Background: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (Ox-LDL receptor 1) also known as lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) is a 270-amino acid protein that in humans is encoded by the OLR1 gene, which spans approximately 15 kb and contains 6 exons. LOX1 is expressed in vascular-rich organs but not in lymphocytes, and it belongs to the C-type lectin superfamily. This protein binds, internalizes and degrades oxidized low-density lipoprotein. It may be involved in the regulation of Fas-induced apoptosis, and it may also play a role as a scavenger receptor. Mutations of the OLR1 gene have been associated with atherosclerosis, risk of myocardial infarction, and may modify the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene encodes a low density lipoprotein receptor that belongs to the C-type lectin superfamily. This gene is regulated through the cyclic AMP signaling pathway. The encoded protein binds, internalizes and degrades oxidized low-density lipoprotein. This protein may be involved in the regulation of Fas-induced apoptosis. This protein may play a role as a scavenger receptor. Mutations of this gene have been associated with atherosclerosis, risk of myocardial infarction, and may modify the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2010]
Uniprot Description
Function: Receptor that mediates the recognition, internalization and degradation of oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) by vascular endothelial cells. OxLDL is a marker of atherosclerosis that induces vascular endothelial cell activation and dysfunction, resulting in pro-inflammatory responses, pro-oxidative conditions and apoptosis. Its association with oxLDL induces the activation of NF-kappa-B through an increased production of intracellular reactive oxygen and a variety of pro-atherogenic cellular responses including a reduction of nitric oxide (NO) release, monocyte adhesion and apoptosis. In addition to binding oxLDL, it acts as a receptor for the HSP70 protein involved in antigen cross-presentation to naive T-cells in dendritic cells, thereby participating in cell-mediated antigen cross-presentation. Also involved in inflammatory process, by acting as a leukocyte-adhesion molecule at the vascular interface in endotoxin-induced inflammation. Also acts as a receptor for advanced glycation end (AGE) products, activated platelets, monocytes, apoptotic cells and both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Ref.1 Ref.13 Ref.14
Subunit structure: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. May form a hexamer composed of 3 homodimers. Interacts with HSP70. Ref.3 Ref.19 Ref.26 Ref.27
Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Secreted. Note: A secreted form also exists. Ref.24
Tissue specificity: Expressed at high level in endothelial cells and vascular-rich organs such as placenta, lung, liver and brain, aortic intima, bone marrow, spinal cord and substantia nigra. Also expressed at the surface of dendritic cells. Widely expressed at intermediate and low level. Ref.1 Ref.4 Ref.14
Induction: By inflammatory cytokines such as TNF, IFNG/IFN-gamma, IL6/interleukin-6 and by pathological conditions such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Up-regulated in atherosclerotic lesions, by oxLDL, reactive oxygen species and fluid shear stress, suggesting that it may participate in amplification of oxLDL-induced vascular dysfunction. Ref.4 Ref.16
Domain: The cytoplasmic region is required for subcellular sorting on the cell surface. Ref.3 Ref.24The C-type lectin domain mediates the recognition and binding of oxLDL. Ref.3 Ref.24
Post-translational modification: The intrachain disulfide-bonds prevent N-glycosylation at some sites.N-glycosylated. Ref.3 Ref.25
Involvement in disease: Independent association genetic studies have implicated OLR1 gene variants in myocardial infarction susceptibility. Ref.15 Ref.18 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.23OLR1 may be involved in Alzheimer disease (AD). Involvement in AD is however unclear: according to some authors (Ref.14, Ref.17 and Ref.22), variations in OLR1 modify the risk of AD, while according to other (Ref.19 and Ref.20) they do not. Ref.15 Ref.18 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.23
Sequence similarities: Contains 1 C-type lectin domain.
Research Articles on LOX1
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Product Notes
The Mouse LOX1 olr1 (Catalog #AAA355247) is an ELISA Kit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The AAA355247 ELISA Kit recognizes Mouse LOX1. AAA Biotech's LOX1 can be used in a range of immunoassay formats including, but not limited to, Quantitative sELISA (EIA). For quantitative detection of LOX1 in mouse serum, plasma, body fluids, tissue lysates or cell culture supernatants. Researchers should empirically determine the suitability of the LOX1 olr1 for an application not listed in the data sheet. Researchers commonly develop new applications and it is an integral, important part of the investigative research process. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "LOX1, ELISA Kit" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
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