Rabbit DSRAD Polyclonal Antibody | anti-DSRAD antibody

DSRAD Antibody

Cat. Num. AAA9611268

• Gene Names: ADAR; DSH; AGS6; G1P1; IFI4; P136; ADAR1; DRADA; DSRAD; IFI-4; K88DSRBP
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat; Predicted: Pig, Zebrafish, Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Rabbit, Dog, Chicken, Xenopus
• Applications: Western Blot
• Purity: The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
• Synonyms: DSRAD; Polyclonal Antibody; DSRAD Antibody; 136 kDa double-stranded RNA-binding protein; 136kDa double stranded RNA binding protein; Adar 1; ADAR; Adar1; Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 A; Adenosine deaminase RNA specific 1; Adenosine deaminase RNA specific; Adenosine deaminase that act on RNA; AGS6; AV242451; Double stranded RNA specific adenosine deaminase; Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase; Double-stranded RNA-specific editase Adar; DRADA; Dsh; Dsrad; DSRAD_HUMAN; dsRNA adenosine deaminase; EC 3.5.4.-; G1P1; IFI 4; IFI-4; IFI4; Ifi4 protein; Interferon induced protein 4; Interferon inducible protein 4; Interferon-inducible protein 4; K88DSRBP; mZaADAR; P136; Pre-mRNA adenosine deaminase; RNA adenosine deaminase 1; RNA-editing deaminase 1; RNA-editing enzyme 1; anti-DSRAD antibody

• Host: Rabbit
• Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat; Predicted: Pig, Zebrafish, Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Rabbit, Dog, Chicken, Xenopus
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Isotype: IgG
• Specificity: DSRAD Antibody detects endogenous levels of DSRAD.
• Purity/Purification: The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
• Form/Format: Liquid; Phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
• Concentration: 1mg/ml (varies by lot)
• Sequence Length: 931

• Applicable Applications for anti-DSRAD antibody: Western Blot (WB)
• Application Notes: WB: 1:500-1:2000
• Immunogen: A synthesized peptide derived from human DSRAD.
• Tissue Specificity: Ubiquitously expressed, highest levels were found in brain and lung (PubMed:7972084). Isoform 5 is expressed at higher levels in astrocytomas as compared to normal brain tissue and expression increases strikingly with the severity of the tumor, being higher in the most aggressive tumors.
• Fragment: Fab Fragment
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Subcellular Location: Nucleus; Nucleus
• Preparation and Storage: Store at -20 degree C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.

Western Blot (WB)

(Western blot analysis of extracts from HepG2 cells, using DSRAD Antibody. The lane on the left was treated with blocking peptide.)

Related Product Information for anti-DSRAD antibody

Description: Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as A-to-I RNA editing (PubMed:7972084, PubMed:7565688, PubMed:12618436). This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNA virus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA structure-dependent activities such as microRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions. Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAs at multiple sites (hyper-editing) or at specific sites (site-specific editing). Its cellular RNA substrates include: bladder cancer-associated protein (BLCAP), neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate (GRIA2) and serotonin (HTR2C) and GABA receptor (GABRA3). Site-specific RNA editing of transcripts encoding these proteins results in amino acid substitutions which consequently alters their functional activities. Exhibits low-level editing at the GRIA2 Q/R site, but edits efficiently at the R/G site and HOTSPOT1. Its viral RNA substrates include: hepatitis C virus (HCV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), measles virus (MV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Exhibits either a proviral (HDV, MV, VSV and HIV-1) or an antiviral effect (HCV) and this can be editing-dependent (HDV and HCV), editing-independent (VSV and MV) or both (HIV-1). Impairs HCV replication via RNA editing at multiple sites. Enhances the replication of MV, VSV and HIV-1 through an editing-independent mechanism via suppression of EIF2AK2/PKR activation and function. Stimulates both the release and infectivity of HIV-1 viral particles by an editing-dependent mechanism where it associates with viral RNAs and edits adenosines in the 5'UTR and the Rev and Tat coding sequence. Can enhance viral replication of HDV via A-to-I editing at a site designated as amber/W, thereby changing an UAG amber stop codon to an UIG tryptophan (W) codon that permits synthesis of the large delta antigen (L-HDAg) which has a key role in the assembly of viral particles. However, high levels of ADAR1 inhibit HDV replication.

