Immunofluorescence (IF)
(MBS9607778 staining COLO205 by IF/ICC. The sample were fixed with PFA and permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X-100, then blocked in 10% serum for 45 minutes at 25 degree C. The primary antibody was diluted at 1/200 and incubated with the sample for 1 hour at 37 degree C. An Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) Ab, diluted at 1/600, was used as the secondary antibody.)
Rabbit HMGB2 Polyclonal Antibody | anti-HMGB2 antibody
HMGB2 Antibody
Phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
IF/ICC: 1:100-1:500
Immunofluorescence (IF)
(MBS9607778 staining COLO205 by IF/ICC. The sample were fixed with PFA and permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X-100, then blocked in 10% serum for 45 minutes at 25 degree C. The primary antibody was diluted at 1/200 and incubated with the sample for 1 hour at 37 degree C. An Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) Ab, diluted at 1/600, was used as the secondary antibody.)
Immunofluorescence (IF)
(MBS9607778 staining COLO205 by IF/ICC. The sample were fixed with PFA and permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X-100, then blocked in 10% serum for 45 minutes at 25 degree C. The primary antibody was diluted at 1/200 and incubated with the sample for 1 hour at 37 degree C. An Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) Ab, diluted at 1/600, was used as the secondary antibody.)
Western Blot (WB)
(Western blot analysis of extracts of RAW264.7 lysate, using HMGB2 antibody. The lane on the left is treated with the antigen-specific peptide.)
Western Blot (WB)
(Western blot analysis of extracts of RAW264.7 lysate, using HMGB2 antibody. The lane on the left is treated with the antigen-specific peptide.)
Function: Multifunctional protein with various roles in different cellular compartments. May act in a redox sensitive manner. In the nucleus is an abundant chromatin-associated non-histone protein involved in transcription, chromatin remodeling and V(D)J recombination and probably other processes. Binds DNA with a preference to non-canonical DNA structures such as single-stranded DNA. Can bent DNA and enhance DNA flexibility by looping thus providing a mechanism to promote activities on various gene promoters by enhancing transcription factor binding and/or bringing distant regulatory sequences into close proximity (PubMed:7797075, PubMed:11909973, PubMed:19522541, PubMed:18413230, PubMed:19965638, PubMed:20123072). Involved in V(D)J recombination by acting as a cofactor of the RAG complex: acts by stimulating cleavage and RAG protein binding at the 23 bp spacer of conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS) (By similarity). Proposed to be involved in the innate immune response to nucleic acids by acting as a promiscuous immunogenic DNA/RNA sensor which cooperates with subsequent discriminative sensing by specific pattern recognition receptors (By similarity). In the extracellular compartment acts as a chemokine. Promotes proliferation and migration of endothelial cells implicating AGER/RAGE (PubMed:19811285). Has antimicrobial activity in gastrointestinal epithelial tissues (PubMed:23877675). Involved in inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus coupled with proinflammatory activity (By similarity). Involved in modulation of neurogenesis probably by regulation of neural stem proliferation (By similarity). Involved in articular cartilage surface maintenance implicating LEF1 and the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway (By similarity).
Subunit Structure: Interacts with POU2F2, POU2F1 and POU3F1 (By similarity). Component of the RAG complex composed of core components RAG1 and RAG2, and associated component HMGB1 or HMGB2 (By similarity). Component of the SET complex, composed of at least ANP32A, APEX1, HMGB2, NME1, SET and TREX1. Directly interacts with SET (PubMed:11909973). Interacts with LEF1 (By similarity).
Post-translational Modifications: Reduction/oxidation of cysteine residues Cys-23, Cys-45 and Cys-106 and a possible intramolecular disulfide bond involving Cys-23 and Cys-45 give rise to different redox forms with specific functional activities in various cellular compartments: 1-fully reduced HMGB2 (HMGB2C23hC45hC106h), 2-disulfide HMGB2 (HMGB2C23-C45C106h) and 3-sulfonyl HMGB2 (HMGB2C23soC45soC106so). Acetylation enhances nucleosome binding and chromation remodeling activity.
Similarity: Both, HMG box 1 and HMG box 2, show antimicrobial activity. Belongs to the HMGB family.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
Predicted: 25 kDa
NCBI Description
This gene encodes a member of the non-histone chromosomal high mobility group protein family. The proteins of this family are chromatin-associated and ubiquitously distributed in the nucleus of higher eukaryotic cells. In vitro studies have demonstrated that this protein is able to efficiently bend DNA and form DNA circles. These studies suggest a role in facilitating cooperative interactions between cis-acting proteins by promoting DNA flexibility. This protein was also reported to be involved in the final ligation step in DNA end-joining processes of DNA double-strand breaks repair and V(D)J recombination. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Uniprot Description
Multifunctional protein with various roles in different cellular compartments. May act in a redox sensitive manner. In the nucleus is an abundant chromatin-associated non-histone protein involved in transcription, chromatin remodeling and V(D)J recombination and probably other processes. Binds DNA with a preference to non-canonical DNA structures such as single-stranded DNA. Can bent DNA and enhance DNA flexibility by looping thus providing a mechanism to promote activities on various gene promoters by enhancing transcription factor binding and/or bringing distant regulatory sequences into close proximity (PubMed:7797075, PubMed:11909973, PubMed:19522541, PubMed:18413230, PubMed:19965638, PubMed:20123072). Involved in V(D)J recombination by acting as a cofactor of the RAG complex: acts by stimulating cleavage and RAG protein binding at the 23 bp spacer of conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS) (). Proposed to be involved in the innate immune response to nucleic acids by acting as a promiscuous immunogenic DNA/RNA sensor which cooperates with subsequent discriminative sensing by specific pattern recognition receptors (). In the extracellular compartment acts as a chemokine. Promotes proliferation and migration of endothelial cells implicating AGER/RAGE (PubMed:19811285). Has antimicrobial activity in gastrointestinal epithelial tissues (PubMed:23877675). Involved in inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus coupled with proinflammatory activity (). Involved in modulation of neurogenesis probably by regulation of neural stem proliferation (). Involved in articular cartilage surface maintenance implicating LEF1 and the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway ().
Research Articles on HMGB2
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Product Notes
The HMGB2 hmgb2 (Catalog #AAA9607778) is an Antibody produced from Rabbit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The HMGB2 Antibody reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat and may cross-react with other species as described in the data sheet. AAA Biotech's HMGB2 can be used in a range of immunoassay formats including, but not limited to, Western Blot (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunocytochemistry (ICC), ELISA (EIA). WB: 1:500-1:2000 IF/ICC: 1:100-1:500. Researchers should empirically determine the suitability of the HMGB2 hmgb2 for an application not listed in the data sheet. Researchers commonly develop new applications and it is an integral, important part of the investigative research process. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "HMGB2, Polyclonal Antibody" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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