ARRB2 / Beta-Arrestin-2 Recombinant Protein | ARRB2 recombinant protein

Human ARRB2 / Beta-Arrestin-2 Recombinant Protein

• Gene Names: ARRB2; ARB2; ARR2; BARR2
• Applications: ELISA, Western Blot
• Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE
• Synonyms: ARRB2 / Beta-Arrestin-2; Human ARRB2 / Beta-Arrestin-2 Recombinant Protein; Beta-arrestin-2; Arrestin beta-2; ARB2; ARR2; ARRB2 recombinant protein

• Host: E Coli
• Purity/Purification: >95% by SDS-PAGE
• Form/Format: Liquid; 50mM NaH2PO4, 500mM NaCl Buffer with 500mM Imidazole, 10% Glycerol (PH8.0)
• Concentration: Reconstitution Dependent (varies by lot)
• Sequence Length: 409

• Applicable Applications for ARRB2 recombinant protein: ELISA (EIA), Western Blot (WB), Antigen Protein (AP), Protein Array
• Species: Human
• Tag: His
• Subunit: Homooligomer; the self-association is mediated by InsP6-binding (Probable). Heterooligomer with ARRB1; the association is mediated by InsP6-binding. Interacts with ADRB2 AND CHRM2. Interacts with PDE4A. Interacts with PDE4D. Interacts with MAPK10, MAPK1 and MAPK3. Interacts with DRD2. Interacts with FSHR. Interacts with CLTC. Interacts with HTR2C. Interacts with CCR5. Interacts with CXCR4. Interacts with SRC. Interacts with DUSP16; the interaction is interrupted by stimulation of AGTR1 and activation of MAPK10. Interacts with CHUK; the interaction is enhanced stimulation of ADRB2. Interacts with RELA. Interacts with MDM2; the interaction is enhanced by activation of GPCRs. Interacts with SLC9A5. Interacts with TRAF6. Interacts with IGF1R. Interacts with ENG. Interacts with KIR2DL1, KIR2DL3 and KIR2DL4. Interacts with LDLR. Interacts with AP2B1. Interacts with C5AR1. Interacts with RAF1. Interacts with MAP2K1. Interacts with MAPK1. Interacts with MAPK10; the interaction enhances MAPK10 activation by MAP3K5. Interacts with MAP2K4; the interaction is enhanced by presence of MAP3K5 and MAPK10. Interacts with MAP3K5. Interacts with AKT1. Interacts with IKBKB and MAP3K14. Interacts with SMO (activated). Interacts with GSK3A and GSK3B. Associates with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) (By similarity). Interacts with DHX8; the interaction is detected in the nucleus upon OR1D2 stimulation. Interacts with GAPDHS; the interaction is detected in the nucleus upon OR1D2 stimulation. Interacts with H2AFX; the interaction is detected in the nucleus upon OR1D2 stimulation. Interacts with KIF14; the interaction is detected in the nucleus upon OR1D2 stimulation. Interacts with RCC1; the interaction is detected in the nucleus upon OR1D2 stimulation. Interacts with CXCR4; the interaction is dependent on C-terminal phosphorylation of CXCR4 and allows activation of MAPK1 and MAPK3. Interacts with GPR143. Interacts with HCK and CXCR1 (phosphorylated). Interacts with ACKR3 and ACKR4.
• Entry Function: Functions in regulating agonist-mediated G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by mediating both receptor desensitization and resensitization processes. During homologous desensitization, beta-arrestins bind to the GPRK-phosphorylated receptor and sterically preclude its coupling to the cognate G-protein; the binding appears to require additional receptor determinants exposed only in the active receptor conformation. The beta-arrestins target many receptors for internalization by acting as endocytic adapters (CLASPs, clathrin-associated sorting proteins) and recruiting the GPRCs to the adapter protein 2 complex 2 (AP-2) in clathrin-coated pits (CCPs). However, the extent of beta-arrestin involvement appears to vary significantly depending on the receptor, agonist and cell type. Internalized arrestin-receptor complexes traffic to intracellular endosomes, where they remain uncoupled from G-proteins. Two different modes of arrestin-mediated internalization occur. Class A receptors, like ADRB2, OPRM1, ENDRA, D1AR and ADRA1B dissociate from beta-arrestin at or near the plasma membrane and undergo rapid recycling. Class B receptors, like AVPR2, AGTR1, NTSR1, TRHR and TACR1 internalize as a complex with arrestin and traffic with it to endosomal vesicles, presumably as desensitized receptors, for extended periods of time. Receptor resensitization then requires that receptor-bound arrestin is removed so that the receptor can be dephosphorylated and returned to the plasma membrane. Mediates endocytosis of CCR7 following ligation of CCL19 but not CCL21. Involved in internalization of P2RY1, P2RY4, P2RY6 and P2RY11 and ATP-stimulated internalization of P2RY2. Involved in phosphorylation-dependent internalization of OPRD1 and subsequent recycling or degradation. Involved in ubiquitination of IGF1R. Beta-arrestins function as multivalent adapter proteins that can switch the GPCR from a G-protein signaling mode that transmits short-lived signals from the plasma membrane via small molecule second messengers and ion channels to a beta-arrestin signaling mode that transmits a distinct set of signals that are initiated as the receptor internalizes and transits the intracellular compartment. Acts as signaling scaffold for MAPK pathways such as MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) and MAPK10 (JNK3). ERK1/2 and JNK3 activated by the beta-arrestin scaffold are largely excluded from the nucleus and confined to cytoplasmic locations such as endocytic vesicles, also called beta-arrestin signalosomes. Acts as signaling scaffold for the AKT1 pathway. GPCRs for which the beta-arrestin-mediated signaling relies on both ARRB1 and ARRB2 (codependent regulation) include ADRB2, F2RL1 and PTH1R. For some GPCRs the beta-arrestin-mediated signaling relies on either ARRB1 or ARRB2 and is inhibited by the other respective beta-arrestin form (reciprocal regulation). Increases ERK1/2 signaling in AGTR1- and AVPR2-mediated activation (reciprocal regulation). Involved in CCR7-mediated ERK1/2 signaling involving ligand CCL19. Is involved in type-1A angiotensin II receptor/AGTR1-mediated ERK activity. Is involved in type-1A angiotensin II receptor/AGTR1-mediated MAPK10 activity. Is involved in dopamine-stimulated AKT1 activity in the striatum by disrupting the association of AKT1 with its negative regulator PP2A. Involved in AGTR1-mediated chemotaxis. Appears to function as signaling scaffold involved in regulation of MIP-1-beta-stimulated CCR5-dependent chemotaxis. Involved in attenuation of NF-kappa-B-dependent transcription in response to GPCR or cytokine stimulation by interacting with and stabilizing CHUK. Suppresses UV-induced NF-kappa-B-dependent activation by interacting with CHUK. The function is promoted by stimulation of ADRB2 and dephosphorylation of ARRB2. Involved in p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis by regulating MDM2 and reducing the MDM2-mediated degradation of p53/TP53. May serve as nuclear messenger for GPCRs. Upon stimulation of OR1D2, may be involved in regulation of gene expression during the early processes of fertilization. Also involved in regulation of receptors other than GPCRs. Involved in endocytosis of TGFBR2 and TGFBR3 and down-regulates TGF-beta signaling such as NF-kappa-B activation. Involved in endocytosis of low-density lipoprotein receptor/LDLR. Involved in endocytosis of smoothened homolog/Smo, which also requires GRK2. Involved in endocytosis of SLC9A5. Involved in endocytosis of ENG and subsequent TGF-beta-mediated ERK activation and migration of epithelial cells. Involved in Toll-like receptor and IL-1 receptor signaling through the interaction with TRAF6 which prevents TRAF6 autoubiquitination and oligomerization required for activation of NF-kappa-B and JUN. Involved in insulin resistance by acting as insulin-induced signaling scaffold for SRC, AKT1 and INSR. Involved in regulation of inhibitory signaling of natural killer cells by recruiting PTPN6 and PTPN11 to KIR2DL1. Involved in IL8-mediated granule release in neutrophils. Involved in the internalization of the atypical chemokine receptor ACKR3.
• Preparation and Storage: Store at -20 degree C. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 20141230
• NCBI GeneID: 409
• UniProt Accession #: P32121
• NCBI Official Full Name: Beta-arrestin-2
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: arrestin beta 2
• NCBI Official Symbol: ARRB2
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: ARB2; ARR2; BARR2
• NCBI Protein Information: beta-arrestin-2
• UniProt Protein Name: Beta-arrestin-2
• Protein Family: Beta-arrestin
• UniProt Gene Name: ARRB2
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: ARB2; ARR2
• UniProt Entry Name: ARRB2_HUMAN

