Background/Introduction: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is an integral membrane protein, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, and a ligand for lymphocyte function-associated (LFA) antigens, a beta 2 leukocyte integrin. The normal function of human intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is to provide adhesion between endothelial cells and leukocytes after injury or stress. ICAM-1 binds to leukocyte function-associated antigen (LFA-1) or macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1). ICAM-1 is found on leukocytes, fibroblasts, epithelial cells and endothelial cells and its expression is regulated by inflammatory cytokines. ICAM-1 has a tissue distribution similar to that of the major histocompatibility complex class II antigens and is likely to play a role in inflammatory responses.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene encodes a cell surface glycoprotein which is typically expressed on endothelial cells and cells of the immune system. It binds to integrins of type CD11a / CD18, or CD11b / CD18 and is also exploited by Rhinovirus as a receptor. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Uniprot Description
ICAM1: a type I membrane protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Is a ligand for the leukocyte adhesion LFA-1 protein (Integrin alpha-L/beta-2) and a Rhinovirus receptor. Typically expressed on endothelial cells and cells of the immune system. ICAM1 binds to integrins of type CD11a / CD18, or CD11b / CD18. Its expression is activated by p53 in an NF-kappaB-independent manner. Induced by TNFalpha in a process that involves IKKbeta.
Protein type: Membrane protein, integral; Cell adhesion; Immunoglobulin superfamily
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19p13.3-p13.2
Cellular Component: cell surface; external side of plasma membrane; extracellular space; focal adhesion; immunological synapse; integral to plasma membrane; lipid raft; membrane; plasma membrane
Molecular Function: integrin binding; protein binding; receptor activity; transmembrane receptor activity; viral receptor activity
Biological Process: activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus; adhesion to host; cell adhesion; cell adhesion mediated by integrin; cell aging; cellular response to nutrient levels; cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; entry of virus into host cell; extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis; heterophilic cell adhesion; leukocyte adhesion; leukocyte migration; membrane to membrane docking; negative regulation of calcium ion transport; ovarian follicle development; positive regulation of actin filament polymerization; positive regulation of cellular extravasation; positive regulation of GTPase activity; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; positive regulation of vasoconstriction; regulation of cell adhesion; regulation of cell shape; regulation of immune response; regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity; response to amino acid stimulus; response to amphetamine; response to copper ion; response to drug; response to ethanol; response to ionizing radiation; response to organic cyclic substance; response to sulfur dioxide; sensory perception of sound; T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell; T cell antigen processing and presentation; virion attachment, binding of host cell surface receptor
Disease: Malaria, Susceptibility To