Listeriolysin O Active Protein | hly active protein
Listeriolysin O, Recombinant (LLO)
Purity
Highly Purified90% by SDS-PAGE.
Synonyms
Listeriolysin O; Recombinant (LLO); hly active protein
Host
E Coli
Purity/Purification
Highly Purified
90% by SDS-PAGE.
90% by SDS-PAGE.
Form/Format
Supplied as a liquid in 50mM NaH2PO4, 0.5M sodium chloride, 1mM EDTA, 2.7mM potassium chloride, 1mM DTT, 5% glycerol.
Application Notes
Suitable for use in Cytosolic delivery of molecules, peptides, oligonucleodides and plasmid DNA, Production of specific monoclonal antibodies and Detection of anti-listeriolysin O antibodies.
Biological Activity
Recombinant LLO has a hemolytic activity 1.25x10e6 HU/mg. 2mM DTT is used to reactivate the toxin.
Preparation and Storage
May be stored at 4 degree C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degree C. Aliquots are stable for 6 months at -20 degree C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.
Related Product Information for hly active protein
Listeriolysin O (aka LLO) is a hemolysin produced by Listeria monocytogenes bacteria, the pathogen responsible for causing listeriosis. The toxin may be regarded as a virulence factor, since it is crucial for the virulence of L. monocytogenes. LLO is a single polypeptide protein encoded by the hlyA gene and composed of 529 residues. LLO is a thiol-activated cholesterol-dependent pore forming toxin protein; therefore, it is activated by reducing agents and inhibited by oxidizing agents. Still, LLO differs from other thiol-activated toxins, as its cytolytic activity is maximized at a pH of 5.5. Inside the acidic phagosomes (average pH ~ 5.9) of cells that have phagocytosed L. monocytogenes, LLO is selectively activated by maximizing activity at a pH of 5.5. Following the phagosome lysis by LLO, the bacterium breaks out into the cytosol, where it is able to grow intracellularly, and the toxin has reduced activity in the more basic cytosol. Thus, LLO permits L. monocytogenes to break out from the phagosomes into the cytosol without harming the plasma membrane of the infected cell, which allows the bacteria to live intracellularly, where they are sheltered from extracellular immune system factors such as the complement system and antibodies. LLO also brings about dephosphorylation of histone H3 and deacetylation of histone H4 in the early phases of infection, before entry of L. monocytogenes into the host cell. The pore-forming activity is not implicated in causing the histone modifications. The modifications of the histones affect the down regulation of genes encoding proteins involved in the inflammatory response. Therefore, LLO may be significant in subverting the host immune response to L. monocytogenes. At its NH2-terminus it possesses a 25 residues long typical signal sequence excited during the secretion process. Moreover, in its NH2-terminus there is also a 19 amino acids PEST- like sequence that may target this toxin for degradation. The PEST-like sequence found in LLO and is considered crucial for virulence, given that mutants lacking the sequence lysed the host cell. Nevertheless, contrary to PEST's supposed role in protein degradation, evidence implies that the PEST-like sequence may control LLO production in the cytosol rather than increase degradation of LLO.
Product Categories/Family for hly active protein
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI GI #
UniProt Accession #
Molecular Weight
58kD
NCBI Official Full Name
listeriolysin O
UniProt Protein Name
Listeriolysin O
Protein Family
UniProt Gene Name
hly
UniProt Entry Name
Q6LB22_LISMN
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Product Notes
The Listeriolysin O hly (Catalog #AAA636472) is an Active Protein produced from E Coli and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. Suitable for use in Cytosolic delivery of molecules, peptides, oligonucleodides and plasmid DNA, Production of specific monoclonal antibodies and Detection of anti-listeriolysin O antibodies. Researchers should empirically determine the suitability of the Listeriolysin O hly for an application not listed in the data sheet. Researchers commonly develop new applications and it is an integral, important part of the investigative research process. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "Listeriolysin O, Active Protein" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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