NCBI Description

Members of arrestin/beta-arrestin protein family are thought to participate in agonist-mediated desensitization of G-protein-coupled receptors and cause specific dampening of cellular responses to stimuli such as hormones, neurotransmitters, or sensory signals. Arrestin beta 2, like arrestin beta 1, was shown to inhibit beta-adrenergic receptor function in vitro. It is expressed at high levels in the central nervous system and may play a role in the regulation of synaptic receptors. Besides the brain, a cDNA for arrestin beta 2 was isolated from thyroid gland, and thus it may also be involved in hormone-specific desensitization of TSH receptors. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

Uniprot Description

ARRB2: a member of the arrestin/beta-arrestin protein family. These proteins participate in agonist-mediated desensitization of G-protein-coupled receptors. Acts as a cofactor in the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (BARK) mediated desensitization of beta-adrenergic receptors. Expressed at high levels in the CNS and peripheral blood leukocytes.

Protein type: Adaptor/scaffold

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17p13

Cellular Component: postsynaptic membrane; endocytic vesicle; basolateral plasma membrane; postsynaptic density; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; dendritic spine; coated pit; cytoplasmic vesicle; cytosol; nucleus

Molecular Function: angiotensin receptor binding; protein domain specific binding; protein kinase B binding; type 2A serotonin receptor binding; follicle stimulating hormone receptor binding; alpha-1B adrenergic receptor binding; alpha-1A adrenergic receptor binding; protein binding; enzyme binding; G-protein-coupled receptor binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; protein complex binding; mitogen-activated protein kinase binding; type 1 angiotensin receptor binding; protein complex scaffold; D1 dopamine receptor binding; receptor binding

Biological Process: transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; follicle-stimulating hormone signaling pathway; positive regulation of receptor internalization; protein ubiquitination; negative regulation of caspase activity; adult walking behavior; protein transport; receptor internalization; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of interleukin-6 production; detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain; arrestin mediated desensitization of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; platelet activation; negative regulation of interleukin-12 production; Notch signaling pathway; negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; positive regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic; negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production; positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; G-protein coupled receptor internalization; inhibition of NF-kappaB transcription factor; positive regulation of protein ubiquitination; negative regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of protein ubiquitination; brain development; positive regulation of calcium ion transport; blood coagulation