Rabbit HK1 Polyclonal Antibody | anti-HK1 antibody

HK1 Antibody

Cat. Num. AAA2521657

• Gene Names: HK1; HKD; HKI; HXK1; HMSNR; HK1-ta; HK1-tb; HK1-tc
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
• Applications: Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence
• Purity: Antigen affinity purification
• Synonyms: HK1; Polyclonal Antibody; HK1 Antibody; HK1-ta; HK1-tb; HK1-tc; HKI; HXK1; anti-HK1 antibody

• Host: Rabbit
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Isotype: IgG
• Purity/Purification: Antigen affinity purification
• Concentration: 1mg/mL (varies by lot)
• Sequence Length: 917

• Applicable Applications for anti-HK1 antibody: Western Blot (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunofluorescence (IF)
• Immunogen: Recombinant protein of human HK1
• Buffer: PBS with 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol, pH7.3
• Santa Cruz Alternative: Potential replacement for Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibody catalog# sc-271865 / sc-80978 / sc-46695
• Preparation and Storage: Store at -20 degree C (regular) and -80 degree C (long term). Avoid freeze / thaw cycles.

Western Blot (WB)

(Western blot analysis of extracts of various cell lines, using HK1 antibody.)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(Immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded rat lung using HK1 antibody at dilution of 1:200 (200x lens).)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(Immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded human rectal cancer using HK1 antibody at dilution of 1:200 (200x lens).)

Immunofluorescence (IF)

(Immunofluorescence analysis of U2OS cell using HK1 antibody. Blue: DAPI for nuclear staining.)

Related Product Information for anti-HK1 antibody

Hexokinase catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in glycolysis. Four distinct mammalian hexokinase isoforms, designated as hexokinase I, II, III, and IV (glucokinase), have been identified. Hexokinases I, II, and III are associated with the outer mitochondrial membrane and are critical for maintaining an elevated rate of aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells (Warburg Effect) (1) in order to compensate for the increased energy demands associated with rapid cell growth and proliferation (2, 3).

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 188497754
• NCBI GeneID: 3098
• NCBI Accession #: NP_000179.2
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_000188.2
• Molecular Weight: 101,085 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: hexokinase-1 isoform HKI
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: hexokinase 1
• NCBI Official Symbol: HK1
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: HKD; HKI; HXK1; HMSNR; HK1-ta; HK1-tb; HK1-tc
• NCBI Protein Information: hexokinase-1; HK I; brain form hexokinase; glycolytic enzyme; hexokinase type I
• UniProt Protein Name: Hexokinase-1
• Protein Family: Probable histidine kinase
• UniProt Gene Name: HK1
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: HK I
• UniProt Entry Name: HXK1_HUMAN

NCBI Description

Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes a ubiquitous form of hexokinase which localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hemolytic anemia due to hexokinase deficiency. Alternative splicing of this gene results in five transcript variants which encode different isoforms, some of which are tissue-specific. Each isoform has a distinct N-terminus; the remainder of the protein is identical among all the isoforms. A sixth transcript variant has been described, but due to the presence of several stop codons, it is not thought to encode a protein. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]

Uniprot Description

HK1: a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the reaction ATP + D-hexose = ADP + D-hexose 6-phosphate. The first and rate-limiting step in glycosis, a pathway that produces energy in the form of ATP from glucose. An allosteric enzyme inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate (Glc-6-P). HK-2 and its mitochondrial receptor (VDAC) play the most pivotal and direct roles in the ""Warburg effect"". Acts as a ""glucose sensor"" by trapping glucose inside the cell by catalyzing its phosphorylation to produce Glc-6-P. In vertebrates there are four major glucose-phosphorylating isoenzymes, designated hexokinase I, II, III and IV (glucokinase). Four human isoforms are produced by alternative splicing and alternative initiation. Isoform HK1 is markedly elevated in rapidly growing tumor cells exhibiting high glucose catabolic rates. HK1 is present in most tissues but is especially prominent in brain and kidney. Isoform HK1-SC is is an integral membrane protein detected in round spermatids, condensing spermatids and mature sperm where it is found in the head membranes, mitochondria of the midpiece and the fibrous sheath of the flagellum. Isoform HK1-SA is first expressed during meiosis and continues to be present in postmeiotic germ cells while isoform HK1-SB is present only in postmeiotic germ cells.

Protein type: Mitochondrial; Carbohydrate Metabolism - amino sugar and nucleotide sugar; Carbohydrate Metabolism - fructose and mannose; Carbohydrate Metabolism - galactose; Kinase, other; Carbohydrate Metabolism - starch and sucrose; Carbohydrate Metabolism - glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; EC 2.7.1.1

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 10q22

Cellular Component: mitochondrial outer membrane; mitochondrion; cytosol; lipid raft

Molecular Function: protein binding; hexokinase activity; mannokinase activity; fructokinase activity; glucokinase activity; ATP binding

Biological Process: hexose metabolic process; glycolysis; hexose transport; carbohydrate metabolic process; glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process; carbohydrate phosphorylation; cell glucose homeostasis; pathogenesis; glucose transport; transmembrane transport

Disease: Hemolytic Anemia, Nonspherocytic, Due To Hexokinase Deficiency; Neuropathy, Hereditary Motor And Sensory, Russe Type