Rabbit STING / TMEM173 Polyclonal Antibody | anti-STING / TMEM173 antibody

STING / TMEM173 Antibody BIOTIN

Cat. Num. AAA544993

• Gene Names: TMEM173; ERIS; MITA; MPYS; SAVI; NET23; STING; hMITA; hSTING
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
• Applications: Dot Blot, ELISA, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot
• Purity: Antigen Affinity Purified
• Synonyms: STING / TMEM173; Polyclonal Antibody; STING / TMEM173 Antibody BIOTIN; endoplasmic reticulum IFN stimulator; ERIS; FLJ38577; Mediator of IRF3 activation; MITA; Mitochondrial mediator of IRF3 activation; MPYS; N terminal methionine proline tyrosine serine plasma membrane tetraspanner; NET23; Stimulator of interferon genes; STING; Tmem173; Transmembrane protein 173 antibody; anti-STING / TMEM173 antibody

• Host: Rabbit
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Purity/Purification: Antigen Affinity Purified
• Form/Format: BIOTIN-Conjugated Immunoglobulins
• Concentration: 0.57 ug/ul in antibody stabilization buffer (varies by lot)
• Sequence Length: 379

• Applicable Applications for anti-STING / TMEM173 antibody: Dot Blot (DB), ELISA (EIA), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB)
• Application Notes: DOT Blot: 1:10,000; ELISA: 1:10,000; Immunopreciptation: 1:200; Western Blot: 1:500
• Immunogen: Synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid region 332-342. The selected peptide was post-synthetically modified to achieve highest antigenicity before coupling to a carrier protein using hetero bifunctional cross linker.; Sequence: SFSLLSSQEVLRHLLRQEEKEEVT
• Expression: Ubiquitously expressed. Expressed in skin endothelial cells, alveolar type 2 pneumocytes, bronchial epithelium and alveolar macrophages.
• Molecular Function: cyclic-di-GMP binding, cyclic-GMP-AMP binding, identical protein binding
• Structure: Associates with the MHC-II complex (By similarity). Homodimer; 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination at Lys-150 is required for homodimerization. Interacts with DDX58/RIG-I, MAVS and SSR2. Interacts with RNF5 and TRIM56. Interacts with TBK1; when homodimer, leading to subsequent production of IFN-beta. Interacts with IFIT1 and IFIT2.
• Subcellular Location: Endoplasmic Reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Mitochondrion outer membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cytoplasm degree perinuclear region. Cytoplasm
• Preparation and Storage: -20 degree C for long term storage

Related Product Information for anti-STING / TMEM173 antibody

Viral infections stimulate several transcription factors indudir,g NK-kS, IRF3 which stimulate the secretion of type I interferon and innate antiviral response. Stimulator of interferon gene protein (STING), is a critical adapter protein that links virus sensing receptors to transcription factor IRF3 activation in response to both RNA and DNA pathogens. The mechanism through which interferons are induced by cytosolic DNA involves cyclic GMP-AMP synthase which binds and activates the endoplasmic reticulum adapter protein STING that activates the transcription activity of interferon synthesis. STING recruits and activates the cytosolic kinase IKK and TBK1, which activates the transcription factor NF-kB and transcription factor IRF3. The NF-kB and IRF3 enters the nucleus and in concert induce interferons and other cytokines (1). The DNA-dependent RNA Polymerease III also acts as a sensor and synthesizes AT-rich DNA such as poly (dAdT) into mRNA ligand that stimulates RIG-1 pathway to induce interferons (1,2). The ubiquitination of STING by E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif protein 32 (TRIM32) ubiquitinated STING and dramatically enhanced STING mediated induction of IFN-b (3). DNA can be introduced by viral or bacterial infection, leakage from nucleus or mitochondria under some pathological conditions that cause auto immune disease like Lupus. Since most DNA do not activate DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and downstream RIG1 pathways, but instead activate STING pathway via cGAS and cGAMP stimulation for interferon induction. STING functions both as an adaptor protein signaling cytoplasmic dsDNA and direct immuno sensor of cGAMP (4). In presence of cGAMP, the two surface loops of STING serves as gate and latch of the cleft formed by the dimeric STING (CTD), undergo rearrangement to interact with ligand. Dengue virus (DENV) inhibits type I interferon production to efficiently infect humans. This inhibition in INF production was effectively carried out by DENV protease NS2B3 on STING (5). Mouse STING is resistant to NS2B3 protease of DENV, thus it severely restrict the replication of DENCV in mice (5).

STING-selective antibodies were generated against peptides taken from the human STING protein sequence. The STING-selective antibodies were affinity purified on immobilized antigen based affinity matrices. The isolated antibodies were then stabilized in antibody stabilization buffer for long-term storage. Antigenic blocking peptides (PSTING)and western blot positive controls in ready to use SDS-sample buffer (PC-STING) are available. The antibody labels a strong band of STING at 46 kDa in PC-STING samples. The antibody also labels two bands of 67 and 74 kDa. The identies of these bands are unknown, but may represent splice variants of this protein. Antibodies can be conjugated to fluorophores or other secondary enzymes upon request at nominal cost.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 38093659
• NCBI GeneID: 340061
• NCBI Accession #: NP_938023
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_198282.3
• Molecular Weight: 42,193 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: stimulator of interferon genes protein isoform 1
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: transmembrane protein 173
• NCBI Official Symbol: TMEM173
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: ERIS; MITA; MPYS; SAVI; NET23; STING; hMITA; hSTING
• NCBI Protein Information: stimulator of interferon genes protein
• UniProt Protein Name: Stimulator of interferon genes protein
• UniProt Gene Name: TMEM173
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: ERIS; MITA; STING; hSTING; ERIS; hMITA
• UniProt Entry Name: STING_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene encodes a five transmembrane protein that functions as a major regulator of the innate immune response to viral and bacterial infections. The encoded protein is a pattern recognition receptor that detects cytosolic nucleic acids and transmits signals that activate type I interferon responses. The encoded protein has also been shown to play a role in apoptotic signaling by associating with type II major histocompatibility complex. Mutations in this gene are the cause of infantile-onset STING-associated vasculopathy. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

Uniprot Description

TMEM173: Facilitator of innate immune signaling that promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double- stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm. Able to activate both NF-kappa-B and IRF3 transcription pathways to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent anti- viral state following expression. May be involved in translocon function, the translocon possibly being able to influence the induction of type I interferons. May be involved in transduction of apoptotic signals via its association with the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II). Mediates death signaling via activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. Associates with the MHC-II complex. Homodimer; 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination at Lys-150 is required for homodimerization. Interacts with DDX58/RIG-I, MAVS/VISA and SSR2. Interacts with RNF5 and TRIM56. Interacts with TBK1; when homodimer, leading to subsequent production of IFN-beta. Ubiquitously expressed. Belongs to the TMEM173 family.

Protein type: Apoptosis; Membrane protein, integral; Endoplasmic reticulum; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Mitochondrial

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 5q31.2

Cellular Component: cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Golgi apparatus; integral to membrane; mitochondrial outer membrane; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; peroxisome; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: identical protein binding; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; protein kinase binding; transcription factor binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding

Biological Process: activation of innate immune response; apoptosis; defense response to virus; innate immune response; interferon-beta production; positive regulation of defense response to virus by host; positive regulation of interferon type I production; positive regulation of protein binding; positive regulation of protein import into nucleus, translocation; positive regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; regulation of interferon type I production

Disease: Sting-associated Vasculopathy, Infantile-onset