Typical Testing Data/Standard Curve (for reference only)
TGFbeta1 elisa kit
TGFbeta1 (Rat) ELISA Kit
Typical Testing Data/Standard Curve (for reference only)
Typical Testing Data/Standard Curve (for reference only)
Principle of the Assay: The design of this assay is based on a sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with a monoclonal antibody specific to Rat MCP-1. Samples are pipetted into these wells. Nonbound Rat MCP-1 and other components of the sample should be removed by washing, then monoclonal antibody specific to Rat MCP-1 added. In order to quantitatively determine the amount of Rat MCP-1 present in the sample, Streptavidin Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) should be added to each microplate well. The final step, a TMB-substrate solution added to each well. Finally, a sulfuric acid solution is added and the resulting yellow colored product is measured at 450nm. Since the increases in absorbency is directly proportional to the amount of captured Rat MCP-1!!Background/Introduction: The chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) is also referred to as monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) and small inducible cytokine A2. CCL2 is a small cytokine that belongs to the CC chemokine family. CCL2 recruits monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells to the sites of inflammation produced by either tissue injury or infection. CCL2 is a monomeric polypeptide, with a molecular weight of approximately 13 kDa. CCL2 is anchored in the plasma membrane of endothelial cells by glycosaminoglycan side chains of proteoglycans. CCL2 is primarily secreted by monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Platelet derived growth factor is a major inducer of CCL2 gene. To become activated CCL2 protein has to be cleaved by metalloproteinase MMP-12. CCL2 exhibits a chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils. However, it does not attract neutrophils or eosinophils. After deletion of the N-terminal residue, CCL2 loses its attractivity for basophils and becomes a chemoattractant of eosinophils. Basophils and mast cells that are treated with CCL2 releases their granules to the intercellular space. This effect can be also potentiated by a pre-treatment with IL-3 or even by other cytokines. CCL2 augments monocyte antitumor activity and it is essential for formation of granulomas. The CCL2 chemokine is also expressed by neurons, astrocytes and microglia. The expression of CCL2 in neurons is mainly found in the cerebral cortex, globus pallidus, hippocampus, paraventricular and supraoptic hypothalamic nuclei, lateral hypothalamus, substantia nigra, facial nuclei, motor and spinal trigeminal nuclei, gigantocellular reticular nucleus and in Purkinje cells in the cerebellum.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This gene encodes a member of the transforming growth factor family of cytokines. The encoded protein undergoes proteolytic processing to generate a mature, functional protein with biological functions such as regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and growth. The secreted protein can modulate expression and activation of other growth factors including interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Mice lacking the encoded protein develop severe multifocal inflammatory disease, yolk sac defects and colon cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
Uniprot Description
TGFB1: Multifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. Many cells synthesize TGFB1 and have specific receptors for it. It positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. It plays an important role in bone remodeling as it is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts. Homodimer; disulfide-linked, or heterodimer with TGFB2. Secreted and stored as a biologically inactive form in the extracellular matrix in a 290 kDa complex (large latent TGF-beta1 complex) containing the TGFB1 homodimer, the latency-associated peptide (LAP), and the latent TGFB1 binding protein-1 (LTBP1). The complex without LTBP1 is known as the'small latent TGF-beta1 complex'. Dissociation of the TGFB1 from LAP is required for growth factor activation and biological activity. Release of the large latent TGF-beta1 complex from the extracellular matrix is carried out by the matrix metalloproteinase MMP3. May interact with THSD4; this interaction may lead to sequestration by FBN1 microfibril assembly and attenuation of TGFB signaling. Interacts with the serine proteases, HTRA1 and HTRA3: the interaction with either inhibits TGFB1-mediated signaling. The HTRA protease activity is required for this inhibition. Interacts with CD109, DPT and ASPN. Activated in vitro at pH below 3.5 and over 12.5. Highly expressed in bone. Abundantly expressed in articular cartilage and chondrocytes and is increased in osteoarthritis (OA). Co-localizes with ASPN in chondrocytes within OA lesions of articular cartilage. Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
Protein type: Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide
Cellular Component: axon; cell soma; cell surface; cytoplasm; extracellular region; extracellular space; microvillus; nucleus; proteinaceous extracellular matrix; secretory granule
Molecular Function: antigen binding; cytokine activity; enzyme binding; glycoprotein binding; growth factor activity; protein binding; protein heterodimerization activity; protein homodimerization activity; protein N-terminus binding; protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity; punt binding; transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
Biological Process: activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains; ATP biosynthetic process; CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell lineage commitment; cell activation; cell cycle arrest; cell growth; cell migration; cell proliferation; cellular calcium ion homeostasis; chondrocyte differentiation; common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation; defense response; defense response to fungus, incompatible interaction; endoderm development; epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; epithelial to mesenchymal transition; evasion of host defenses by virus; germ cell migration; growth; hemopoietic progenitor cell differentiation; hyaluronan catabolic process; inflammatory response; intercellular junction assembly and maintenance; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; lymph node development; mammary gland development; MAPKKK cascade; mitotic cell cycle checkpoint; mononuclear cell proliferation; morphogenesis of a branching structure; myelination; myeloid dendritic cell differentiation; negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; negative regulation of cell cycle; negative regulation of cell growth; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion; negative regulation of DNA replication; negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; negative regulation of fat cell differentiation; negative regulation of immune response; negative regulation of interleukin-17 production; negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle; negative regulation of myoblast differentiation; negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation; negative regulation of ossification; negative regulation of phagocytosis; negative regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; negative regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol; negative regulation of skeletal muscle development; negative regulation of T cell activation; negative regulation of T cell proliferation; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; Notch signaling pathway; oligodendrocyte development; organ morphogenesis; organ regeneration; phosphate metabolic process; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; positive regulation of cell division; positive regulation of cell migration; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process; positive regulation of chemotaxis; positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of exit from mitosis; positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation; positive regulation of histone acetylation; positive regulation of histone deacetylation; positive regulation of interleukin-17 production; positive regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; positive regulation of odontogenesis; positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; positive regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity; positive regulation of protein amino acid dephosphorylation; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of protein complex assembly; positive regulation of protein import into nucleus; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade; positive regulation of protein secretion; positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation; positive regulation of superoxide release; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of vascular permeability; protein amino acid phosphorylation; protein export from nucleus; protein import into nucleus, translocation; protein kinase B signaling cascade; receptor catabolic process; regulation of apoptosis; regulation of binding; regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation; regulation of cell proliferation; regulation of DNA binding; regulation of gene expression; regulation of interleukin-23 production; regulation of MAPKKK cascade; regulation of protein import into nucleus; regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation; regulation of sodium ion transport; regulation of striated muscle development; regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; regulatory T cell differentiation; response to estradiol stimulus; response to organic substance; response to progesterone stimulus; skeletal development; skeletal muscle development; SMAD protein complex assembly; SMAD protein nuclear translocation; T cell activation; T cell differentiation; T cell homeostasis; tolerance induction to self antigen; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; wound healing
Research Articles on TGFbeta1
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Product Notes
The TGFbeta1 tgfb1 (Catalog #AAA495294) is an ELISA Kit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "TGFbeta1, ELISA Kit" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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