Mouse C4d Monoclonal Antibody | anti-C4d antibody

MOUSE ANTI HUMAN C4d

Cat. Num. AAA211550

• Gene Names: C4B; CH; C4F; CO4; C4B1; C4B2; C4B3; C4B5; C4BD; C4B12; C4B_2; CPAMD3
• Applications: Immunohistochemistry, ELISA, Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot
• Synonyms: C4d; Monoclonal Antibody; MOUSE ANTI HUMAN C4d; anti-C4d antibody

• Host: Mouse
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Isotype: IgG1
• Clone Number: 10-11
• Form/Format: Purified; Purified IgG - liquid
• Concentration: IgG concentration 1.0 mg/ml (varies by lot)
• Sequence Length: 1744

• Applicable Applications for anti-C4d antibody: Immunohistology Frozen, ELISA (EIA), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistology Paraffin*, Western Blot (WB)
• Application Notes: Immunohistology - Frozen: Minimum Dilution: 1/100; Maximum Dilution: 1/750;; ELISA: Minimum Dilution: 1/5000; Maximum Dilution: 1/20000;; Immunofluorescence: Minimum Dilution: 1/250; Maximum Dilution: 1/600;; Immunohistology - Paraffin: Application Note: It has been reported that this antibody works very well on acetone-fixed, frozen renal biopsies. Strong staining is observed in the glomeruli and in some cases the peritubular capillaries.; ; Clone 10-11 has given variable results on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. It has been observed that pre-treatment with 88% formic acid for 20 minutes at room temperature is beneficial (6). ; ; For best results MyBioSource recommend HISTAR detection kit
• Perservative Stabilisers: 0.09% Sodium Azide (NaN3) ; Preparation
• Buffer Solution: Borate buffered saline
• Target Species: Human
• Preparation and Storage: Store at 4 degree C or at -20 degree C if preferred. Storage in frost-free freezers is not recommended. This product should be stored undiluted. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing as this may denature the antibody. Should this product contain a precipitate we recommend microcentrifugation before use.; Shelf Life: 18 months from date of despatch.

Related Product Information for anti-C4d antibody

Mouse anti Human C4d antibody, clone 10-11 recognizes the secreted protein complement component 4d (C4d). The presence of C4d in renal peritubular capillaries is a key indicator for acute antibody-mediated rejection [AMR] (Collins et al. 1999.). C4d was accepted in 2003 into the Banff classification for identification of acute AMR (Racusen et al. 2003). Mouse anti Human C4d antibody, clone 10-11 is specific for C4d, a marker that can be used in the detection of acute AMR for kidney, heart, pancreas and lung allografts. C4d is regarded as a key marker of antibody-mediated cell injury and humoral rejection (Sacks and Chowdhury 2002). Complement 1 complex cleaves complement 4 (C4) to form C4b and C4a. C4b levels are strictly regulated. Single site cleavage of the C4b's alpha chain by Factor I forms iC4b and blocks C3 convertase, inhibiting opsonization and activation of the classical pathway. This requires C4 binding protein or CR1 as a cofactor. iC4b is further degraded into C4d and C4c. C4b's short half life means that C4d is present in serum at high enough concentrations to make it a useful marker for classical complement activation (Collins et al. 1999). Mouse anti Human C4d antibody, clone 10-11 is used to detect the biomarker C4d which has been described as a œfootprint of antibody mediated tissue rejection (Sacks and Chowdhury 2002). The internal thioester of C4b becomes exposed during cleavage to C4d and forms a covalent bond with the cell surface. The longer half-life of covalently bound C4d makes it a footprint of complement activation long after weakly bound antibodies have been cleared by the blood stream (Sacks and Chowdhury 2002). C4 has also been linked to susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (Yang et al. 2004) and rheumatoid arthritis (Makinde et al. 1989).

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 178557739
• NCBI GeneID: 721
• NCBI Accession #: NP_001002029.3
• NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #: NM_001002029.3
• Molecular Weight: 192,751 Da
• NCBI Official Full Name: complement C4-B preproprotein
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: complement component 4B (Chido blood group)
• NCBI Official Symbol: C4B
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: CH; C4F; CO4; C4B1; C4B2; C4B3; C4B5; C4BD; C4B12; C4B_2; CPAMD3
• NCBI Protein Information: complement C4-B; C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 3; Chido form of C4; basic complement C4; complement C4B1a
• UniProt Protein Name: Complement C4-B
• UniProt Gene Name: C4B
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: CO4; CPAMD3
• UniProt Entry Name: CO4B_HUMAN

NCBI Description

This gene encodes the basic form of complement factor 4, part of the classical activation pathway. The protein is expressed as a single chain precursor which is proteolytically cleaved into a trimer of alpha, beta, and gamma chains prior to secretion. The trimer provides a surface for interaction between the antigen-antibody complex and other complement components. The alpha chain may be cleaved to release C4 anaphylatoxin, a mediator of local inflammation. Deficiency of this protein is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. This gene localizes to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region on chromosome 6. Varying haplotypes of this gene cluster exist, such that individuals may have 1, 2, or 3 copies of this gene. In addition, this gene exists as a long form and a short form due to the presence or absence of a 6.4 kb endogenous HERV-K retrovirus in intron 9. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Uniprot Description

C4B: C4 plays a central role in the activation of the classical pathway of the complement system. It is processed by activated C1 which removes from the alpha chain the C4a anaphylatoxin. The remaining alpha chain fragment C4b is the major activation product and is an essential subunit of the C3 convertase (C4b2a) and the C5 convertase (C3bC4b2a) enzymes of the classical complement pathway. Defects in C4B are a cause of susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A chronic, inflammatory and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue. It affects principally the skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. It is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. Interindividual copy- number variation (CNV) of complement component C4 and associated polymorphisms result in different susceptibilities to SLE. The risk of SLE susceptibility has been shown to be significantly increased among subjects with only two copies of total C4. A high copy number is a protective factor against SLE. Defects in C4B are the cause of complement component 4B deficiency (C4BD). A rare defect of the complement classical pathway associated with the development of autoimmune disorders, mainly systemic lupus with or without associated glomerulonephritis.

Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6p21.3

Cellular Component: extracellular space; extracellular region; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: complement binding; endopeptidase inhibitor activity; carbohydrate binding

Biological Process: detection of molecule of bacterial origin; regulation of complement activation; innate immune response; opsonization; inflammatory response; complement activation, classical pathway; complement activation

Disease: Complement Component 4b Deficiency