Principle of the Assay: GLRX ELISA kit applies the competitive enzyme immunoassay technique utilizing a monoclonal anti-GLRX antibody and an GLRX-HRP conjugate. The assay sample and buffer are incubated together with GLRX-HRP conjugate in pre-coated plate for one hour. After the incubation period, the wells are decanted and washed five times. The wells are then incubated with a substrate for HRP enzyme. The product of the enzyme-substrate reaction forms a blue colored complex. Finally, a stop solution is added to stop the reaction, which will then turn the solution yellow. The intensity of color is measured spectrophotometrically at 450nm in a microplate reader. The intensity of the color is inversely proportional to the GLRX concentration since GLRX from samples and GLRX-HRP conjugate compete for the anti-GLRX antibody binding site. Since the number of sites is limited, as more sites are occupied by GLRX from the sample, fewer sites are left to bind GLRX-HRP conjugate. A standard curve is plotted relating the intensity of the color (O.D.) to the concentration of standards. The GLRX concentration in each sample is interpolated from this standard curve.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene encodes a member of the glutaredoxin family. The encoded protein is a cytoplasmic enzyme catalyzing the reversible reduction of glutathione-protein mixed disulfides. This enzyme highly contributes to the antioxidant defense system. It is crucial for several signalling pathways by controlling the S-glutathionylation status of signalling mediators. It is involved in beta-amyloid toxicity and Alzheimer's disease. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]
Uniprot Description
GLRX1: Has a glutathione-disulfide oxidoreductase activity in the presence of NADPH and glutathione reductase. Reduces low molecular weight disulfides and proteins. Belongs to the glutaredoxin family.
Protein type: Oxidoreductase
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 5q14
Cellular Component: mitochondrion; cytosol; nucleus
Molecular Function: electron carrier activity; protein N-terminus binding; glutathione disulfide oxidoreductase activity
Biological Process: nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process; nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide interconversion; cell redox homeostasis; positive regulation of membrane potential