Principle of the Assay: This kit was based on sandwich enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay technology. Anti-TGFalpha polyclonal antibody was pre-coated onto 96-well plates. And the biotin conjugated anti-TGFalpha polyclonal antibody was used as detection antibodies. The standards, test samples and biotin conjugated detection antibody were added to the wells subsequently, and wash with wash buffer. Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex was added and unbound conjugates were washed away with wash buffer. TMB substrates were used to visualize HRP enzymatic reaction. TMB was catalyzed by HRP to produce a blue color product that changed into yellow after adding acidic stop solution. The density of yellow is proportional to the TGFalpha amount of sample captured in plate. Read the O.D. absorbance at 450nm in a microplate reader, and then the concentration of TGFalpha can be calculated!!Background/Introduction: Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) is upregulated in some human cancers. It is produced in macrophages, brain cells, and keratinocytes, and induces epithelial development. It is closely related to EGF, and can also bind to the EGF receptor with similar effects. TGFalpha stimulates neural cell proliferation in the adult injured brain. TGFA is expressed rhythmically in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and when infused into the third ventricle it reversibly inhibited locomotor activity and disrupted circadian sleep-wake cycles. TGFA also plays a role in certain paraneoplastic manifestations of melanoma.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene encodes a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) family of cytokines, which are multifunctional peptides that regulate proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, and other functions in many cell types by transducing their signal through combinations of transmembrane type I and type II receptors (TGFBR1 and TGFBR2) and their downstream effectors, the SMAD proteins. Disruption of the TGFB/SMAD pathway has been implicated in a variety of human cancers. The encoded protein is secreted and has suppressive effects of interleukin-2 dependent T-cell growth. Translocation t(1;7)(q41;p21) between this gene and HDAC9 is associated with Peters' anomaly, a congenital defect of the anterior chamber of the eye. The knockout mice lacking this gene show perinatal mortality and a wide range of developmental, including cardiac, defects. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]
Uniprot Description
TGFB2: TGF-beta 2 has suppressive effects on interleukin-2 dependent T-cell growth. Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Heterodimers with TGFB1 and with TGFB3 have been found in bone. Interacts with the serine proteases, HTRA1 and HTRA3. Interacts with ASPN. Belongs to the TGF-beta family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.
Protein type: Secreted; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Cell development/differentiation; Secreted, signal peptide
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q41
Cellular Component: extracellular matrix; extracellular space; cell soma; axon; extracellular region; endosome
Molecular Function: protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; growth factor activity; protein heterodimerization activity; beta-amyloid binding; punt binding; cytokine activity; transforming growth factor beta receptor binding; receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity; receptor binding
Biological Process: heart morphogenesis; extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis; collagen fibril organization; catagen; heart development; dopamine biosynthetic process; SMAD protein nuclear translocation; protein amino acid phosphorylation; cell-cell signaling; hair follicle development; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; somatic stem cell division; cell cycle arrest; cell growth; embryonic gut development; cartilage condensation; response to drug; neutrophil chemotaxis; platelet activation; negative regulation of immune response; neuron fate commitment; positive regulation of cell cycle; positive regulation of catagen; positive regulation of cell growth; positive regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade; cardioblast differentiation; positive regulation of protein secretion; positive regulation of cell division; activation of protein kinase activity; neuron development; response to progesterone stimulus; positive regulation of heart contraction; cell death; axon guidance; positive regulation of immune response; wound healing; cell morphogenesis; cardiac muscle cell proliferation; positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade; odontogenesis; negative regulation of cell proliferation; platelet degranulation; positive regulation of neuron apoptosis; positive regulation of cell proliferation; salivary gland morphogenesis; response to wounding; hemopoiesis; positive regulation of integrin biosynthetic process; angiogenesis; negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; uterine wall breakdown; intercellular junction assembly and maintenance; cell migration; regulation of transforming growth factor-beta2 production; hair follicle morphogenesis; positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin; glial cell migration; positive regulation of ossification; cell proliferation; embryonic development; eye development; generation of neurons; positive regulation of cardioblast differentiation; response to hypoxia; epithelial to mesenchymal transition; blood vessel remodeling; negative regulation of cell growth; blood coagulation
Disease: Loeys-dietz Syndrome 4
Research Articles on TGF-Beta-2
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Product Notes
The Mouse TGF-Beta-2 tgfb2 (Catalog #AAA494820) is an ELISA Kit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The AAA494820 ELISA Kit recognizes Mouse TGF-Beta-2. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "TGF-Beta-2, ELISA Kit" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
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