Background/Introduction: Interleukin (IL)-15 is a cytokine with the ability to stimulate the proliferation activity of Th1 and/or Th2 lymphocytes. IL-15 is a novel cytokine whose effects on T-cell activation and proliferation are similar to those of interleukin-2 (IL-2), presumably because IL-15 utilizes the beta and gamma chains of the IL-2 receptor. IL-15 can play a role in the initiation and outcome of acute and chronic rejection. Anti-IL-15 therapy in combination with classic immunosuppression therapy might thus be beneficial in the prevention of acute, and especially chronic, allograft rejection. The human IL15 gene is mapped to human chromosome 4q31 by fluorescence in situ hybridization.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that regulates T and natural killer cell activation and proliferation. This cytokine and interleukine 2 share many biological activities. They are found to bind common hematopoietin receptor subunits, and may compete for the same receptor, and thus negatively regulate each other's activity. The number of CD8+ memory cells is shown to be controlled by a balance between this cytokine and IL2. This cytokine induces the activation of JAK kinases, as well as the phosphorylation and activation of transcription activators STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggested that this cytokine may increase the expression of apoptosis inhibitor BCL2L1/BCL-x(L), possibly through the transcription activation activity of STAT6, and thus prevent apoptosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
Uniprot Description
IL15: Cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T- lymphocytes. Stimulation by IL-15 requires interaction of IL-15 with components of IL-2R, including IL-2R beta and probably IL-2R gamma but not IL-2R alpha. Belongs to the IL-15/IL-21 family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.
Protein type: Secreted; Cytokine; Cell cycle regulation; Secreted, signal peptide
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q31
Cellular Component: cell surface; cytoplasm; endosome; extracellular region; extracellular space; Golgi apparatus; integral to plasma membrane; membrane; nucleoplasm
Molecular Function: cytokine activity; hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding; protein binding
Biological Process: aging; cell maturation; cell-cell signaling; extrathymic T cell selection; hyaluronan metabolic process; immune response; inflammatory response; lymph node development; natural killer cell differentiation; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; NK T cell proliferation; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of immune response; positive regulation of inflammatory response; positive regulation of interleukin-17 production; positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation; positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation; positive regulation of T cell proliferation; positive regulation of tissue remodeling; positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein; regulation of defense response to virus by host; regulation of T cell differentiation; signal transduction; skeletal muscle atrophy; tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein
Research Articles on IL15
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Product Notes
The Human IL15 il15 (Catalog #AAA8244645) is an ELISA Kit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The AAA8244645 ELISA Kit recognizes Human IL15. AAA Biotech's IL-15 can be used in a range of immunoassay formats including, but not limited to, Sandwich ELISA (EIA). Researchers should empirically determine the suitability of the IL15 il15 for an application not listed in the data sheet. Researchers commonly develop new applications and it is an integral, important part of the investigative research process. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "IL-15, ELISA Kit" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
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