA, USA, 1994.
2. Castellino FJ, Powell JR; Human Plasminogen; Methods in Enzymology 8 0, pp 365-378, 1981.
3. Wiman B, Collen D; Molecular Mechanism of Physiological Fibrinolysis; Nature 272, pp 548-553, 1978.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 4505881
• NCBI GeneID: 5340
• NCBI Accession #: NP_000292.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_000301.2
• UniProt Accession #: P00747; Q15146; Q5TEH4; Q6PA00; Q5TEH5; Q68DS2; Q9UBQ9; Q9UMI2
• Molecular Weight: 90438 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: plasminogen isoform 1
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: plasminogen
• NCBI Official Symbol: PLG
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: DKFZp779M0222
• NCBI Protein Information: plasminogen; OTTHUMP00000017544; OTTHUMP00000017545; OTTHUMP00000197002
• UniProt Protein Name: Plasminogen
• Protein Family: Plasminogen
• UniProt Gene Name: PLG
• UniProt Entry Name: PLMN_HUMAN

NCBI Description

The protein encoded by this gene is a secreted blood zymogen that is activated by proteolysis and converted to plasmin and angiostatin. Plasmin dissolves fibrin in blood clots and is an important protease in many other cellular processes while angiostatin inhibits angiogenesis. Defects in this gene are likely a cause of thrombophilia and ligneous conjunctivitis. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Uniprot Description

Function: Plasmin dissolves the fibrin of blood clots and acts as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation. In ovulation, weakens the walls of the Graafian follicle. It activates the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, collagenases and several complement zymogens, such as C1 and C5. Cleavage of fibronectin and laminin leads to cell detachment and apoptosis. Also cleaves fibrin, thrombospondin and von Willebrand factor. Its role in tissue remodeling and tumor invasion may be modulated by CSPG4. Binds to cells. Ref.26Angiostatin is an angiogenesis inhibitor that blocks neovascularization and growth of experimental primary and metastatic tumors in vivo. Ref.26

Catalytic activity: Preferential cleavage: Lys-|-Xaa > Arg-|-Xaa; higher selectivity than trypsin. Converts fibrin into soluble products. Ref.29

Enzyme regulation: Converted into plasmin by plasminogen activators, both plasminogen and its activator being bound to fibrin. Activated with catalytic amounts of streptokinase. Plasmin activity inhibited by SERPINE2. Ref.26

Subunit structure: Interacts (both mature PLG and the angiostatin peptide) with CSPG4 and AMOT. Interacts (via the Kringle domains) with HRG; the interaction tethers PLG to the cell surface and enhances its activation

By similarity. Ref.19 Ref.24 Ref.25 Ref.27 Ref.30

Subcellular location: Secreted. Note: Locates to the cell surface where it is proteolytically cleaved to produce the active plasmin. Interaction with HRG tethers it to the cell surface. Ref.24 Ref.26

Tissue specificity: Present in plasma and many other extracellular fluids. It is synthesized in the liver.

Domain: Kringle domains mediate interaction with CSPG4. Ref.25

Post-translational modification: N-linked glycan contains N-acetyllactosamine and sialic acid. O-linked glycans consist of Gal-GalNAc disaccharide modified with up to 2 sialic acid residues (microheterogeneity).In the presence of the inhibitor, the activation involves only cleavage after Arg-580, yielding two chains held together by two disulfide bonds. In the absence of the inhibitor, the activation involves additionally the removal of the activation peptide.

Involvement in disease: Defects in PLG are a cause of susceptibility to thrombosis (THR) [

MIM:188050]. It is a multifactorial disorder of hemostasis characterized by abnormal platelet aggregation in response to various agents and recurrent thrombi formation. Ref.48 Ref.51 Ref.52 Ref.53Defects in PLG are the cause of plasminogen deficiency (PLGD) [

MIM:217090]. PLGD is characterized by decreased serum plasminogen activity. Two forms of the disorder are distinguished: type 1 deficiency is additionally characterized by decreased plasminogen antigen levels and clinical symptoms, whereas type 2 deficiency, also known as dysplasminogenemia, is characterized by normal, or slightly reduced antigen levels, and absence of clinical manifestations. Plasminogen deficiency type 1 results in markedly impaired extracellular fibrinolysis and chronic mucosal pseudomembranous lesions due to subepithelial fibrin deposition and inflammation. The most common clinical manifestation of type 1 deficiency is ligneous conjunctivitis in which pseudomembranes formation on the palpebral surfaces of the eye progresses to white, yellow-white, or red thick masses with a wood-like consistency that replace the normal mucosa. Ref.48 Ref.50 Ref.51 Ref.52 Ref.53 Ref.54 Ref.55 Ref.56

Miscellaneous: Plasmin is inactivated by alpha-2-antiplasmin immediately after dissociation from the clot.

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Plasminogen subfamily.Contains 5 kringle domains.Contains 1 PAN domain.Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain.