Rabbit GREM1 Polyclonal Antibody | anti-GREM1 antibody

GREM1 Antibody

Cat. Num. AAA9630707

• Gene Names: GREM1; DRM; PIG2; DAND2; IHG-2; GREMLIN; CKTSF1B1
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
• Applications: ELISA
• Purity: The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
• Synonyms: GREM1; Polyclonal Antibody; GREM1 Antibody; BMP antagonist 1; Cell proliferation inducing gene 2 protein; Cell proliferation-inducing gene 2 protein; CKTSF1B1; colorectal adenoma and carcinoma 1; Cysteine knot superfamily 1; Cysteine knot superfamily BMP antagonist 1; DAN domain family member 2; DAND2; Down regulated in Mos-transformed cells protein; Down-regulated in Mos-transformed cells protein; DRM; grem1; GREM1_HUMAN; Gremlin 1 homolog; cysteine knot superfamily; Gremlin 1 like protein; Gremlin 1; homolog; GREMLIN; Gremlin-1; Gremlin1; IHG-2; IHG2; Increased in high glucose 2; Increased in high glucose protein 2; PIG2; Proliferation inducing gene 2; proliferation inducing gene 2 protein; anti-GREM1 antibody

• Host: Rabbit
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Isotype: Rabbit IgG
• Specificity: GREM1 Antibody detects endogenous levels of GREM1.
• Purity/Purification: The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
• Form/Format: Liquid. Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline, pH7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
• Concentration: 1mg/ml (varies by lot)

• Applicable Applications for anti-GREM1 antibody: ELISA (EIA)(peptide)
• Application Notes: ELISA(peptide): 1:20000-1:40000
• Immunogen: A synthesized peptide derived from human GREM1.
• Conjugation: Unconjugated
• Similarity: Belongs to the DAN family.
• Subunit Structure: Homodimer; can also form homooligomers. Interacts with BMP2; can form higher oligomers with BMP2. Interacts with SLIT1 and SLIT2 in a glycosylation-dependent manner (By similarity).
• Tissue Specificity: Highly expressed in small intestine, fetal brain and colon. Expression is restricted to intestinal subepithelial myofibroblasts (ISEMFs) at the crypt base. In subjects with HMPS1, by contrast, GREM1 is expressed, not only in basal ISEMFs, but also at very high levels in epithelial cells (predominantly colonocytes), with expression extending most of the way up the sides of the crypt. Weakly expressed in brain, ovary, prostate, pancreas and skeletal muscle. In brain found in the region localized around the internal capsule in the large subcortical nuclei, including caudate, putamen, substantia nigra, thalamus and subthalamus. Predominantly expressed in normal cells including neurons, astrocytes and fibroblasts.
• Function: Cytokine that may play an important role during carcinogenesis and metanephric kidney organogenesis, as a BMP antagonist required for early limb outgrowth and patterning in maintaining the FGF4-SHH feedback loop. Down-regulates the BMP4 signaling in a dose-dependent manner (By similarity). Antagonist of BMP2; inhibits BMP2-mediated differentiation of osteoblasts (in vitro). Acts as inhibitor of monocyte chemotaxis. Can inhibit the growth or viability of normal cells but not transformed cells when is overexpressed (By similarity).
• Preparation and Storage: Store at -20 degree C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.

Product Categories/Family for anti-GREM1 antibody

Secreted; Primary

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 300797328
• NCBI GeneID: 26585
• NCBI Accession #: NP_001178252.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_001191323.1
• UniProt Accession #: O60565; Q52LV3; Q8N914; Q8N936
• Molecular Weight: 20,697 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: gremlin-1 isoform 2
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: gremlin 1, DAN family BMP antagonist
• NCBI Official Symbol: GREM1
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: DRM; PIG2; DAND2; IHG-2; GREMLIN; CKTSF1B1
• NCBI Protein Information: gremlin-1; gremlin 1-like protein; DAN domain family member 2; increased in high glucose-2; proliferation-inducing gene 2; increased in high glucose protein 2; cell proliferation-inducing gene 2 protein; cysteine knot superfamily 1, BMP antagonist 1; grem
• UniProt Protein Name: Gremlin-1
• Protein Family: Gremlin
• UniProt Gene Name: GREM1
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: CKTSF1B1; DAND2; DRM; IHG-2
• UniProt Entry Name: GREM1_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene encodes a member of the BMP (bone morphogenic protein) antagonist family. Like BMPs, BMP antagonists contain cystine knots and typically form homo- and heterodimers. The CAN (cerberus and dan) subfamily of BMP antagonists, to which this gene belongs, is characterized by a C-terminal cystine knot with an eight-membered ring. The antagonistic effect of the secreted glycosylated protein encoded by this gene is likely due to its direct binding to BMP proteins. As an antagonist of BMP, this gene may play a role in regulating organogenesis, body patterning, and tissue differentiation. In mouse, this protein has been shown to relay the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signal from the polarizing region to the apical ectodermal ridge during limb bud outgrowth. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

Uniprot Description

GREM1: Cytokine that may play an important role during carcinogenesis and metanephric kidney organogenesis, as a BMP antagonist required for early limb outgrowth and patterning in maintaining the FGF4-SHH feedback loop. Down-regulates the BMP4 signaling in a dose-dependent manner. Acts as inhibitor of monocyte chemotaxis. Interacts with SLIT1 and SLIT2 in a glycosylation- dependent manner. By high glucose through TGFB1-mediated pathways in mesangial cell. Down-regulated in tumor cell lines. Highly expressed in small intestine, fetal brain and colon. Weakly expressed in brain, ovary, prostate, pancreas and skeletal muscle. In brain found in the region localized around the internal capsule in the large subcortical nuclei, including caudate, putamen, substantia nigra, thalamus and subthalamus. Predominantly expressed in normal cells including neurons, astrocytes and fibroblasts. Belongs to the DAN family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 15q13.3

Cellular Component: extracellular space; cell surface

Molecular Function: morphogen activity; protein binding; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding; cytokine activity; receptor agonist activity

Biological Process: limb development; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activation (dimerization); collagen fibril organization; apoptosis; negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; positive regulation of receptor internalization; cell morphogenesis; positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus; signal transduction; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway; negative regulation of bone mineralization; cell-cell signaling; positive regulation of cell proliferation; proximal/distal pattern formation; embryonic limb morphogenesis; determination of dorsal identity; positive regulation of telomerase activity; regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade; positive regulation of angiogenesis; cell migration during sprouting angiogenesis; ureteric bud branching; negative regulation of bone remodeling; regulation of focal adhesion formation; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation; negative regulation of cell growth; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of apoptosis