Post Translational Modifications: Sumoylation reduces RNA-editing activity.

Subunit Structure: Homodimer. Homodimerization is essential for its catalytic activity (PubMed:12618436). Isoform 5 can form heterodimers with ADARB1/ADAR2. Isoform 1 interacts with ILF2/NF45 and ILF3/NF90 (PubMed:16055709). Binding to ILF3/NF90 up-regulates ILF3-mediated gene expression. Isoform 1 and isoform 5 (via DRBM 3 domain) interact with TNPO1 (PubMed:19124606, PubMed:24753571). Isoform 5 (via DRBM domains) interacts with XPO5 (PubMed:19124606). Isoform 1 and isoform 5 can interact with EIF2AK2/PKR and UPF1 (PubMed:17079286, PubMed:18362360).

Similarity: The first DRADA repeat binds Z-DNA. The third dsRNA-binding domain (DRBM 3) contains an additional N-terminal alpha-helix that is part of a bi-partite nuclear localization signal, together with the sequence immediately C-terminal to DRBM 3. The presence of DRBM 3 is important to bring together the N-terminal and the C-terminal part of the bi-partite nuclear localization signal for import mediated by TNPO1 (PubMed:24753571). RNA binding interferes with nuclear import (PubMed:19124606, PubMed:24753571).

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 70167113
• NCBI GeneID: 103
• NCBI Accession #: NP_001020278.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NP_001020278.1
• UniProt Accession #: P55265
• Molecular Weight: Observed: 110 kDa; Predicted: 137 kDa
• NCBI Official Full Name: double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase isoform d
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: adenosine deaminase RNA specific
• NCBI Official Symbol: ADAR
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: DSH; AGS6; G1P1; IFI4; P136; ADAR1; DRADA; DSRAD; IFI-4; K88DSRBP
• NCBI Protein Information: double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase
• UniProt Protein Name: Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase
• UniProt Gene Name: ADAR
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: ADAR1; DSRAD; G1P1; IFI4; DRADA; p136; IFI-4
• UniProt Entry Name: DSRAD_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for RNA editing by site-specific deamination of adenosines. This enzyme destabilizes double-stranded RNA through conversion of adenosine to inosine. Mutations in this gene have been associated with dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

Uniprot Description

ADAR: Converts multiple adenosines to inosines and creates I/U mismatched base pairs in double-helical RNA substrates without apparent sequence specificity. Has been found to modify more frequently adenosines in AU-rich regions, probably due to the relative ease of melting A/U base pairs as compared to G/C pairs. Functions to modify viral RNA genomes and may be responsible for hypermutation of certain negative-stranded viruses. Edits the messenger RNAs for glutamate receptor (GLUR) subunits by site- selective adenosine deamination. Produces low-level editing at the GLUR-B Q/R site, but edits efficiently at the R/G site and HOTSPOT1. Binds to short interfering RNAs (siRNA) without editing them and suppresses siRNA-mediated RNA interference. Binds to ILF3/NF90 and up-regulates ILF3-mediated gene expression. Isoform 1 is induced by interferon alpha. Isoform 5 is constitutively expressed. Homodimer. Isoform 1 interacts with ILF2/NF45 and ILF3/NF90. 5 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative promoter.

Protein type: RNA-binding; RNA processing; Nucleolus; Hydrolase; EC 3.5.4.37

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q21.3

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; membrane; cytoplasm; nucleolus; nucleus

Molecular Function: double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase activity; protein binding; DNA binding; metal ion binding

Biological Process: positive regulation of viral genome replication; base conversion or substitution editing; in utero embryonic development; response to virus; cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; miRNA-mediated gene silencing, miRNA loading onto RISC; somatic diversification of immune receptors via somatic mutation; adenosine to inosine editing; osteoblast differentiation; negative regulation of viral genome replication; protein import into nucleus; pre-microRNA processing; mRNA modification; innate immune response; erythrocyte differentiation; gene expression; hemopoietic progenitor cell differentiation; protein export from nucleus; mRNA processing; defense response to virus; negative regulation of apoptosis

Disease: Dyschromatosis Symmetrica Hereditaria; Aicardi-goutieres Syndrome 6