Rabbit Rac1/cdc42 Polyclonal Antibody | anti-Rac1/cdc42 antibody

Phospho-Rac1/cdc42 (Tyr64) Antibody

Cat. Num. AAA9610690

• Gene Names: CDC42; TKS; G25K; CDC42Hs
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat; Predicted: Pig, Zebrafish, Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Rabbit, Dog, Chicken, Xenopus
• Applications: Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, ELISA
• Purity: Purified rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho- and non-phospho-peptide affinity columns.
• Synonyms: Rac1/cdc42; Polyclonal Antibody; Phospho-Rac1/cdc42 (Tyr64) Antibody; CDC42; CDC42_HUMAN; CDC42Hs; Cell division control protein 42 homolog; Cell division cycle 42 (GTP binding protein 25kDa); Cell division cycle 42; dJ224A6.1.1 (cell division cycle 42 (GTP-binding protein; 25kD)); dJ224A6.1.2 (cell division cycle 42 (GTP-binding protein; G25K; G25K GTP-binding protein; Growth regulating protein; GTP binding protein 25kDa; Small GTP binding protein CDC42; TKS; anti-Rac1/cdc42 antibody

• Host: Rabbit
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat; Predicted: Pig, Zebrafish, Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Rabbit, Dog, Chicken, Xenopus
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Isotype: IgG
• Specificity: Phospho-Rac1/cdc42 (Tyr64) Antibody detects endogenous levels of Rac1/cdc42 only when phosphorylated at Tyr64.
• Purity/Purification: Purified rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho- and non-phospho-peptide affinity columns.
• Form/Format: Liquid; Phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
• Concentration: 1mg/ml (varies by lot)
• Sequence Length: 191

• Applicable Applications for anti-Rac1/cdc42 antibody: Western Blot (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Peptide ELISA (EIA)
• Application Notes: WB: 1:500-1:2000; IHC: 1:50-1:200; ELISA (Peptide): 1:20000-1:40000
• Immunogen: A synthesized peptide derived from human Rac1/cdc42 around the phosphorylation site of Tyr64.
• Subcellular Location: Cytoskeleton; Plasma Membrane
• Preparation and Storage: Store at -20 degree C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

(At 1/100 staining mouse spleen tissue sections by IHC-P. The tissue was formaldehyde fixed and a heat mediated antigen retrieval step in citrate buffer was performed. The tissue was then blocked and incubated with the antibody for 1.5 hours at 22 degree C. An HRP conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody was used as the secondary)

Western Blot (WB)

(Western blot analysis of Phospho-Rac1/cdc42 (Tyr64) in lysates of A431?, using Phospho-Rac1/cdc42 (Tyr64) Antibody.)

Related Product Information for anti-Rac1/cdc42 antibody

Description: Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. Regulates the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores before chromosome congression in metaphase. Plays a role in the extension and maintenance of the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia. Mediates CDC42-dependent cell migration. Required for DOCK10-mediated spine formation in Purkinje cells and hippocampal neurons. Facilitates filopodia formation upon DOCK11-activation (By similarity). Also plays a role in phagocytosis through organization of the F-actin cytoskeleton associated with forming phagocytic cups.

Post Translational Modifications: (Microbial infection) AMPylation at Tyr-32 and Thr-35 are mediated by bacterial enzymes in case of infection by H.somnus and V.parahaemolyticus, respectively. AMPylation occurs in the effector region and leads to inactivation of the GTPase activity by preventing the interaction with downstream effectors, thereby inhibiting actin assembly in infected cells. It is unclear whether some human enzyme mediates AMPylation; FICD has such ability in vitro but additional experiments remain to be done to confirm results in vivo. Phosphorylated by SRC in an EGF-dependent manner, this stimulates the binding of the Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI. (Microbial infection) Glycosylated at Tyr-32 by Photorhabdus asymbiotica toxin PAU_02230. Mono-O-GlcNAcylation by PAU_02230 inhibits downstream signaling by an impaired interaction with diverse regulator and effector proteins of CDC42 and leads to actin disassembly.

