Defensins, Alpha, Mixed from Human Neutrophils (HNP, Human Neutrophil Peptides) Protein | HNP-4 protein

Defensins, Alpha, Mixed from Human Neutrophils (HNP, Human Neutrophil Peptides)

Cat. Num. AAA844091

• Gene Names: DEFA4; HP4; DEF4; HP-4; HNP-4
• Applications: SDS-Page
• Purity: >=95% by SDS-PAGE.
• Synonyms: Defensins; Alpha; Mixed from Human Neutrophils (HNP; Human Neutrophil Peptides); Neutrophil defensin 4; Defensin; alpha 4; HNP-4; HNP-4 protein

• Host: Human Neutrophil
• Purity/Purification: >=95% by SDS-PAGE.
• Form/Format: Frozen in 1 M acetic acid.
• Sequence Length: 97

• Applicable Applications for HNP-4 protein: SDS-PAGE
• Extinction coefficient: 2.95 kDa
• Host Note: Prepared from whole blood shown to be non-reactive for HBsAg, anti- HCV , anti HBc, and negative for anti-HIV 1 & 2 by FDA approved tests.
• Handling: Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.
• Preparation and Storage: Aliquot and store at -70°C or lower. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing cycles.; ; Ships in blue ice.

Testing Data

Related Product Information for HNP-4 protein

Background: Alpha defensins are a family of mammalian defensin peptides. In general, defensins are small cysteine-rich cationic proteins found in both vertebrates and invertebrates. These mixed alpha defensins are purified from human neutrophils. These peptides are active in killing bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses, and therefore, enable the neutrophils to inactivate and destroy potential pathogens. Defensins damage or kill ingested microbes by penetrating the microbial' s cell membrane by way of electrical attraction, and consequently forming pores in the membrane. Human neutrophil-derived alpha-defensins (HNPs) are capable of enhancing phagocytosis by mouse macrophages. HNP1-3 have been reported to increase the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-1, while decreasing the production of IL-10 by monocytes. Increased levels of proinflammatory factors (e.g., IL-1, TNF, histamine and prostaglandin D2) and suppressed levels of IL-10 at the site of microbial infection are likely to amplify local inflammatory responses. This might be further reinforced by the capacity of some human and rabbit alpha-defensins to inhibit the production of immunosuppressive glucocorticoids by competing for the binding of adrenocorticotropic hormone to its receptor. Moreover, human alpha-defensins can enhance or suppress the activation of the classical pathway of complement in vitro by binding to solid-phase or fluid-phase complement C1q, respectively. The capacity of defensins to enhance phagocytosis, promote neutrophil recruitment, enhance the production of proinflammatory cytokines, suppress anti-inflammatory mediators and regulate complement activation argues that defensins upregulate innate host inflammatory defenses against microbial invasion.

Product Categories/Family for HNP-4 protein

Proteins and Enzymes; Native Proteins (NEW CATEGORY) Proteins and Enzymes; Proteins and Enzymes (A-Z)

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 4503303
• NCBI GeneID: 1669
• NCBI Accession #: NP_001916.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_001925.2
• UniProt Accession #: P12838; Q6EZF8
• Molecular Weight: < 3.5 kDa
• NCBI Official Full Name: neutrophil defensin 4 preproprotein
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: defensin, alpha 4, corticostatin
• NCBI Official Symbol: DEFA4
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: HP4; DEF4; HP-4; HNP-4
• NCBI Protein Information: neutrophil defensin 4
• UniProt Protein Name: Neutrophil defensin 4
• UniProt Gene Name: DEFA4
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: DEF4; HP-4
• UniProt Entry Name: DEF4_HUMAN

NCBI Description

Defensins are a family of antimicrobial and cytotoxic peptides thought to be involved in host defense. They are abundant in the granules of neutrophils and also found in the epithelia of mucosal surfaces such as those of the intestine, respiratory tract, urinary tract, and vagina. Members of the defensin family are highly similar in protein sequence and distinguished by a conserved cysteine motif. Several alpha defensin genes are clustered on chromosome 8. This gene differs from other genes of this family by an extra 83-base segment that is apparently the result of a recent duplication within the coding region. The protein encoded by this gene, defensin, alpha 4, is found in the neutrophils; it exhibits corticostatic activity and inhibits corticotropin stimulated corticosterone production. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

Uniprot Description

DEFA4: Has antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, and to a lesser extent also against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Protects blood cells against infection with HIV-1 (in vitro). Inhibits corticotropin (ACTH)-stimulated corticosterone production. Belongs to the alpha-defensin family.

Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 8p23

Cellular Component: extracellular space; Golgi lumen; extracellular region

Biological Process: killing of cells of another organism; antibacterial humoral response; innate immune response; defense response to fungus