Rabbit AKT2 Polyclonal Antibody | anti-AKT2 antibody

AKT2 Rabbit pAb

Cat. Num. AAA8544021

• Gene Names: AKT2; PKBB; PRKBB; HIHGHH; PKBBETA; RAC-BETA
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
• Applications: Western Blot, Immunofluorescence
• Purity: Affinity Purified
• Synonyms: AKT2; Polyclonal Antibody; AKT2 Rabbit pAb; PKBB; PRKBB; HIHGHH; PKBBETA; RAC-BETA; anti-AKT2 antibody

• Host: Rabbit
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Isotype: IgG
• Purity/Purification: Affinity Purified
• Form/Format: PBS with 0.02% Sodium Azide, 50% Glycerol, pH 7.3.
• Sequence Length: 481

• Applicable Applications for anti-AKT2 antibody: Western Blot (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF)
• Application Notes: WB: 1:500-1:2000; IF: 1:50-1:200
• Immunogen: A synthetic peptide of human AKT2
• Cellular Localization: Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, Endosome, Membrane, Nucleus
• Preparation and Storage: Store at -20 degree C. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.

Related Product Information for anti-AKT2 antibody

AKT2 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the SLC2A4/GLUT4 glucose transporter to the cell surface. Phosphorylation of PTPN1 at 'Ser-50' negatively modulates its phosphatase activity preventing dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor and the attenuation of insulin signaling. Phosphorylation of TBC1D4 triggers the binding of this effector to inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins, which is required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport. AKT regulates also the storage of glucose in the form of glycogen by phosphorylating GSK3A at 'Ser-21' and GSK3B at 'Ser-9', resulting in inhibition of its kinase activity. Phosphorylation of GSK3 isoforms by AKT is also thought to be one mechanism by which cell proliferation is driven. AKT regulates also cell survival via the phosphorylation of MAP3K5 (apoptosis signal-related kinase). Phosphorylation of 'Ser-83' decreases MAP3K5 kinase activity stimulated by oxidative stress and thereby prevents apoptosis. AKT mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2 at 'Ser-939' and 'Thr-1462', thereby activating mTORC1 signaling and leading to both phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and in activation of RPS6KB1. AKT is involved in the phosphorylation of members of the FOXO factors (Forkhead family of transcription factors), leading to binding of 14-3-3 proteins and cytoplasmic localization. In particular, FOXO1 is phosphorylated at 'Thr-24', 'Ser-256' and 'Ser-319'. FOXO3 and FOXO4 are phosphorylated on equivalent sites. AKT has an important role in the regulation of NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription and positively regulates the activity of CREB1 (cyclic AMP (cAMP)-response element binding protein). The phosphorylation of CREB1 induces the binding of accessory proteins that are necessary for the transcription of pro-survival genes such as BCL2 and MCL1. AKT phosphorylates 'Ser-454' on ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), thereby potentially regulating ACLY activity and fatty acid synthesis. Activates the 3B isoform of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE3B) via phosphorylation of 'Ser-273', resulting in reduced cyclic AMP levels and inhibition of lipolysis. Phosphorylates PIKFYVE on 'Ser-318', which results in increased PI3P-5 activity. The Rho GTPase-activating protein DLC1 is another substrate and its phosphorylation is implicated in the regulation cell proliferation and cell growth. AKT plays a role as key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. Signals downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) to mediate the effects of various growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). AKT mediates the antiapoptotic effects of IGF-I. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. May be involved in the regulation of the placental development.One of the few specific substrates of AKT2 identified recently is PITX2. Phosphorylation of PITX2 impairs its association with the CCND1 mRNA-stabilizing complex thus shortening the half-life of CCND1. AKT2 seems also to be the principal isoform responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake. Phosphorylates C2CD5 on 'Ser-197' during insulin-stimulated adipocytes. AKT2 is also specifically involved in skeletal muscle differentiation, one of its substrates in this process being ANKRD2. Down-regulation by RNA interference reduces the expression of the phosphorylated form of BAD, resulting in the induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis. Phosphorylates CLK2 on 'Thr-343'.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 4502023
• NCBI GeneID: 208
• NCBI Accession #: NP_001617.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NP_001617.1
• UniProt Accession #: P31751
• Molecular Weight: 65kDa
• NCBI Official Full Name: RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform 1
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: AKT serine/threonine kinase 2
• NCBI Official Symbol: AKT2
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: PKBB; PRKBB; HIHGHH; PKBBETA; RAC-BETA
• NCBI Protein Information: RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase
• UniProt Protein Name: RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase
• Protein Family: Potassium channel
• UniProt Gene Name: AKT2
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: PKB beta
• UniProt Entry Name: AKT2_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene is a putative oncogene encoding a protein belonging to a subfamily of serine/threonine kinases containing SH2-like (Src homology 2-like) domains. The gene was shown to be amplified and overexpressed in 2 of 8 ovarian carcinoma cell lines and 2 of 15 primary ovarian tumors. Overexpression contributes to the malignant phenotype of a subset of human ductal pancreatic cancers. The encoded protein is a general protein kinase capable of phophorylating several known proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Uniprot Description

Akt2: an AGC kinase. Plays critical roles in glucose metabolism and the development or maintenance of proper adipose tissue and islet mass for which other Akt/PKB isoforms are unable to fully compensate. Amplified and overexpressed in human ovarian carcinoma cell lines and amplified in some primary ovarian and pancreatic tumors. Antisense blocks invasiveness in xenografts. Expressed in several insulin-responsive tissues, and one case of Type II diabetes has been associated with a likely LOF point mutation. Mouse mutants have defects in insulin response.

Protein type: Kinase, protein; EC 2.7.11.1; Protein kinase, AGC; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); Oncoprotein; AGC group; AKT family

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19q13.1-q13.2

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; plasma membrane; cell cortex; cytosol; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; kinase activity; ATP binding

Biological Process: fat cell differentiation; glycogen biosynthetic process; apoptosis; positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process; carbohydrate transport; myelin maintenance in the peripheral nervous system; intracellular protein transport across a membrane; positive regulation of vesicle fusion; protein modification process; glucose metabolic process; signal transduction; regulation of cell migration; protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation; regulation of translation; positive regulation of glucose import; cellular response to insulin stimulus; insulin receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation

Disease: Hypoinsulinemic Hypoglycemia With Hemihypertrophy; Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-dependent