Western Blot (WB)
(Western blot detection of AMPK alpha 2 in C6,Hela cell lysates using AMPK alpha 2 Rabbit mAb(1:1000 diluted). Predicted band size:62kDa. Observed band size:62kDa.)
Rabbit anti-Human AMPK alpha 2 Monoclonal Antibody | anti-PRKAA2 antibody
AMPK alpha 2 Rabbit mAb
IP: 1:20
Western Blot (WB)
(Western blot detection of AMPK alpha 2 in C6,Hela cell lysates using AMPK alpha 2 Rabbit mAb(1:1000 diluted). Predicted band size:62kDa. Observed band size:62kDa.)
Western Blot (WB)
(Western blot detection of AMPK alpha 2 in C6,Hela cell lysates using AMPK alpha 2 Rabbit mAb(1:1000 diluted). Predicted band size:62kDa. Observed band size:62kDa.)
Catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Regulates lipid synthesis by phosphorylating and inactivating lipid metabolic enzymes such as ACACA, ACACB, GYS1, HMGCR and LIPE; regulates fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis by phosphorylating acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACACA and ACACB) and hormone-sensitive lipase (LIPE) enzymes, respectively. Regulates insulin-signaling and glycolysis by phosphorylating IRS1, PFKFB2 and PFKFB3. Involved in insulin receptor/INSR internalization (PubMed:25687571). AMPK stimulates glucose uptake in muscle by increasing the translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 to the plasma membrane, possibly by mediating phosphorylation of TBC1D4/AS160. Regulates transcription and chromatin structure by phosphorylating transcription regulators involved in energy metabolism such as CRTC2/TORC2, FOXO3, histone H2B, HDAC5, MEF2C, MLXIPL/ChREBP, EP300, HNF4A, p53/TP53, SREBF1, SREBF2 and PPARGC1A. Acts as a key regulator of glucose homeostasis in liver by phosphorylating CRTC2/TORC2, leading to CRTC2/TORC2 sequestration in the cytoplasm. In response to stress, phosphorylates 'Ser-36' of histone H2B (H2BS36ph), leading to promote transcription. Acts as a key regulator of cell growth and proliferation by phosphorylating TSC2, RPTOR and ATG1/ULK1: in response to nutrient limitation, negatively regulates the mTORC1 complex by phosphorylating RPTOR component of the mTORC1 complex and by phosphorylating and activating TSC2. In response to nutrient limitation, promotes autophagy by phosphorylating and activating ATG1/ULK1. In that process also activates WDR45 (PubMed:28561066). AMPK also acts as a regulator of circadian rhythm by mediating phosphorylation of CRY1, leading to destabilize it. May regulate the Wnt signaling pathway by phosphorylating CTNNB1, leading to stabilize it. Also phosphorylates CFTR, EEF2K, KLC1, NOS3 and SLC12A1. Plays an important role in the differential regulation of pro-autophagy (composed of PIK3C3, BECN1, PIK3R4 and UVRAG or ATG14) and non-autophagy (composed of PIK3C3, BECN1 and PIK3R4) complexes, in response to glucose starvation. Can inhibit the non-autophagy complex by phosphorylating PIK3C3 and can activate the pro-autophagy complex by phosphorylating BECN1.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
The protein encoded by this gene is a catalytic subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggest that this catalytic subunit may control whole-body insulin sensitivity and is necessary for maintaining myocardial energy homeostasis during ischemia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Uniprot Description
AMPKA2: a catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Acts as an energy sensor, playing a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. A protein kinase of the CAMKL family whose activation is regulated by the balance between ADP/AMP/ATP, and intracellular Ca(2+) levels. Acts as a metabolic stress-sensing protein kinase switching off biosynthetic pathways when cellular ATP levels are depleted and when 5'-ADP and -AMP rise in response to fuel limitation and/or hypoxia. Activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes. Restores ATP levels in cells by switching off anabolic and switching on catabolic pathways. Activated primarily by rising ADP levels and not, as previously thought, solely by AMP. AMPK resembles an adenylate charge regulatory system in which anabolic and catabolic pathways are regulated by adenine nucleotide ratios. Acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes and transcription regulators. Regulates fatty acid synthesis by phosphorylating acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Regulates cholesterol synthesis by phosphorylating and inactivating hormone-sensitive lipase and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase. Activated by at least two distinct upstream kinases: the tumor suppressor LKB1 and CaMKK2. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton, probably by indirectly activating myosin. AMPK is a heterotrimer of an alpha catalytic subunit (AMPKA1 or -2), a beta (AMPKB1 or -2) and a gamma non-catalytic subunit (AMPKG1, -2 or -3). Different possible combinations of subunits give rise to 12 different holoenzymes. Binding of ADP or AMP to non-catalytic gamma subunit (PRKAG1, -2 or -3) results in allosteric activation. AMPK is activated by antihyperglycemic drug metformin, a drug prescribed to patients with type 2 diabetes: in vivo, metformin seems to mainly inhibit liver gluconeogenesis. However, metformin can be used to activate AMPK in muscle and other cells in culture or ex vivo. Selectively inhibited by compound C (6-[4-(2-Piperidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-phenyl)]-3-pyridin-4-yl-pyyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine. Activated by resveratrol, a natural polyphenol present in red wine, and S17834, a synthetic polyphenol. Salicylate/aspirin directly activates kinase activity. Studies in the mouse suggest that AMPK2 may control whole-body insulin sensitivity and is necessary for maintaining myocardial energy homeostasis during ischemia.
Protein type: Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); EC 2.7.11.27; EC 2.7.11.1; Kinase, protein; Autophagy; Protein kinase, CAMK; EC 2.7.11.31; CAMK group; CAMKL family; AMPK subfamily
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1p31
Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; cytosol
Molecular Function: AMP-activated protein kinase activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; metal ion binding; [acetyl-CoA carboxylase] kinase activity; protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity; chromatin binding; histone serine kinase activity; ATP binding; protein kinase activity; [hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase activity
Biological Process: lipid biosynthetic process; rhythmic process; cellular lipid metabolic process; carnitine shuttle; glucose homeostasis; signal transduction; protein amino acid phosphorylation; cellular response to glucose starvation; cellular response to nutrient levels; regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; response to stress; cell cycle arrest; positive regulation of autophagy; fatty acid biosynthetic process; mitochondrion organization and biogenesis; negative regulation of TOR signaling pathway; Wnt receptor signaling pathway; transcription, DNA-dependent; organelle organization and biogenesis; regulation of circadian rhythm; cholesterol biosynthetic process; fatty acid homeostasis; positive regulation of glycolysis; insulin receptor signaling pathway; energy reserve metabolic process; autophagy; negative regulation of apoptosis
Research Articles on PRKAA2
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Product Notes
The PRKAA2 prkaa2 (Catalog #AAA4752582) is an Antibody produced from Rabbit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The AMPK alpha 2 Rabbit mAb reacts with Human and may cross-react with other species as described in the data sheet. AAA Biotech's AMPK alpha 2 can be used in a range of immunoassay formats including, but not limited to, Western Blot (WB), Immunoprecipitation (IP). WB: 1:1000 IP: 1:20. Researchers should empirically determine the suitability of the PRKAA2 prkaa2 for an application not listed in the data sheet. Researchers commonly develop new applications and it is an integral, important part of the investigative research process. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "AMPK alpha 2, Monoclonal Antibody" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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