Human APOE PicoKine ELISA Kit | APOE elisa kit

Human APOE PicoKine ELISA Kit

Cat. Num. AAA177571

• Gene Names: APOE; AD2; LPG; APO-E; LDLCQ5
• Reactivity: Human
• Synonyms: APOE PicoKine; Human APOE PicoKine ELISA Kit; Apolipoprotein E; AD2; Alzheimer disease 2; Apo E; Apo-E; ApoE; APOEA; Apolipoprotein-E; ApolipoproteinE; Apoprotein; LDLCQ5; LPG; apolipoprotein E; APOE elisa kit

• Reactivity: Human
• Specificity: Natural and recombinant Human APOE
• Sequence Length: 317

• Samples: Cell culture supernates, serum, plasma(heparin, EDTA), saliva, milk and urine
• Assay Type: Quantitative Sandwich
• Detection Range: 3.12ng/ml-200ng/ml
• Sensitivity: <50pg/ml
• Intra-assay Precision: Intra-Assay Precision (Precision within an assay) Three samples of known concentration were tested on one plate to assess intra-assay precision.
• Inter-assay Precision: Inter-Assay Precision (Precision between assays) Three samples of known concentration were tested in separate assays to assess inter-assay precision.
• Preparation and Storage: Store at 4 degree C for 6 months, at -20 degree C for 12 months. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

Typical Testing Data/Standard Curve (for reference only)

(Human APOE PicoKine ELISA Kit standard curve )

Related Product Information for APOE elisa kit

Principle of the Assay: Human APOE ELISA Kit was based on standard sandwich enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay technology. A specific for APOE has been precoated onto 96-well plates. Standards(Expression system for standard: E.coli; Immunogen sequence: K19-H317) and test samples are added to the wells, a biotinylated detection specific for APOE is added subsequently and then followed by washing with PBS or TBS buffer. Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex was added and unbound conjugates were washed away with PBS or TBS buffer. HRP substrate TMB was used to visualize HRP enzymatic reaction. TMB was catalyzed by HRP to produce a blue color product that changed into yellow after adding acidic stop solution. The density of yellow is proportional to the Human APOE amount of sample captured in plate.

Background: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a class of apolipoprotein found in the chylomicron and Intermediatedensity lipoprotein (IDLs) that is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. In peripheral tissues, APOE is primarily produced by the liver and macrophages, and mediates cholesterol metabolism in an isoform- dependent manner. In the central nervous system, APOE is mainly produced by astrocytes, and transports cholesterol to neurons via APOE receptors, which are members of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene family. This protein is involved in Alzheimer"s disease and cardiovascular disease.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 4557325
• NCBI GeneID: 348
• NCBI Accession #: NP_000032.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_000041.3
• UniProt Accession #: P02649; Q9P2S4; B2RC15; C0JYY5
• Molecular Weight: 36,154 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: apolipoprotein E isoform b
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: apolipoprotein E
• NCBI Official Symbol: APOE
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: AD2; LPG; APO-E; LDLCQ5
• NCBI Protein Information: apolipoprotein E
• UniProt Protein Name: Apolipoprotein E
• Protein Family: Apolipoprotein
• UniProt Gene Name: APOE
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: Apo-E
• UniProt Entry Name: APOE_HUMAN

NCBI Description

The protein encoded by this gene is a major apoprotein of the chylomicron. It binds to a specific liver and peripheral cell receptor, and is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. This gene maps to chromosome 19 in a cluster with the related apolipoprotein C1 and C2 genes. Mutations in this gene result in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, or type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III), in which increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are the consequence of impaired clearance of chylomicron and VLDL remnants. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

