DLD sirna

DLD siRNA (Human)

Cat. Num. AAA8216307

• Gene Names: DLD; E3; LAD; DLDD; DLDH; GCSL; PHE3
• Reactivity: Human
• Applications: RNA Interference (RNAi)
• Purity: > 97%
• Synonyms: DLD; DLD siRNA (Human); GCSL; LAD; PHE3; Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase mitochondrial; Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase; Glycine cleavage system L protein; DLD sirna

• Host: Synthetic
• Reactivity: Human
• Specificity: DLD siRNA (Human) is a target-specific 19-23 nt siRNA oligo duplexes designed to knock down gene expression.
• Purity/Purification: > 97%
• Form/Format: Lyophilized powder
• Sequence Length: 461

• Applicable Applications for DLD sirna: RNA Interference (RNAi)
• Quality Control: Oligonucleotide synthesis is monitored base by base through trityl analysis to ensure appropriate coupling efficiency. The oligo is subsequently purified by affinity-solid phase extraction. The annealed RNA duplex is further analyzed by mass spectrometry to verify the exact composition of the duplex. Each lot is compared to the previous lot by mass spectrometry to ensure maximum lot-to-lot consistency.
• Directions for Use: We recommends transfection with 100 nM siRNA 48 to 72 hours prior to cell lysis. Before resuspending, briefly centrifuge the tube to ensure the lyophilized siRNA is at the bottom of the tube. Resuspend the siRNA oligos to an appropriate concentration with DEPC water. For each vial, suitable for 250 transfections in 24 well plate (20 pmol for each well).
• Components: We offer pre-designed sets of 3 different target-specific siRNA oligo duplexes of human DLD gene. Each vial contains 5 nmol of lyophilized siRNA. The duplexes can be transfected individually or pooled together to achieve knockdown of the target gene, which is most commonly assessed by qPCR or western blot. Our siRNA oligos are also chemically modified (2'-OMe) at no extra charge for increased stability and enhanced knockdown in vitro and in vivo.
• Preparation and Storage: Shipped at 4 degree C. Store at -20 degree C for one year.

Related Product Information for DLD sirna

siRNA to inhibit DLD expression using RNA interference

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 91199540
• NCBI GeneID: 1738
• NCBI Accession #: NP_000099.2
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_000108.4
• UniProt Accession #: P09622; Q14131; Q14167; Q59EV8; Q8WTS4; B2R5X0; B4DHG0; B4DT69
• Molecular Weight: 49,283 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform 1
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase
• NCBI Official Symbol: DLD
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: E3; LAD; DLDD; DLDH; GCSL; PHE3
• NCBI Protein Information: dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
• UniProt Protein Name: Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
• Protein Family: Delta-like protein
• UniProt Gene Name: DLD
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: GCSL; LAD; PHE3
• UniProt Entry Name: DLDH_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene encodes a member of the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. In homodimeric form, the encoded protein functions as a dehydrogenase and is found in several multi-enzyme complexes that regulate energy metabolism. However, as a monomer, this protein can function as a protease. Mutations in this gene have been identified in patients with E3-deficient maple syrup urine disease and lipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

Uniprot Description

DLD: a multi-functional mitochondrial enzyme. An enzymatic component of the mitochondrial glycine cleavage system, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC), the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, and the branched-chain alpha-keto acide dehydrogenase complex. Is the E3 component of the PDHC that catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO2. The E3 component has dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase activity. The PDHC contains 20-30 copies of pyruvate decarboxylase tetramers (2 alpha:2 beta)(E1), 60 copies of dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2), six homodimers of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3), plus E3 binding proteins. Defects in DLD are a cause of maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), characterized by mental and physical retardation, feeding problems and a maple syrup odor to the urine. The keto acids of the branched-chain amino acids are present in the urine, resulting from a block in oxidative decarboxylation. Differentially expressed in the Wernicke's Area from patients with schizophrenia. Inhibited by 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (MICA).

Protein type: Carbohydrate Metabolism - citrate (TCA) cycle; Carbohydrate Metabolism - pyruvate; Mitochondrial; Amino Acid Metabolism - glycine, serine and threonine; Oxidoreductase; EC 1.8.1.4; Carbohydrate Metabolism - glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; Amino Acid Metabolism - valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7q31-q32

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; mitochondrion; mitochondrial matrix; acrosomal matrix; cilium

Molecular Function: mercury (II) reductase activity; FAD binding; mercury ion binding; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase activity; NADP binding

Biological Process: cellular metabolic process; regulation of membrane potential; mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone; tricarboxylic acid cycle; cell redox homeostasis; detoxification of mercury ion; lysine catabolic process; gastrulation; regulation of acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate; branched chain family amino acid catabolic process; pyruvate metabolic process; proteolysis; sperm capacitation

Disease: Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase Deficiency