Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 Peptide | IRS1 peptide

Insulin Receptor Substrate 1, phosphorylated (pS616), Control peptide (IRS-1)

Cat. Num. AAA659929

• Gene Names: IRS1; HIRS-1
• Purity: Highly Purified; ~90% by HPLC and MS analysis
• Synonyms: Insulin Receptor Substrate 1; phosphorylated (pS616); Control peptide (IRS-1); IRS1 peptide

• Purity/Purification: Highly Purified; ~90% by HPLC and MS analysis
• Form/Format: Supplied as a lyophilized powder.

• Solubility: We recommend that each vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. To reconstitute the peptides, pipette 100ul sterile, distilled H2O into each vial. The peptides may be gently vortexed or triturated at RT to ensure complete solubilization. If the peptides are found to be slow to dissolve, the pH of the solutions may be neutralized by addition of small volumes (1-2ul) 1N ammonium hydroxide; alternatively, the peptides may be solubilized by addition of small volumes of organic solvent, such as ethanol or DMSO.
• Preparation and Storage: Lyophilized powder may be stored at 4 degree C for short-term only. Stable for 12 months at -20 degree C. Reconstitute to nominal volume (see reconstitution instructions for peptides) and store at -20 degree C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

Related Product Information for IRS1 peptide

Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 (IRS-1) is a major endogenous substrate for the insulin receptor and IGF-1R tyrosine kinase. Although IRS-1 is constitutively phosphorylated on serine and threonine, it is tyrosine-phosphorylated only after stimulation by insulin. The tyrosine phosphorylated IRS-1 serves as the major agent of insulin receptor-mediated signal transduction by being bound by cytoplasmic signaling proteins containing SH2 domains. Numerous SH2-containing signaling proteins (e.g., Grb2, SH-PTP2/SYP, PI-3-Kinase, and NCK) are known to preferentially bind to distinct tyrosine phosphorylation sites on IRS-1.

Product Categories/Family for IRS1 peptide

Molecular Biology; MB-Insulin

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 5031805
• NCBI GeneID: 3667
• NCBI Accession #: NP_005535.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_005544.2
• UniProt Accession #: P35568
• Molecular Weight: 1573/1492D
• NCBI Official Full Name: insulin receptor substrate 1
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: insulin receptor substrate 1
• NCBI Official Symbol: IRS1
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: HIRS-1
• NCBI Protein Information: insulin receptor substrate 1; IRS-1
• UniProt Protein Name: Insulin receptor substrate 1
• Protein Family: Isoleucine--tRNA ligase
• UniProt Gene Name: IRS1
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: IRS-1
• UniProt Entry Name: IRS1_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene encodes a protein which is phosphorylated by insulin receptor tyrosine kinase. Mutations in this gene are associated with type II diabetes and susceptibility to insulin resistance. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2009]

Uniprot Description

Function: May mediate the control of various cellular processes by insulin. When phosphorylated by the insulin receptor binds specifically to various cellular proteins containing SH2 domains such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85 subunit or GRB2. Activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase when bound to the regulatory p85 subunit

By similarity. Ref.14 Ref.30

Subunit structure: Interacts with UBTF and PIK3CA

By similarity. Interacts (via phosphorylated YXXM motifs) with PIK3R1

By similarity. Interacts with ROCK1 and FER

By similarity. Interacts (via PH domain) with PHIP

By similarity. Interacts with GRB2

By similarity. Interacts with SOCS7. Interacts (via IRS-type PTB domain) with IGF1R and INSR (via the tyrosine-phosphorylated NPXY motif). Interacts with ALK. Interacts with EIF2AK2/PKR

By similarity. Ref.5 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.14

Post-translational modification: Serine phosphorylation of IRS1 is a mechanism for insulin resistance. Ser-312 phosphorylation inhibits insulin action through disruption of IRS1 interaction with the insulin receptor

By similarity. Phosphorylation of Tyr-896 is required for GRB2-binding

By similarity. Phosphorylated by ALK. Phosphorylated at Ser-270, Ser-307, Ser-636 and Ser-1101 by RPS6KB1; phosphorylation induces accelerated degradation of IRS1. Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.15 Ref.19

Polymorphism: The Arg-971 polymorphism impairs the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose transport, glucose transporter translocation, and glycogen synthesis by affecting the PI3K/AKT1/GSK3 signaling pathway. The polymorphism at Arg-971 may contribute to the in vivo insulin resistance observed in carriers of this variant. Arg-971 could contribute to the risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases associated with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) by producing a cluster of insulin resistance-related metabolic abnormalities. In insulin-stimulated human endothelial cells from carriers of the Arg-971 polymorphism, genetic impairment of the IRS1/PI3K/PDPK1/AKT1 insulin signaling cascade results in impaired insulin-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) release and suggested that this may be a mechanism through which the Arg-971 polymorphism contributes to the genetic predisposition to develop endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. The Arg-971 polymorphism not only reduces phosphorylation of the substrate but allows IRS1 to act as an inhibitor of PI3K, producing global insulin resistance.

Involvement in disease: Diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) [MIM:125853]: A multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis caused by a lack of sensitivity to the body's own insulin. Affected individuals usually have an obese body habitus and manifestations of a metabolic syndrome characterized by diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. The disease results in long-term complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels.Note: The gene represented in this entry may be involved in disease pathogenesis. Ref.24 Ref.25 Ref.27 Ref.30 Ref.31

Sequence similarities: Contains 1 IRS-type PTB domain.Contains 1 PH domain.