VEGF165 active protein

Human VEGF165

Cat. Num. AAA692118

• Gene Names: VEGFA; VPF; VEGF; MVCD1
• Reactivity: Human
• Purity: > 95% by SDS-PAGE & silver stain
• Synonyms: VEGF165; Human VEGF165; VEGF-A; VPF; VEGF165 active protein

• Host: E Coli
• Reactivity: Human
• Purity/Purification: > 95% by SDS-PAGE & silver stain
• Form/Format: Lyophilized
• Sequence: N-Terminal Sequence: APMAEGG
• Sequence Length: 165

• Endotoxin Level: < 0.1ng per ug of human VEGF165
• Buffer: 50 mM acetic acid
• Preparation and Storage: Lyophilized samples are stable for greater than six months at -20 degree C to -70 degree C. Reconstituted VEGF165 should be stored in working aliquots at -20 degree C.

Testing Data

Testing Data #2

Related Product Information for VEGF165 active protein

Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor VEGF165, a 23 kDa protein consisting of 165 amino acid residues, is produced as a homodimer. VEGF is a polypeptide growth factor and a member of the platelet-derived growth factor family. It is a specific mitogen for vascular endothelial cells and a strong angiogenic factor in vivo. Two high-affinity tyrosine kinase receptors for VEGF165 have been identified, VEGFR-1 (FLT-1), and VEGFR-2 (KDR). Consistent with the endothelial cell-specific action of VEGF165, expression of both receptor genes has been found predominantly but not exclusively on endothelial cells. Expression of VEGFR-1 was also found on human monocytes, neutrophils (PMNs), bovine brain pericytes and villous and extra villous trophoblast. In addition to its action as a mitogen it is a potent vascular permeability factor (VPF) in vivo. VEGF165 is also a chemo attractant molecule for monocytes and endothelial cells. 5 different proteins are generated by differential splicing: VEGF121, VEGF145, VEGF165, VEGF189 and VEGF206. The most abundant form is VEGF165. Whereas VEGF121 and VEGF165 are secreted proteins, VEGF145, VEGF189 and VEGF206 are strongly cell-associated. The isoforms VEGF145, VEGF165 and VEGF189 bind to heparin with high affinity. VEGF165 is apparently a homo-dimer, but preparations of VEGF165 show some heterogeneity on SDS gels, depending on the secretion of different glycosylation patterns. All dimeric forms have similar biological activities but their bioavailability is very different. There is good evidence that different cells and tissues express different VEGF isoforms. The other members of this increasing growth factor family are VEGF-B, -C, -D and -E. Another member is the Placenta growth factor PlGF.

Product Categories/Family for VEGF165 active protein

Cytokines & Growth Factors

References

1. Breier et al., Dev 114:521, 1992 2. Fiebig et al., Eur J Biochem 211:19, 1993 3. Flamme et al., Dev Biol 162:699, 1995 4. Kremer at al., Cancer Res 57:3852, 1997

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 76781480
• NCBI GeneID: 7422
• NCBI Accession #: NP_001165097
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_001171626
• UniProt Accession #: P15692; O60720; O75875; Q074Z4; Q16889; Q5UB46; Q6P0P5; Q96KJ0; Q96L82; Q96NW5; Q9H1W8; B5BU86
• Molecular Weight: 38,2 kDa
• NCBI Official Full Name: vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform a
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: vascular endothelial growth factor A
• NCBI Official Symbol: VEGFA
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: VPF; VEGF; MVCD1
• NCBI Protein Information: vascular endothelial growth factor A; vascular permeability factor
• UniProt Protein Name: Vascular endothelial growth factor A
• UniProt Gene Name: VEGFA
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: VEGF; VEGF-A; VPF
• UniProt Entry Name: VEGFA_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene is a member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family and encodes a protein that is often found as a disulfide linked homodimer. This protein is a glycosylated mitogen that specifically acts on endothelial cells and has various effects, including mediating increased vascular permeability, inducing angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth, promoting cell migration, and inhibiting apoptosis. Elevated levels of this protein is linked to POEMS syndrome, also known as Crow-Fukase syndrome. Mutations in this gene have been associated with proliferative and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Alternatively spliced transcript variants, encoding either freely secreted or cell-associated isoforms, have been characterized. There is also evidence for the use of non-AUG (CUG) translation initiation sites upstream of, and in-frame with the first AUG, leading to additional isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Uniprot Description

Function: Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and VEGF-145. Isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth. Ref.27 Ref.30 Ref.33

Subunit structure: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Also found as heterodimer with PGF

By similarity.

Subcellular location: Secreted. Note: VEGF121 is acidic and freely secreted. VEGF165 is more basic, has heparin-binding properties and, although a signicant proportion remains cell-associated, most is freely secreted. VEGF189 is very basic, it is cell-associated after secretion and is bound avidly by heparin and the extracellular matrix, although it may be released as a soluble form by heparin, heparinase or plasmin. Ref.26 Ref.28 Ref.32

Tissue specificity: Isoform VEGF189, isoform VEGF165 and isoform VEGF121 are widely expressed. Isoform VEGF206 and isoform VEGF145 are not widely expressed.

Induction: Regulated by growth factors, cytokines, gonadotropins, nitric oxide, hypoxia, hypoglycemia and oncogenic mutations.

Involvement in disease: Microvascular complications of diabetes 1 (MVCD1) [MIM:603933]: Pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of new-onset blindness among diabetic adults. It is characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis.Note: Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family.

Sequence caution: The sequence AAC63102.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. The sequence AAC63143.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence CAC19512.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence CAC19516.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.