Rabbit anti-Human ATG4D Polyclonal Antibody | anti-ATG4D antibody

ATG4D Antibody (C-term)

Cat. Num. AAA9217093

• Gene Names: ATG4D; APG4D; AUTL4; APG4-D
• Reactivity: Human
• Applications: Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, ELISA
• Synonyms: ATG4D; Polyclonal Antibody; ATG4D Antibody (C-term); Cysteine protease ATG4D; 3422-; AUT-like 4 cysteine endopeptidase; Autophagin-4; Autophagy-related cysteine endopeptidase 4; Autophagy-related protein 4 homolog D; mitochondrial; APG4D; AUTL4; anti-ATG4D antibody

• Host: Rabbit
• Reactivity: Human
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Isotype: Ig
• Specificity: This ATG4D antibody is generated from rabbits immunized with a KLH conjugated synthetic peptide between 405-437 amino acids from the C-terminal region of human ATG4D.
• Form/Format: Purified polyclonal antibody supplied in PBS with 0.09% (W/V) sodium azide. This antibody is prepared by Saturated Ammonium Sulfate (SAS) precipitation followed by dialysis against PBS.
• Sequence Length: 411

• Applicable Applications for anti-ATG4D antibody: Western Blot (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Paraffin, ELISA (EIA)
• Application Notes: WB:~~1:1000; IHC-P:~~1:10~50
• Subtitle: Purified Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (Pab)
• Cellular Location: Cysteine protease ATG4D: Cytoplasm.
• Tissue Location: Mainly expressed in skeletal muscle and, to a lower extent, in testis.
• Antigen Region: 405-437 aa
• Antigen Type: Synthetic Peptide
• Preparation and Storage: Maintain refrigerated at 2-8 degree C for up to 6 months. For long term storage store at -20 degree C in small aliquots to prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

Western Blot (WB)

(Anti-ATG4D Antibody (C-term) at 1:1000 dilution + A431 whole cell lysateLysates/proteins at 20 ug per lane. SecondaryGoat Anti-Rabbit IgG, (H+L), Peroxidase conjugated at 1/10000 dilution. Predicted band size : 53 kDaBlocking/Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)-Paraffin

(Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded human hepatocarcinoma tissue reacted with ATG4D antibody (C-term), which was peroxidase-conjugated to the secondary antibody, followed by DAB staining. This data demonstrates the use of this antibody for immunohistochemistry; clinical relevance has not been evaluated.)

Related Product Information for anti-ATG4D antibody

Description: Macroautophagy is the major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane bound autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane bound structure, which then fuse with the lysosome (or vacuole) releasing a single-membrane bound autophagic bodies which are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). APG4 is a cysteine protease required for autophagy, which cleaves the C-terminal part of either MAP1LC3, GABARAPL2 or GABARAP, allowing the liberation of form I. A subpopulation of form I is subsequently converted to a smaller form (form II). Form II, with a revealed C-terminal glycine, is considered to be the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-conjugated form, and has the capacity for the binding to autophagosomes.

Background: Cysteine protease ATG4D: Cysteine protease required for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Cleaves the C-terminal amino acid of ATG8 family proteins MAP1LC3 and GABARAPL2, to reveal a C-terminal glycine. Exposure of the glycine at the C-terminus is essential for ATG8 proteins conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and insertion to membranes, which is necessary for autophagy. Has also an activity of delipidating enzyme for the PE-conjugated forms.

Product Categories/Family for anti-ATG4D antibody

Primary Antibodies; Antibody Collections; Cancer; Cardiovascular; Cell Biology; Metabolism; Autophagy

References

Baehrecke EH. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 6 (6):505-10. (2005). Lum JJ, et al. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 6 (6):439-48. (2005). Greenberg JT. Dev Cell. 8 (6):799-801. (2005). Levine B. Cell. 120 (2):159-62. (2005). Shintani T and Klionsky DJ. Science. 306 (5698):990-5. (2004).

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 528078306
• NCBI GeneID: 84971
• NCBI Accession #: NP_001268433.1
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_001281504.1
• UniProt Accession #: Q86TL0; Q969K0
• Molecular Weight: 52922 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: cysteine protease ATG4D isoform 2
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: autophagy related 4D cysteine peptidase
• NCBI Official Symbol: ATG4D
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: APG4D; AUTL4; APG4-D
• NCBI Protein Information: cysteine protease ATG4D
• UniProt Protein Name: Cysteine protease ATG4D
• Protein Family: Cysteine protease
• UniProt Gene Name: ATG4D
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: APG4D; AUTL4
• UniProt Entry Name: ATG4D_HUMAN

NCBI Description

Autophagy is the process by which endogenous proteins and damaged organelles are destroyed intracellularly. Autophagy is postulated to be essential for cell homeostasis and cell remodeling during differentiation, metamorphosis, non-apoptotic cell death, and aging. Reduced levels of autophagy have been described in some malignant tumors, and a role for autophagy in controlling the unregulated cell growth linked to cancer has been proposed. This gene belongs to the autophagy-related protein 4 (Atg4) family of C54 endopeptidases. Members of this family encode proteins that play a role in the biogenesis of autophagosomes, which sequester the cytosol and organelles for degradation by lysosomes. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

Uniprot Description

ATG4D: Cysteine protease required for autophagy, which cleaves the C-terminal part of either MAP1LC3, GABARAPL2 or GABARAP, allowing the liberation of form I. A subpopulation of form I is subsequently converted to a smaller form (form II). Form II, with a revealed C-terminal glycine, is considered to be the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-conjugated form, and has the capacity for the binding to autophagosomes. Belongs to the peptidase C54 family.

Protein type: EC 3.4.22.-; Autophagy; Ubiquitin conjugating system; Protease

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19p13.2

Cellular Component: cytoplasm; cytosol; mitochondrial matrix

Molecular Function: cysteine-type endopeptidase activity

Biological Process: apoptosis; autophagic vacuole formation; C-terminal protein lipidation; mitochondrion degradation; protein delipidation; protein processing; protein targeting to membrane