Shipping Temp: Dry Ice
Background: IDO2 (Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 2, also known as INDOL1, or IDO-2) is a heme enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in tryptophan catabolism to N-formyl-kynurenine. Tryptophan shortage inhibits T lymphocytes division and accumulation of tryptophan catabolites induces T-cell apoptosis and differentiation of regulatory T-cells. This enzyme is involved in immune regulation, may not play a significant role in tryptophan-related tumoral resistance. IDO1 and IDO2 are two distinct enzymes which catalyze the same reaction. IDO2 affinity for tryptophan is much lower than that of IDO1. 50 % of Caucasians harbor polymorphisms which abolish IDO2 enzymatic activity. IDO2 is expressed in human tumors in an inactive form. IDO2 may play a role as a negative regulator of IDO1 by competing for heme-binding with IDO1. Low efficiency IDO2 enzymes have been conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, whereas higher efficiency IDO1 enzymes are dispensable in many lower vertebrate lineages.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
Along with the enzymes encoded by the INDO (MIM 147435) and TDO2 (MIM 191070) genes, the enzyme encoded by the INDOL1 gene metabolizes tryptophan in the kynurenine pathway (Ball et al., 2007 [PubMed 17499941]).[supplied by OMIM, Feb 2011]
Research Articles on IDO2
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Product Notes
The IDO2 (Catalog #AAA388289) is a Recombinant Protein produced from E Coli and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "IDO2, Recombinant Protein" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
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