Lactoferrin Monoclonal Antibody | anti-LTF antibody
Monoclonal Antibody to Human Lactoferrin
Purity: > % pure determined by size-exclusion chromatography
Purity: > % pure determined by size-exclusion chromatography
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene is a member of the transferrin family of genes and its protein product is found in the secondary granules of neutrophils. The protein is a major iron-binding protein in milk and body secretions with an antimicrobial activity, making it an important component of the non-specific immune system. The protein demonstrates a broad spectrum of properties, including regulation of iron homeostasis, host defense against a broad range of microbial infections, anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of cellular growth and differentiation and protection against cancer development and metastasis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2010]
Uniprot Description
Function: Transferrins are iron binding transport proteins which can bind two Fe3+ ions in association with the binding of an anion, usually bicarbonate. Ref.6 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.34 Ref.35 Ref.37 Ref.38 Ref.39 Ref.40 Ref.41 Ref.42 Ref.44 Ref.46 Ref.48 Ref.51Lactotransferrin is a major iron-binding and multifunctional protein found in exocrine fluids such as breast milk and mucosal secretions. Has antimicrobial activity, which depends on the extracellular cation concentration. Antimicrobial properties include bacteriostasis, which is related to its ability to sequester free iron and thus inhibit microbial growth, as well as direct bactericidal properties leading to the release of lipopolysaccharides from the bacterial outer membrane. Can also prevent bacterial biofilm development in P.aeruginosa infection. Has weak antifungal activity against C.albicans. Has anabolic, differentiating and anti-apoptotic effects on osteoblasts and can also inhibit osteoclastogenesis, possibly playing a role in the regulation of bone growth. Promotes binding of species C adenoviruses to epithelial cells, promoting adenovirus infection. Can inhibit papillomavirus infections. Stimulates the TLR4 signaling pathway leading to NF-kappa-B activation and subsequent pro-inflammatory cytokine production while also interfering with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated TLR4 signaling. Inhibits neutrophil granulocyte migration to sites of apoptosis, when secreted by apoptotic cells. Stimulates VEGFA-mediated endothelial cell migration and proliferation. Binds heparin, chondroitin sulfate and possibly other glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Also binds specifically to pneumococcal surface protein A (pspA), the lipid A portion of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lysozyme and DNA. Ref.6 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.34 Ref.35 Ref.37 Ref.38 Ref.39 Ref.40 Ref.41 Ref.42 Ref.44 Ref.46 Ref.48 Ref.51Lactoferricin binds to the bacterial surface and is crucial for the bactericidal functions. Has some antiviral activity against papillomavirus infection. N-terminal region shows strong antifungal activity against C.albicans. Contains two BBXB heparin-binding consensus sequences that appear to form the predominate functional GAG-binding site. Ref.6 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.34 Ref.35 Ref.37 Ref.38 Ref.39 Ref.40 Ref.41 Ref.42 Ref.44 Ref.46 Ref.48 Ref.51Kaliocin-1 has antimicrobial activity and is able to permeabilize different ions through liposomal membranes. Ref.6 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.34 Ref.35 Ref.37 Ref.38 Ref.39 Ref.40 Ref.41 Ref.42 Ref.44 Ref.46 Ref.48 Ref.51Lactoferroxins A, B and C have opioid antagonist activity. Lactoferroxin A shows preference for mu-receptors, while lactoferroxin B and C have somewhat higher degrees of preference for kappa-receptors than for mu-receptors. Ref.6 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.34 Ref.35 Ref.37 Ref.38 Ref.39 Ref.40 Ref.41 Ref.42 Ref.44 Ref.46 Ref.48 Ref.51The lactotransferrin transferrin-like domain 1 functions as a serine protease of the peptidase S60 family that cuts arginine rich regions. This function contributes to the antimicrobial activity. Ref.6 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.34 Ref.35 Ref.37 Ref.38 Ref.39 Ref.40 Ref.41 Ref.42 Ref.44 Ref.46 Ref.48 Ref.51Isoform DeltaLf: transcription factor with antiproliferative properties and ability to induce cell cycle arrest. Binds to the DeltaLf response element found in the SKP1, BAX, DCPS, and SELH promoters. Ref.6 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.34 Ref.35 Ref.37 Ref.38 Ref.39 Ref.40 Ref.41 Ref.42 Ref.44 Ref.46 Ref.48 Ref.51
Catalytic activity: Preferential at -Arg-Ser-Arg-Arg-|- and -Arg-Arg-Ser-Arg-|-, and of Z-Phe-Arg-|-aminomethylcoumarin.
Subunit structure: Monomer. Found in a complex with LTF, CLU, EPPIN and SEMG1. Ref.43
Subcellular location: Isoform 1: Secreted. Cytoplasmic granule. Note: Secreted into most exocrine fluids by various endothelial cells. Stored in the secondary granules of neutrophils. Ref.28 Ref.36 Ref.39Isoform DeltaLf: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note: Mainly localized in the cytoplasm. Ref.28 Ref.36 Ref.39
Tissue specificity: High levels are found in saliva and tears, intermediate levels in serum and plasma, and low levels in urine. In kidney, detected in the distal collecting tubules in the medulla but not in the cortical region or in blood vessels. Detected in peripheral blood neutrophils (at protein level). Isoform 1 and isoform DeltaLf are expressed in breast, prostate, spleen, pancreas, kidney, small intestine, lung, skeletal muscle, uterus, thymus and fetal liver. Isoform 1 is expressed in brain, testis and peripheral blood leukocytes; isoform DeltaLf is barely detectable in these tissues. Isoform DeltaLf is expressed in placenta, liver and ovary; isoform 1 is barely detectable in these tissues. In kidney, isoform 1 is expressed at high levels in the collecting tubules of the medulla but at very low levels in the cortex. Ref.3 Ref.28 Ref.33
Post-translational modification: Isoform DeltaLf: Ubiquitinated at Lys-379 and Lys-391. Ref.49Poly-N-acetyllactosaminic carbohydrate moiety seems to be needed for TLR4 activation.
Polymorphism: The sequence shown corresponds to the reference genome sequence and is likely to represent the minor allele, whereas most publications refer to the longer sequence containing variant Arg-22 ins. Insertion of the additional arginine in variant Arg-22 ins creates an N-terminal basic cluster of four arginines, all of which appear to be important for the full functionality of the protein, including bactericidal and antifungal activities as well as binding to glycosaminoglycans, pspA, LPS, lysozyme and DNA.
Sequence similarities: Belongs to the transferrin family.Contains 2 transferrin-like domains.
Mass spectrometry: Molecular mass is 5737.8 Da from positions 20 - 67. Determined by ESI. Ref.23
Research Articles on LTF
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Product Notes
The LTF ltf (Catalog #AAA410004) is an Antibody and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The Monoclonal Antibody to Human Lactoferrin reacts with Human lactoferrin, does not cross react with human transferrin (apo or holo). and may cross-react with other species as described in the data sheet. ELISA Pairs. Researchers should empirically determine the suitability of the LTF ltf for an application not listed in the data sheet. Researchers commonly develop new applications and it is an integral, important part of the investigative research process. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "Lactoferrin, Monoclonal Antibody" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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