Uniprot Description

APOE: Mediates the binding, internalization, and catabolism of lipoprotein particles. It can serve as a ligand for the LDL (apo B/E) receptor and for the specific apo-E receptor (chylomicron remnant) of hepatic tissues. Defects in APOE are a cause of hyperlipoproteinemia type 3 (HLPP3); also known as familial dysbetalipoproteinemia. Individuals with HLPP3 are clinically characterized by xanthomas, yellowish lipid deposits in the palmar crease, or less specific on tendons and on elbows. The disorder rarely manifests before the third decade in men. In women, it is usually expressed only after the menopause. The vast majority of the patients are homozygous for APOE*2 alleles. More severe cases of HLPP3 have also been observed in individuals heterozygous for rare APOE variants. The influence of APOE on lipid levels is often suggested to have major implications for the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Individuals carrying the common APOE*4 variant are at higher risk of CAD. Genetic variations in APOE are associated with Alzheimer disease type 2 (AD2). It is a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive dementia, loss of cognitive abilities, and deposition of fibrillar amyloid proteins as intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, extracellular amyloid plaques and vascular amyloid deposits. The major constituent of these plaques is the neurotoxic amyloid-beta-APP 40-42 peptide (s), derived proteolytically from the transmembrane precursor protein APP by sequential secretase processing. The cytotoxic C-terminal fragments (CTFs) and the caspase-cleaved products such as C31 derived from APP, are also implicated in neuronal death. The APOE*4 allele is genetically associated with the common late onset familial and sporadic forms of Alzheimer disease. Risk for AD increased from 20% to 90% and mean age at onset decreased from 84 to 68 years with increasing number of APOE*4 alleles in 42 families with late onset AD. Thus APOE*4 gene dose is a major risk factor for late onset AD and, in these families, homozygosity for APOE*4 was virtually sufficient to cause AD by age 80. The mechanism by which APOE*4 participates in pathogenesis is not known. Defects in APOE are a cause of sea-blue histiocyte disease (SBHD); also known as sea-blue histiocytosis. This disorder is characterized by splenomegaly, mild thrombocytopenia and, in the bone marrow, numerous histiocytes containing cytoplasmic granules which stain bright blue with the usual hematologic stains. The syndrome is the consequence of an inherited metabolic defect analogous to Gaucher disease and other sphingolipidoses. Defects in APOE are a cause of lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG). LPG is an uncommon kidney disease characterized by proteinuria, progressive kidney failure, and distinctive lipoprotein thrombi in glomerular capillaries. It mainly affects people of Japanese and Chinese origin. The disorder has rarely been described in Caucasians. Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family.

Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide; Lipid-binding

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19q13.2

Cellular Component: cell soma; chylomicron; cytoplasm; dendrite; early endosome; endoplasmic reticulum; extracellular matrix; extracellular region; extracellular space; Golgi apparatus; membrane; nucleus; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: antioxidant activity; beta-amyloid binding; cholesterol binding; cholesterol transporter activity; heparin binding; identical protein binding; lipid binding; lipid transporter activity; low-density lipoprotein receptor binding; metal chelating activity; phospholipid binding; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; tau protein binding

Biological Process: artery morphogenesis; cellular calcium ion homeostasis; cGMP-mediated signaling; cholesterol catabolic process; cholesterol efflux; cholesterol homeostasis; cholesterol metabolic process; cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; fatty acid homeostasis; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; intracellular transport; lipoprotein biosynthetic process; lipoprotein catabolic process; lipoprotein metabolic process; long-chain fatty acid transport; maintenance of cellular localization; negative regulation of blood coagulation; negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; negative regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process; negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; negative regulation of inflammatory response; negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process; negative regulation of MAP kinase activity; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; neurite regeneration; nitric oxide mediated signal transduction; phospholipid efflux; positive regulation of cGMP biosynthetic process; positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process; positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor catabolic process; positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis; positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity; protein import; receptor-mediated endocytosis; regulation of axon extension; regulation of Cdc42 protein signal transduction; regulation of gene expression; regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity; response to dietary excess; response to reactive oxygen species; retinoid metabolic process; reverse cholesterol transport; synaptic transmission, cholinergic; triacylglycerol catabolic process; triacylglycerol metabolic process; vasodilation; virus assembly

Disease: Alzheimer Disease 2; Alzheimer Disease 4; Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy; Macular Degeneration, Age-related, 1; Sea-blue Histiocyte Disease