Subunit Structure: Interacts with CDC42EP1, CDC42EP2, CDC42EP3, CDC42EP4, CDC42EP5, CDC42SE1, CDC42SE2, PARD6A, PARD6B and PARD6G (in a GTP-dependent manner) (PubMed:10490598, PubMed:10816584, PubMed:10954424, PubMed:11260256). Interacts with activated CSPG4 and with BAIAP2 (PubMed:10587647, PubMed:11130076). Interacts with activated CSPG4 and with BAIAP2 (By similarity). Interacts with DOCK11/Zizimin2; the interaction activates CDC42 by exchanging GDP for GTP (By similarity). Interacts with DOCK9; the interaction activates CDC42 by exchanging GDP for GTP (PubMed:12172552, PubMed:19745154). Interacts with DOCK8 (via DHR-2 domain); the interaction activates CDC42 by exchanging GDP for GTP (PubMed:12172552). Interacts with IQGAP1 (By similarity). Interacts with NET1 and ARHGAP33/TCGAP (By similarity). Part of a complex with PARD3, PARD6A or PARD6B and PRKCI or PRKCZ (PubMed:11260256). The GTP-bound form interacts with CCPG1 (By similarity). Interacts with USP6 (PubMed:12612085). Interacts with NEK6 (PubMed:20873783). Part of a collagen stimulated complex involved in cell migration composed of CDC42, CRK, TNK2 and BCAR1/p130cas (PubMed:17038317). Interacts with ITGB1BP1 (PubMed:11807099). Interacts with ARHGDIA; this interaction inactivates and stabilizes CDC42 (PubMed:23434736). Interacts with ARHGDIB; this maintains CDC42 in the inactive, GDP-bound form (PubMed:7512369). Interacts (in GTP-bound form) with FNBP1L and ABI1, but only in the presence of FNBP1L (PubMed:19798448). May interact with ARHGEF16; responsible for the activation of CDC42 by the viral protein HPV16 E6 (PubMed:21139582).

Similarity: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. CDC42 subfamily.

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 4757952
• NCBI GeneID: 998
• NCBI Accession #: NP_001782.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NP_001782.1
• UniProt Accession #: P60953
• Molecular Weight: Observed: 28 kDa; Predicted: 22 kDa
• NCBI Official Full Name: cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform 1
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: cell division cycle 42
• NCBI Official Symbol: CDC42
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: TKS; G25K; CDC42Hs
• NCBI Protein Information: cell division control protein 42 homolog
• UniProt Protein Name: Cell division control protein 42 homolog
• UniProt Gene Name: CDC42
• UniProt Entry Name: CDC42_HUMAN

NCBI Description

The protein encoded by this gene is a small GTPase of the Rho-subfamily, which regulates signaling pathways that control diverse cellular functions including cell morphology, migration, endocytosis and cell cycle progression. This protein is highly similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc 42, and is able to complement the yeast cdc42-1 mutant. The product of oncogene Dbl was reported to specifically catalyze the dissociation of GDP from this protein. This protein could regulate actin polymerization through its direct binding to Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP), which subsequently activates Arp2/3 complex. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Pseudogenes of this gene have been identified on chromosomes 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 20. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2013]

Uniprot Description

Function: Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. Regulates the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores before chromosome congression in metaphase. Plays a role in the extension and maintenance of the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia. Mediates CDC42-dependent cell migration. Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.23

Enzyme regulation: Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP, GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) which increase the GTP hydrolysis activity, and GDP dissociation inhibitors which inhibit the dissociation of the nucleotide from the GTPase.

Subunit structure: The GTP-bound form interacts with CCPG1

By similarity. Interacts with CDC42EP1, CDC42EP2, CDC42EP3, CDC42EP4, CDC42EP5, CDC42SE1, CDC42SE2, PARD6A, PARD6B and PARD6G (in a GTP-dependent manner). Interacts with activated CSPG4 and with BAIAP2. Interacts with Zizimin1/DOCK9 and Zizimin2/DOCK11, which activate it by exchanging GDP for GTP. Interacts with NET1 and ARHGAP33/TCGAP. Part of a complex with PARD3, PARD6A or PARD6B and PRKCI or PRKCZ. Interacts with USP6. May interact with ARHGEF16; responsible for the activation of CDC42 by the viral protein HPV16 E6. Interacts with NEK6. Part of a collagen stimulated complex involved in cell migration composed of CDC42, CRK, TNK2 and BCAR1/p130cas. Interacts with ITGB1BP1. Interacts with ARHGDIA; this interaction inactivates and stabilizes CDC42. Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.16 Ref.17 Ref.18 Ref.20 Ref.23 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.30

Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side

Potential. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton › microtubule organizing center › centrosome. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton › spindle. Midbody. Note: Localizes to spindle during prometaphase cells. Moves to the central spindle as cells progressed through anaphase to telophase. Localizes at the end of cytokinesis in the intercellular bridge formed between two daughter cells. Its localization is regulated by the activities of guanine nucleotide exchange factor ECT2 and GTPase activating protein RACGAP1. Colocalizes with NEK6 in the centrosome. Ref.22 Ref.27

Post-translational modification: AMPylation at Tyr-32 and Thr-35 are mediated by bacterial enzymes in case of infection by H.somnus and V.parahaemolyticus, respectively. AMPylation occurs in the effector region and leads to inactivation of the GTPase activity by preventing the interaction with downstream effectors, thereby inhibiting actin assembly in infected cells. It is unclear whether some human enzyme mediates AMPylation; FICD has such ability in vitro but additional experiments remain to be done to confirm results in vivo.Phosphorylated by SRC in an EGF-dependent manner, this stimulates the binding of the Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI. Ref.19

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. CDC42 subfamily.