* Allow all reagents to warm to room temperature for at least 30 minutes before opening.
* Pre-rinse the pipet tip with reagent, use fresh pipet tips for each sample, standard and reagent to avoid contamination.
* Unused wells must be kept desiccated at 4 degree C in the sealed bag provided.
* Mix Thoroughly is very important for the result. It is recommended using low frequency oscillator or slight hand shaking every 10 minutes.
* It is recommended that all samples and standards be assayed in duplicate or triplicate.
Background: Paxillin is a signal transduction adaptor protein and should not be confused with the neurotoxin paxilline.Glenney and Zokas (1989) used an antiphosphotyrosine antibody to identify proteins that are phosphorylated in Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chick embryo fibroblasts, and found a 76-kD protein that localizes to focal adhesions at the ends of actin-containing stress fibers in nontransformed cells. Turner et al. (1990) purified this protein from chicken gizzard smooth muscle, and named it paxillin ('paxillus' means 'small stake' or 'peg' in Latin) as a protein tethered to the membrane at focal adhesions.Paxillin migrates as a diffuse 65- to 70-kD band on SDS-PAGE. Salgia et al. (1995) stated that transmembrane integrin molecules connect the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix within focal adhesions.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
Uniprot Description
Function: Cytoskeletal protein involved in actin-membrane attachment at sites of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (focal adhesion)
By similarity.
Subunit structure: Interacts with VCL and SRC (via SH3 domain). Interacts with GIT1, NUDT16L1/SDOS and TGFB1I1. Component of cytoplasmic complexes, which also contain GIT1, ARHGEF6 and PAK1. Binds ASAP2. Interacts with RNF5 and PDCD10
By similarity. Interacts with SORBS1, PARVA and PARVB. Interacts with NEK3 and this interaction is prolactin-dependent
By similarity. Interacts with PTK2/FAK1. Interacts with PTK6
By similarity. Interacts with PTK2B/PYK2. Ref.3 Ref.5 Ref.6
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton
By similarity. Cell junction › focal adhesion
By similarity. Cytoplasm › cell cortex. Note: Colocalizes with integrins at the cell periphery. Ref.3
Post-translational modification: Phosphorylated by MAPK1/ERK2. Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues during integrin-mediated cell adhesion, embryonic development, fibroblast transformation and following stimulation of cells by mitogens. Phosphorylation at Ser-244 by CDK5 reduces its interaction with PTK2/FAK1 in matrix-cell focal adhesions (MCFA) during oligodendrocytes (OLs) differentiation
By similarity. Phosphorylation at Tyr-31 and Tyr-118 by PTK6 promote the activation of RAC1 via CRK/CrKII, thereby promoting migration and invasion
By similarity. Ref.4 Ref.10
Sequence similarities: Belongs to the paxillin family.Contains 4 LIM zinc-binding domains.
Research Articles on PXN
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Product Notes
The Mouse PXN pxn (Catalog #AAA9717206) is an ELISA Kit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The AAA9717206 ELISA Kit recognizes Mouse PXN. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "Paxillin (PXN), ELISA Kit" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
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