Typical Testing Data/Standard Curve (for reference only)
Alpha Fetoprotein ELISA Kit | AFP elisa kit
Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP)
Typical Testing Data/Standard Curve (for reference only)
Typical Testing Data/Standard Curve (for reference only)
Principle of the Assay: This AFP enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) applies a technique called quantitative sandwich immunoassay. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with a monoclonal antibody specific for AFP. Standards or samples are then added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells and incubated. AFP if present, will bind and become immobilized by the antibody pre-coated on the wells. The microtiter plate wells are thoroughly washed to remove any unbound AFP and other components of sample. In order to quantitate the amount of AFP present in the sample, a standardized preparation of horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated monoclonal antibody specific for AFP is added to each well to "sandwich" the AFP immobilized during the first incubation. The microtiter plate then undergoes a second incubation. The wells are thoroughly washed to remove all unbound HRP-conjugated antibodies and a TMB (3,3'5,5' tetramethyl-benzidine) substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain AFP and enzyme-substrate reaction will exhibit a change in colour. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of sulphuric acid solution and the colour change measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm +/- 2 nm. In order to measure the concentration of AFP in the samples, this kit includes a set standard. This allows the operator to produce a standard curve of Optical Density (O.D) versus AFP (ng/mL). The concentration of AFP in the samples is then determined by comparing the O.D. of the samples to the standard curve.
Background/Introduction: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 65,000 Daltons. It is normally produced in large amounts by liver, the visceral endoderm of foetus. Alpha-fetoprotein level increases progressively and reaches a peak at the 30th week in the maternal serum. Thereafter, it decreases gradually and reduces to trace amount with a couple of years after birth. Human AFP gene is located at the chromosomal location 4q25. The expression of AFP is regulated by a large promoter P1 and three distant enhancers. AFP expression abnormality is a relatively common genetic disorder that affects intellectual development and causes other health problems. Increased AFP expression is observed in adults that developed metastasis of liver and other organs. AFP is thought to be a foetal form of serum albumin and exists in monomeric, dimeric and trimeric forms. It binds to copper, nickel, fatty acids and bilirubin. The exact function of human AFP is still under investigation. Several hypotheses have been proposed for the physiological function: regulation of cell growth, sexual differentiation, transportation of metals and other substances, interaction with cytoplasmic chaperone proteins, and protecting foetus against the maternal immunity. To cover the very large range of concentration associated with the great variety of processes, the current immunoassay is a simple tool for the detection of AFP in the range 0 - 400ng/ml.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene encodes alpha-fetoprotein, a major plasma protein produced by the yolk sac and the liver during fetal life. Alpha-fetoprotein expression in adults is often associated with hepatoma or teratoma. However, hereditary persistance of alpha-fetoprotein may also be found in individuals with no obvious pathology. The protein is thought to be the fetal counterpart of serum albumin, and the alpha-fetoprotein and albumin genes are present in tandem in the same transcriptional orientation on chromosome 4. Alpha-fetoprotein is found in monomeric as well as dimeric and trimeric forms, and binds copper, nickel, fatty acids and bilirubin. The level of alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid is used to measure renal loss of protein to screen for spina bifida and anencephaly. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Uniprot Description
AFP: Binds copper, nickel, and fatty acids as well as, and bilirubin less well than, serum albumin. Only a small percentage (less than 2%) of the human AFP shows estrogen-binding properties. Dimeric and trimeric forms have been found in addition to the monomeric form. Plasma. Synthesized by the fetal liver and yolk sac. Belongs to the ALB/AFP/VDB family.
Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q13.3
Cellular Component: extracellular space; cytoplasm
Molecular Function: metal ion binding
Biological Process: transport; progesterone metabolic process; ovulation from ovarian follicle
Disease: Alpha-fetoprotein Deficiency; Alpha-fetoprotein, Hereditary Persistence Of
Research Articles on AFP
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Product Notes
The AFP afp (Catalog #AAA590043) is an ELISA Kit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "Alpha Fetoprotein, ELISA Kit" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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